Abstract
Anal cancer represents an increasing health problem, especially in immune-compromised patients, as HIVpositive patients. Notably, a significant higher incidence rate is reported among HIV infected patients with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). To date, no randomised trial supports the correlation between existing screening strategies and reduced progression of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) to anal cancer or improved survival. Nevertheless, screening and treatment of AIN by topical agents should be implemented in high risk population. Data on invasive anal cancer treatment show that combined modality treatment (CMT) is the treatment of choice. Early reports on HIV-positive patients describe higher treatment toxicity and a relation with lower CD4 count and higher HIV viral load. More recently, reported outcomes seem to be similar in HIV-positive population and general population. Reports on a rise in local recurrence rates and in acute side effects along with a correlation with pre-treatment CD4 counts in HIV-positive patients, are not confirmed by all authors. The development of the first approved vaccine is a milestone in the field of anogenital cancers. However, many questions are still unresolved especially as concerns immunization in the setting of HIV infection.
Keywords: AIDS, anal cancer, HAART, HIV, HPV, treatment, CMT, HIV-positive, immune-suppression, lesions
Current HIV Research
Title: Anal Cancer: Focus on HIV-Positive Patients in the HAART Era
Volume: 9 Issue: 2
Author(s): Ernesto Zanet, Massimiliano Berretta, Ferdinando Martellotta, Bruno Cacopardo, Rossella Fisichella, Marcello Tavio, Salvatore Berretta and Umberto Tirelli
Affiliation:
Keywords: AIDS, anal cancer, HAART, HIV, HPV, treatment, CMT, HIV-positive, immune-suppression, lesions
Abstract: Anal cancer represents an increasing health problem, especially in immune-compromised patients, as HIVpositive patients. Notably, a significant higher incidence rate is reported among HIV infected patients with the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). To date, no randomised trial supports the correlation between existing screening strategies and reduced progression of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) to anal cancer or improved survival. Nevertheless, screening and treatment of AIN by topical agents should be implemented in high risk population. Data on invasive anal cancer treatment show that combined modality treatment (CMT) is the treatment of choice. Early reports on HIV-positive patients describe higher treatment toxicity and a relation with lower CD4 count and higher HIV viral load. More recently, reported outcomes seem to be similar in HIV-positive population and general population. Reports on a rise in local recurrence rates and in acute side effects along with a correlation with pre-treatment CD4 counts in HIV-positive patients, are not confirmed by all authors. The development of the first approved vaccine is a milestone in the field of anogenital cancers. However, many questions are still unresolved especially as concerns immunization in the setting of HIV infection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zanet Ernesto, Berretta Massimiliano, Martellotta Ferdinando, Cacopardo Bruno, Fisichella Rossella, Tavio Marcello, Berretta Salvatore and Tirelli Umberto, Anal Cancer: Focus on HIV-Positive Patients in the HAART Era, Current HIV Research 2011; 9 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016211795569087
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016211795569087 |
Print ISSN 1570-162X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4251 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Management of HIV: Management of HIV: old challenges and new needs
The aim of this thematic issue is to provide the most recent updates regarding the effective management of HIV infection. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly decreased HIV-related mortality, leading to an enhancement in the quality of life and life expectancy for people living with HIV (PLWH). Despite the numerous advancements ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Application of Nanobioinformatics in Medical Science – A Probable Therapy
Current Bioinformatics Effects of Physical Exercise on Depressive Symptoms and Biomarkers in Depression
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets The Nuclear Overhauser Effect in the Lead Identification Process Pharmacophore Models
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Health Benefits of Honey: Implications for Treating Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Nutrition & Food Science Insights into Targeting NEMO for Pharmacological Regulation
Current Drug Targets The Study on the Fingerprint and Qualitative Analysis of Characteristic Volatile Constituens in Xihuang Pill by GC/GC-MS
Current Analytical Chemistry FoxO Transcription Factors and Regenerative Pathways in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Neurovascular Research Spectroscopy and Molecular Modeling Study on Binding of Nickel Phthalocyanine to Human Serum Albumin
Protein & Peptide Letters Preparation and Characterization of PEGylated C18 Fatty Acids/Anti-SNAP25 Antibody-Targeted Liposomes
Current Chemical Biology An Updated Review of Natural Products Intended to Prevent or Treat Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Radio-Chemotherapy
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Retracted: Potential Health Benefits of Broccoli- A Chemico-Biological Overview
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Treating Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia with Botulinum Neurotoxin
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Enzymology of Cytosolic Pyrimidine 5’-Nucleotidases: Functional Analysis and Physiopathological Implications.
Current Medicinal Chemistry Drug Delivery Systems Based on Titania Nanotubes and Active Agents for Enhanced Osseointegration of Bone Implants
Current Medicinal Chemistry Death by Insulin: Management of Self-Harm and Suicide in Diabetes Management
Current Diabetes Reviews Pharmacokinetics of Polymeric Micelles for Cancer Treatment
Current Drug Metabolism Recent Advances in the Design and Synthesis of SH2 Inhibitorsof Src, Grb2 and ZAP-70.
Current Medicinal Chemistry Factor Analysis on Adsorption Capacity of Industrial Sludge Based Activated Carbon on Dye Removal
Current Environmental Engineering Bioinorganic Chemistry: The Study of the Fate of Platinum-Based Antitumour Drugs
Current Chemical Biology An Overview on Natural Polysaccharides with Antioxidant Properties
Current Medicinal Chemistry