Abstract
Escherichia coli remains one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial and community-acquired bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, enteric infections, and systemic infections in humans. Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli or ExPEC had emerged during the 2000s as an important player in the resistance to antibiotics, especially to the cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Most importantly among ExPEC, is the increasing recognition of isolates producing “newer β-lactamases” that consist of plasmidmediated AmpC β-lactamases (e.g. CMY), extended-spectrum β-lactamases (e.g. CTX-M), and carbapenemases (e.g. NDM, KPC and OXA-48). Since the mid 2000’s, E. coli that produce CTX-M enzymes (especially CTX-M-15), have emerged worldwide as important causes of community-associated urinary tract (UTIs) and blood stream infections. Community-associated acquisition and infections due to enterobacteria with plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases are a relatively recent phenomenon and have been described in Canada and USA. Empiric antibiotic coverage for these resistant organisms should be considered in community patients presenting with sepsis involving the urinary tract especially if a patient recently traveled to a high-risk area. If this emerging public health threat is ignored, it is possible that the medical community may be forced in the near future to use the carbapenems as the first choice for the empirical treatment of serious infections associated with urinary tract infections originating from the community.
Keywords: Community-onset infections, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, AmpC beta-lactamases
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Enterobacteriaceae that Produce Extended-spectrum β -lactamases and AmpC β -lactamases in the Community: The Tip of the Iceberg?
Volume: 19 Issue: 2
Author(s): Johann D.D. Pitout
Affiliation:
Keywords: Community-onset infections, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, AmpC beta-lactamases
Abstract: Escherichia coli remains one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial and community-acquired bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, enteric infections, and systemic infections in humans. Extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli or ExPEC had emerged during the 2000s as an important player in the resistance to antibiotics, especially to the cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones. Most importantly among ExPEC, is the increasing recognition of isolates producing “newer β-lactamases” that consist of plasmidmediated AmpC β-lactamases (e.g. CMY), extended-spectrum β-lactamases (e.g. CTX-M), and carbapenemases (e.g. NDM, KPC and OXA-48). Since the mid 2000’s, E. coli that produce CTX-M enzymes (especially CTX-M-15), have emerged worldwide as important causes of community-associated urinary tract (UTIs) and blood stream infections. Community-associated acquisition and infections due to enterobacteria with plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases are a relatively recent phenomenon and have been described in Canada and USA. Empiric antibiotic coverage for these resistant organisms should be considered in community patients presenting with sepsis involving the urinary tract especially if a patient recently traveled to a high-risk area. If this emerging public health threat is ignored, it is possible that the medical community may be forced in the near future to use the carbapenems as the first choice for the empirical treatment of serious infections associated with urinary tract infections originating from the community.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
D.D. Pitout Johann, Enterobacteriaceae that Produce Extended-spectrum β -lactamases and AmpC β -lactamases in the Community: The Tip of the Iceberg?, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811306020257
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811306020257 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Therapies for Neurological Disease in the Mucopolysaccharidoses
Current Gene Therapy Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α Activation Protects Brain Capillary Endothelial Cells from Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation-Induced Hyperpermeability in the Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Neurovascular Research Innovations and Opportunities to Improve Conventional (Deoxy)Nucleoside and Fluoropyrimidine Analogs in Cancer
Current Medicinal Chemistry Indolo[3,2-b]quinolines: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Structure Activity-Relationships
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Cardiovascular Complications in HIV-Infected Patients
Current Pharmaceutical Design Drug Targeting Approaches and Use of Drug Delivery Systems in Management of Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Inflammation and Immunology of the Vitreoretinal Compartment
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Mucopolysaccharidosis Type III (Sanfilippo Syndrome): Emerging Treatment Strategies
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Nanotechnology Applications for Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
Current Neuropharmacology Sulfonamides: Antiviral Strategy for Neglected Tropical Disease Virus
Current Organic Chemistry Severe Influenza: Clinical Features and Treatment Options
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Diabetes, Cognitive Function, and the Blood-Brain Barrier
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cephalosporins Associated Pseudomembraneous Colitis in an Elderly Male Patient - A Case Report
Current Drug Safety An Update to Enterococcal Bacteremia: Epidemiology, Resistance, and Outcome
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets The Role of Universal Stress Proteins in Bacterial Infections
Current Medicinal Chemistry Vaccine Development for Group A Streptococcus Infections and Associated Diseases
Current Drug Targets Recent Patents in Cell Therapy for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disorders
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Tuberculosis - Present Medication and Therapeutic Prospects
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Efficacy of Viral Capsid Inhibitors in Human Enterovirus Infection and Associated Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry