Abstract
Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at high risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Traditional medicines for type 2 diabetes, such as sulfonylureas, pioglitazone, and insulin have glucose lowering effects; however, they also increase the frequency of hypoglycemia and/or body weight and thus may cancel out the benefits of glucose lowering on the development of atherosclerosis. In contrast, the recently developed glucagon like peptide-1-based therapy using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors has numerous beneficial effects in the management of hyperglycemia with less risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. Glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapy also lowers blood pressure and blood lipids and thus may prevent progression of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, glucagonlike peptide-1 receptors are abundantly expressed in vascular cells such as endothelial cells, monocyte/macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Recent studies suggest that the anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties of glucagon-like peptide-1 signaling on endothelial cells, its anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages and anti-proliferative effects on smooth muscle cells may halt atherosclerosis. Although large clinical trials are required to confirm these beneficial effects, glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapy could provide both glucose lowering and protection against cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, diabetes, endothelial cells, glucagon-like peptide-1, macrophage/monocyte, smooth muscle cells
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Glucagon Like Peptide-1 and Atherosclerosis
Volume: 10 Issue: 4
Author(s): Tomoya Mita and Hirotaka Watada
Affiliation:
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, diabetes, endothelial cells, glucagon-like peptide-1, macrophage/monocyte, smooth muscle cells
Abstract: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at high risk for developing cardiovascular diseases. Traditional medicines for type 2 diabetes, such as sulfonylureas, pioglitazone, and insulin have glucose lowering effects; however, they also increase the frequency of hypoglycemia and/or body weight and thus may cancel out the benefits of glucose lowering on the development of atherosclerosis. In contrast, the recently developed glucagon like peptide-1-based therapy using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors has numerous beneficial effects in the management of hyperglycemia with less risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain. Glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapy also lowers blood pressure and blood lipids and thus may prevent progression of atherosclerosis. Furthermore, glucagonlike peptide-1 receptors are abundantly expressed in vascular cells such as endothelial cells, monocyte/macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Recent studies suggest that the anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory properties of glucagon-like peptide-1 signaling on endothelial cells, its anti-inflammatory effect on macrophages and anti-proliferative effects on smooth muscle cells may halt atherosclerosis. Although large clinical trials are required to confirm these beneficial effects, glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapy could provide both glucose lowering and protection against cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Cite this article as:
Mita Tomoya and Watada Hirotaka, Glucagon Like Peptide-1 and Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 10 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152512803530388
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152512803530388 |
Print ISSN 1871-5257 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6182 |
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Medicinal Plants with Beneficial Properties on Diabetes and Hypertension
Diabetes and hypertension are real scourges of the 21st century. It is imperative to act in order to find innovative solutions to this problem. Taking medications such as hypoglycemic and antihypertensive drugs may aggravate certain underlying comorbidities, such as chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease. This significant drawback therefore requires ...read more
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