Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are bioactive lysophospholipid mediators with a wide variety of biological actions. G-protein-coupled receptors for LPA and S1P have been identified, and physiological and pathological significances of the lysophospholipids and their receptors are under intensive investigation. Furthermore, specific agonists and antagonists for the receptors have been developed for clinical applications. However, mechanisms underlying their production have not yet been fully elucidated. Recently, autotaxin, an exo-phosphodiesterase implicated in tumor cell migration, has been discovered as lysophospholipase D that produces LPA and S1P from lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingosylphosphorylcholine, respectively. In this article, I reviewed the structure, expression, substrate specificity, enzymatic function, specific inhibitors and pathophysiological significances of lysophospholipase D/autotaxin.
Keywords: Lysophospholipase D, autotoxin, lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine 1-phosphate, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingosylphosphorylcholine, tumor metastasis
Current Enzyme Inhibition
Title: Lysophospholipase D/Autotaxin in Lysophospholipid Biology
Volume: 3 Issue: 1
Author(s): Dong-Soon Im
Affiliation:
Keywords: Lysophospholipase D, autotoxin, lysophosphatidic acid, sphingosine 1-phosphate, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingosylphosphorylcholine, tumor metastasis
Abstract: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are bioactive lysophospholipid mediators with a wide variety of biological actions. G-protein-coupled receptors for LPA and S1P have been identified, and physiological and pathological significances of the lysophospholipids and their receptors are under intensive investigation. Furthermore, specific agonists and antagonists for the receptors have been developed for clinical applications. However, mechanisms underlying their production have not yet been fully elucidated. Recently, autotaxin, an exo-phosphodiesterase implicated in tumor cell migration, has been discovered as lysophospholipase D that produces LPA and S1P from lysophosphatidylcholine and sphingosylphosphorylcholine, respectively. In this article, I reviewed the structure, expression, substrate specificity, enzymatic function, specific inhibitors and pathophysiological significances of lysophospholipase D/autotaxin.
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Cite this article as:
Im Dong-Soon, Lysophospholipase D/Autotaxin in Lysophospholipid Biology, Current Enzyme Inhibition 2007; 3 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340807779815440
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340807779815440 |
Print ISSN 1573-4080 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6662 |
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