Abstract
Aromatic substitutions are a very important class of reaction for both the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The use of palladium as a catalyst for these types of reactions is common during the research stages of product development. Its desirable criteria include high selectivity, being compatible with many types of functional groups, typical use without protection groups and strong bases, and introduction at relatively late stages of the total synthesis. However, its use is less common in large-scale manufacture due to their cost and availability of aromatic halides at scale. In addition, palladium contamination of pharmaceutical products has to be 10 ppm or less that is difficult to achieve without strenuous and typically wastefully remediation strategies in place. In this contribution, we aim to give an overview of the use of a range of greener methodologies and catalysts trends in C-C couplings at industrial scale, with selected examples of current compounds industrially produced via such reactions.
Keywords: Green Chemistry, pharmaceutical, leaching, palladium, heterogeneous catalysis, C-C couplings, scale-up applications
Current Organic Synthesis
Title: Industrial Applications of C-C Coupling Reactions
Volume: 7 Issue: 6
Author(s): Vitaliy L. Budarin, Peter S. Shuttleworth, James H. Clark and Rafael Luque
Affiliation:
Keywords: Green Chemistry, pharmaceutical, leaching, palladium, heterogeneous catalysis, C-C couplings, scale-up applications
Abstract: Aromatic substitutions are a very important class of reaction for both the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The use of palladium as a catalyst for these types of reactions is common during the research stages of product development. Its desirable criteria include high selectivity, being compatible with many types of functional groups, typical use without protection groups and strong bases, and introduction at relatively late stages of the total synthesis. However, its use is less common in large-scale manufacture due to their cost and availability of aromatic halides at scale. In addition, palladium contamination of pharmaceutical products has to be 10 ppm or less that is difficult to achieve without strenuous and typically wastefully remediation strategies in place. In this contribution, we aim to give an overview of the use of a range of greener methodologies and catalysts trends in C-C couplings at industrial scale, with selected examples of current compounds industrially produced via such reactions.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
L. Budarin Vitaliy, S. Shuttleworth Peter, H. Clark James and Luque Rafael, Industrial Applications of C-C Coupling Reactions, Current Organic Synthesis 2010; 7 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157017910794328529
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157017910794328529 |
Print ISSN 1570-1794 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6271 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Exploring the Role of Chemical Graph Theory in Advancing Current Organic Synthesis
Organic synthesis is a fundamental discipline in chemistry, crucial for the creation of complex molecules with diverse applications in pharmaceuticals, materials science, and beyond. However, the process of designing efficient synthetic routes for target molecules remains challenging. Chemical graph theory, a branch of theoretical chemistry, offers powerful tools for understanding ...read more
Photoswitches for Molecular Recognition
This Special Issue would cover the hot topics on synthesis and chemical and photophysical characterization of new photoswitchable derivatives and their applications on molecular recognition of metabolites and biological active compounds, both in physiological medium and in living cells. Photoswitches are compounds that can change their conformation or properties in ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Prophylactic and Therapeutic Approaches Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Infective Agents Assessment of Mortality Risk in Elderly Persons with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Diagnosed with Pneumonia
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Multimodality Imaging for Interventional Cardiology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Microcirculation in Sepsis: New Perspectives
Current Vascular Pharmacology Indole-3-Carbinol (I3C) and its Major Derivatives: Their Pharmacokinetics and Important Roles in Hepatic Protection
Current Drug Metabolism Perioperative Management of Antiplatelet-Drugs in Cardiac Surgery
Current Cardiology Reviews Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Interacting Proteins (mAChRIPs): Targeting the Receptorsome
Current Drug Targets Promiscuous Biological Features of Newly Emerged SARS-CoV-2 Facilitate its Unrestrained Outbreak: An Update
Coronaviruses Centralized and Local Color Doppler Ultrasound Reading Agreement for Diagnosis of the Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Current Neurovascular Research Advances in Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vector Research
Current Gene Therapy Involvement of the P2X7 Purinergic Receptor in Inflammation: An Update of Antagonists Series Since 2009 and their Promising Therapeutic Potential
Current Medicinal Chemistry Glucose Blood Levels as a Therapeutic Target in Acute Ischaemic Stroke Setting
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Ventricular Arrhythmias in Seniors with Heart Failure: Present Dilemmas and Therapeutic Considerations: A Systematic Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Anti Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα) Therapy in Ankylosing Spondylitis - Asian Perspective
Current Rheumatology Reviews NAADP Signaling Revisited
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Pancreatic Cancer: Promises and Failures of Target Therapies
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived-Exosomes as Effective Factors in Reducing Cytokine Storm Symptoms of COVID-19
Protein & Peptide Letters C/EBP Transcription Factors in Lung Disease
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Endothelins Role in the Control of the Acute Phase of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Analytical Techniques in Androgen Anabolic Steroids (AASs) Analysis for Antidoping and Forensic Purposes
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry