Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are widespread on virtually every human organ/tissue, and have long been considered promising therapeutic targets in a wide range of conditions, ranging from cerebral diseases to cancer, including inflammatory disorders. The knowledge acquired up to date in relation to ARs, in particular regarding the molecular biology of the A3 AR has provided a solid basis that led to the proposal of this receptor as a novel therapeutic target enabling the rational design and development of potent and selective A3 AR ligands. This review attempts to summarize the most recent developments in the A3 research field, focusing in particular on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) based studies that supported so far the design of new, potent and selective human A3 AR antagonists. In addition, a classical QSAR modeling study carried out on two series of pyrazolo-triazolopyrimidine derivatives is presented as a case study. Specifically, a systematic evaluation of linear and non-linear models along with a variety of structure representations and feature selection tools is reported. The combination of these techniques (neural networks to capture non-linear relationships in the data and feature selection to prevent over-fitting) was found to produce QSAR models with good overall accuracy and robustness, as well as predictivity on external data. Moreover, the study indicated that the antagonist activity of these derivatives is largely explained by electrostatic, steric and hydrogen-bonding factors, highlighting the role of the size, shape and type of inhibitor in forming effective blocking of the A3 AR subtype. The developed QSAR models could then be usefully employed to design new compounds selectively active towards the A3 adenosine receptor.
Keywords: Human A3 adenosine receptor subtype, Quantitative structure–activity relationships, Multiple linear regression, Radial basis function neural networks, Antagonists
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Recent Advances on A3 Adenosine Receptor Antagonists by QSAR Tools
Volume: 12 Issue: 8
Author(s): Feng Luan, Fernanda Borges and M. Natalia D. S. Cordeiro
Affiliation:
Keywords: Human A3 adenosine receptor subtype, Quantitative structure–activity relationships, Multiple linear regression, Radial basis function neural networks, Antagonists
Abstract: Adenosine receptors (ARs) are widespread on virtually every human organ/tissue, and have long been considered promising therapeutic targets in a wide range of conditions, ranging from cerebral diseases to cancer, including inflammatory disorders. The knowledge acquired up to date in relation to ARs, in particular regarding the molecular biology of the A3 AR has provided a solid basis that led to the proposal of this receptor as a novel therapeutic target enabling the rational design and development of potent and selective A3 AR ligands. This review attempts to summarize the most recent developments in the A3 research field, focusing in particular on Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) based studies that supported so far the design of new, potent and selective human A3 AR antagonists. In addition, a classical QSAR modeling study carried out on two series of pyrazolo-triazolopyrimidine derivatives is presented as a case study. Specifically, a systematic evaluation of linear and non-linear models along with a variety of structure representations and feature selection tools is reported. The combination of these techniques (neural networks to capture non-linear relationships in the data and feature selection to prevent over-fitting) was found to produce QSAR models with good overall accuracy and robustness, as well as predictivity on external data. Moreover, the study indicated that the antagonist activity of these derivatives is largely explained by electrostatic, steric and hydrogen-bonding factors, highlighting the role of the size, shape and type of inhibitor in forming effective blocking of the A3 AR subtype. The developed QSAR models could then be usefully employed to design new compounds selectively active towards the A3 adenosine receptor.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Luan Feng, Borges Fernanda and Natalia D. S. Cordeiro M., Recent Advances on A3 Adenosine Receptor Antagonists by QSAR Tools, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 12 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802612800166792
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802612800166792 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Neural Induction of Adult Bone Marrow and Umbilical Cord Stem Cells
Current Neurovascular Research Statin Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Resveratrol and Lifespan in Model Organisms
Current Medicinal Chemistry Quinoxalinone as a Privileged Platform in Drug Development
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Nutrition and Nutraceuticals in Neuroinflammatory and Brain Metabolic Stress: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients with Renal Insufficiency
Current Cardiology Reviews Neonatal Formulations: The Need for a Tailored, Knowledge Driven Approach
Current Pharmaceutical Design Meta-heuristic Techniques to Train Artificial Neural Networks for Medical Image Classification: A Review
Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications Recent Advances on Antitumor Agents-loaded Polymeric and Lipid-based Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Brain Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design On-line Sample Preparation for High Throughput Reversed-phase LC / MS Analysis of Combinatorial Chemistry Libraries.
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Neurocognitive Monitoring and Care During Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Bypass — Current and Future Directions
Current Cardiology Reviews ATP-Adenosine-Glutathione Cross-Linked Hemoglobin as Clinically Useful Oxygen Carrier
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Molecular Mechanisms of Impaired Endothelial Function Associated with Insulin Resistance
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Editorial [Hot topic: Cardioembolic Infarction: A Renewed Topic of Interest (Guest Editor: Adria Arboix)]
Current Cardiology Reviews Alzheimer’s Disease-like Early-phase Brain Pathogenesis: Self-curing Amelioration of Neurodegeneration from Pro-inflammatory ‘Wounding’ to Anti-inflammatory ‘Healing’
Current Alzheimer Research Novel Therapies Based on Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Cardiac Injury Following Chemo/Radiation Therapy: An Updated Review on Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Combating Obesity by Targeting Nuclear Receptors
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils of Three Algerian Lamiaceae Species
Current Nutrition & Food Science Editorial [ Hot Topic: The Blood-Brain Barrier as a Cause of Disease (Executive Editor: William A. Banks) ]
Current Pharmaceutical Design