Sirtuin-1 and HIV-1: An Overview

Title:Sirtuin-1 and HIV-1: An Overview

Volume: 14 Issue: 6

Author(s): Marilia Rita Pinzone, Bruno Cacopardo, Fabrizio Condorelli, Michele Di Rosa and Giuseppe Nunnari

Affiliation:

Keywords: Deacetylase activity, HIV-1, HDAC, resveratrol, sirtuin, SIRT1.

Abstract: Sirtuins are a family of NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases, which regulate cell survival and energy metabolism, inflammation and cancer. Recent studies have shown that sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) modulates Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 transcription. The HIV-1 Tat protein is a substrate for the deacetylase activity of SIRT1; SIRT1 recycles Tat to its unacetylated form, catalyzing a fundamental step to start new cycles of viral transcription. Moreover, Tat has been reported to promote T-cell hyperactivation by suppressing SIRT1 activity. In fact, Tat blocks the ability of SIRT1 to deacetylate lysine 310 in the p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) by interacting with the deacetylase domain of SIRT1. This mechanism leads therefore to the hyperactivation of NF-κB proinflammatory pathway and may likely contribute to the chronic immune activation state of HIV-infected individuals.

In the present review we first briefly describe the biological functions of sirtuins, then we delineate the interplay between SIRT1 and HIV-1 and discuss the potential role of SIRT1 as a pharmacological target of HIV-1 replication.

Cite this article as:

Pinzone Marilia Rita, Cacopardo Bruno, Condorelli Fabrizio, Rosa Michele Di and Nunnari Giuseppe, Sirtuin-1 and HIV-1: An Overview, Current Drug Targets 2013; 14 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450111314060005