Abstract
Inflammatory diseases including, different types of rheumatic diseases are the major problems associated with the presently available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The numbers of plant derived drugs have been screened for their anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. Drug development in the recent times often relies on use of natural and synthetic drugs, which are promising candidates as therapeutic agents for prevention of diseases and disorders. These drugs possess different chemical structures, with wide range of therapeutic activities. The mechanism of Inflammation mainly involve in development of serious diseases, such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, sprains, bronchitis, muscle pains, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, persistent asthma, and liver fibrosis. Development of inflammatory events basically related to various chemicals, such as glucocorticoids (GCs) and mometasone furoate (MF); endogenous factors such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); enzymes and proteins such as copper and zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD), proinflammatory peptide substance (PPS), RGD peptides, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, interferon- λ (IFN- λ), COX, LOX, cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1); reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2; as well as pro-inflammatory cells such as T and NK cells are well known to have an important role. Based on these correlations, numerous assays were used for inflammatory mechanism research, which was described in this paper.
Keywords: Herbal drugs, Synthetic drugs, Anti-Inflammatory assays
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Optimized Methods for In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Assays and Its Applications in Herbal and Synthetic Drug Analysis
Volume: 13 Issue: 1
Author(s): Shivraj Hariram Nile and Se Won Park
Affiliation:
Keywords: Herbal drugs, Synthetic drugs, Anti-Inflammatory assays
Abstract: Inflammatory diseases including, different types of rheumatic diseases are the major problems associated with the presently available non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The numbers of plant derived drugs have been screened for their anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. Drug development in the recent times often relies on use of natural and synthetic drugs, which are promising candidates as therapeutic agents for prevention of diseases and disorders. These drugs possess different chemical structures, with wide range of therapeutic activities. The mechanism of Inflammation mainly involve in development of serious diseases, such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, sprains, bronchitis, muscle pains, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, persistent asthma, and liver fibrosis. Development of inflammatory events basically related to various chemicals, such as glucocorticoids (GCs) and mometasone furoate (MF); endogenous factors such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α); enzymes and proteins such as copper and zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD), proinflammatory peptide substance (PPS), RGD peptides, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10, interferon- λ (IFN- λ), COX, LOX, cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1); reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2; as well as pro-inflammatory cells such as T and NK cells are well known to have an important role. Based on these correlations, numerous assays were used for inflammatory mechanism research, which was described in this paper.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Hariram Nile Shivraj and Won Park Se, Optimized Methods for In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Assays and Its Applications in Herbal and Synthetic Drug Analysis, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2013; 13 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557511307010095
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557511307010095 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Bioprospecting of Natural Products as Sources of New Multitarget Therapies
According to the Convention on Biological Diversity, bioprospecting is the exploration of biodiversity and indigenous knowledge to develop commercially valuable products for pharmaceutical and other applications. Bioprospecting involves searching for useful organic compounds in plants, fungi, marine organisms, and microorganisms. Natural products traditionally constituted the primary source of more than ...read more
Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry
The thematic issue "Computational Frontiers in Medicinal Chemistry" provides a robust platform for delving into state-of-the-art computational methodologies and technologies that significantly propel advancements in medicinal chemistry. This edition seeks to amalgamate top-tier reviews spotlighting the latest trends and breakthroughs in the fusion of computational approaches, including artificial intelligence (AI) ...read more
Natural Products and Dietary Supplements in Alleviation of Metabolic, Cardiovascular, and Neurological Disorders
Metabolic disorders like diabetes, obesity, inflammation, oxidative stress, cancer etc, cardiovascular disorders like angina, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure etc as well as neurological disorders like Alzheimer?s, Parkinson?s, Epilepsy, Depression, etc are the global burden. They covered the major segment of the diseases and disorders from which the human community ...read more
Natural Products in Drug Discovery
Natural products have always been one of the important ways of drug discovery due to their novel skeleton and diverse functional group characteristics. According to statistics, between 1981 and 2019, the FDA approved a total of 1,394 small molecule drugs for marketing, of which 930 marketed drugs originated from the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Protein Targets for Anticancer Gold Compounds: Mechanistic Inferences
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Multitarget Opioid/Non-opioid Ligands: A Potential Approach in Pain Management
Current Medicinal Chemistry Effects of Physical Exercise on Inflammatory Markers of Atherosclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Metallic Nanopopcorns: A New Multimodal Approach for Theranostics
Current Nanoscience The Reactions Between HOCl and Differently Saturated Phospholipids: Physiological Relevance, Products and Methods of Evaluation
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry SARS Coronavirus Anti-Infectives
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Imaging Characteristics of Spondyloarthropathy
Current Rheumatology Reviews Duloxetine in the Treatment of Depression: An Overview
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Fate of Nanocarriers As Nanomedicines In Vivo: Important Considerations and Biological Barriers to Overcome
Current Medicinal Chemistry Monoclonal Antibodies in Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents The Interplay between Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 In Chronic Inflammation and Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry α-Mangostin, A Natural Xanthone, Induces Apoptosis and ROS Accumulation in Human Rheumatoid Fibroblast-Like Synoviocyte MH7A Cells
Current Molecular Medicine Associations between Periodontitis and Systemic Inflammatory Diseases: Response to Treatment
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Development, Pre-clinical Investigation and Histopathological Evaluation of Metronidazole Loaded Topical Formulation for Treatment of Skin Inflammatory Disorders
Drug Delivery Letters Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling and Inflammation
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy Targeting CD147 is a Novel Strategy for Antitumor Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Subject Index To Volum 2
Current Diabetes Reviews Improvement of Nonviral Gene Therapy by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-based Plasmid Vectors
Current Gene Therapy Gene Expression Profiling Analysis to Identify Key Genes and Underlying Mechanisms in Meniscus of Osteoarthritis Patients
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening The Prevention of Preterm Labour - Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Type 1 Receptors as a Target for Drug Design and Development
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry