Abstract
Amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide) and amyloid beta protein (Aβ), identified as proteinaceous deposits within the pancreas of diabetics and the brain of Alzheimer’s patients respectively, share many biophysical, physiological and neurotoxic properties. Although no specific “Aβ receptor” has been identified, emerging evidence suggests that the amylin receptor serves a putative target receptor for the actions of Aβ in the brain. The amylin receptor consists of a calcitonin receptor dimerized with receptor activity-modifying proteins and is widely distributed within central nervous system. Aβ can directly activate this G protein-coupled receptor and trigger multiple intracellular signal transduction messengers and pathways that include calcium, cAMP, ERK1/2 and Fos. Growing evidence suggests that amylin and amylin receptors are involved in many aspects of neurodegenerative pathophysiology. Developing therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating amylin receptor function may prove useful for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid β (Aβ) protein, calcitonin receptor, calcitonin gene related peptide, diabetes mellitus, human amylin, receptor activity-modifying proteins.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title:Role of Amylin and its Receptors in Neurodegeneration
Volume: 14 Issue: 4
Author(s): Wen Fu and Jack H. Jhamandas
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid β (Aβ) protein, calcitonin receptor, calcitonin gene related peptide, diabetes mellitus, human amylin, receptor activity-modifying proteins.
Abstract: Amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide) and amyloid beta protein (Aβ), identified as proteinaceous deposits within the pancreas of diabetics and the brain of Alzheimer’s patients respectively, share many biophysical, physiological and neurotoxic properties. Although no specific “Aβ receptor” has been identified, emerging evidence suggests that the amylin receptor serves a putative target receptor for the actions of Aβ in the brain. The amylin receptor consists of a calcitonin receptor dimerized with receptor activity-modifying proteins and is widely distributed within central nervous system. Aβ can directly activate this G protein-coupled receptor and trigger multiple intracellular signal transduction messengers and pathways that include calcium, cAMP, ERK1/2 and Fos. Growing evidence suggests that amylin and amylin receptors are involved in many aspects of neurodegenerative pathophysiology. Developing therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating amylin receptor function may prove useful for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
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Cite this article as:
Fu Wen and Jhamandas H. Jack, Role of Amylin and its Receptors in Neurodegeneration, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2013; 14 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13892037113149990051
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13892037113149990051 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
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