Abstract
This review considers the actions of an endogenously produced molecule, melatonin, on heart diseases. Recent research has shown that inflammation plays a key role in coronary heart disease (CHD) and other manifestations of atherosclerosis. Immune cells dominate early atherosclerotic lesions, their effector molecules accelerate progression of the lesions and activation of inflammation can elicit acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Scientific evidence from the last 15 years has suggested that melatonin has positive effects on the cardiovascular system. The presence of vascular melatoninergic receptor binding sites has been demonstrated; these receptors are functionally linked to vasoconstrictor or vasodilatory effects of melatonin. It has been shown that patients with CHD have a low melatonin production rate, especially those with higher risk of cardiac infarction and /or sudden death. Similarly to other organs and systems, the cardiovascular system exhibits diurnal and seasonal rhythms, including those in the heart rate, cardiac output and blood pressure. The suprachiasmatic nuclei of hypothalamus and, possibly, the melatoninergic system modulate the cardiovascular rhythms. The melatonin attenuates molecular and cellular damages resulting from cardiac ischemia/reperfusion in which destructive free radicals are involved. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of melatonin are also involved in the protection against vascular disease, i.e. atherosclerosis. The current brief summary of the literature provides an overview on the role of melatonin in the ACS.
Keywords: Melatonin, acute coronary syndrome, atherosclerosis, inflammation, diurnal variations, ischemia/reperfusion, coronary artery disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Clinical Aspects of Melatonin in the Acute Coronary Syndrome
Volume: 7 Issue: 3
Author(s): Alberto Dominguez-Rodriguez, Pedro Abreu-Gonzalez and Russel J. Reiter
Affiliation:
Keywords: Melatonin, acute coronary syndrome, atherosclerosis, inflammation, diurnal variations, ischemia/reperfusion, coronary artery disease
Abstract: This review considers the actions of an endogenously produced molecule, melatonin, on heart diseases. Recent research has shown that inflammation plays a key role in coronary heart disease (CHD) and other manifestations of atherosclerosis. Immune cells dominate early atherosclerotic lesions, their effector molecules accelerate progression of the lesions and activation of inflammation can elicit acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Scientific evidence from the last 15 years has suggested that melatonin has positive effects on the cardiovascular system. The presence of vascular melatoninergic receptor binding sites has been demonstrated; these receptors are functionally linked to vasoconstrictor or vasodilatory effects of melatonin. It has been shown that patients with CHD have a low melatonin production rate, especially those with higher risk of cardiac infarction and /or sudden death. Similarly to other organs and systems, the cardiovascular system exhibits diurnal and seasonal rhythms, including those in the heart rate, cardiac output and blood pressure. The suprachiasmatic nuclei of hypothalamus and, possibly, the melatoninergic system modulate the cardiovascular rhythms. The melatonin attenuates molecular and cellular damages resulting from cardiac ischemia/reperfusion in which destructive free radicals are involved. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of melatonin are also involved in the protection against vascular disease, i.e. atherosclerosis. The current brief summary of the literature provides an overview on the role of melatonin in the ACS.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Dominguez-Rodriguez Alberto, Abreu-Gonzalez Pedro and Reiter J. Russel, Clinical Aspects of Melatonin in the Acute Coronary Syndrome, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2009; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016109788340749
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016109788340749 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
New Insight into Urate-Related Mechanism of Cardiovascular Damage
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Metabolic Fate of Apple Polyphenols in Humans
Current Nutrition & Food Science Challenges and Perspectives of Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Stage A: Can Heart Failure Be Prevented?
Current Cardiology Reviews Current Evidence for Antithrombotic Therapy after Peripheral Vascular Interventions
Current Vascular Pharmacology Fibroblast Growth Factors, Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptors, Diseases, and Drugs
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery The Effects of Vitamin B in Depression
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Connection Between C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Diabetic Vasculopathy. Focus on Preclinical Findings
Current Diabetes Reviews Wave Intensity Analysis in the Human Coronary Circulation in Health and Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews When Cells Become a Drug. Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Cardiovascular Therapy: Aims and Reality
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Investigating the Associations between Mediterranean Diet, Physical Activity and Living Environment with Childhood Asthma using Path Analysis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Psychosocial Factors and Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence-Based Treatment Guidelines
Current Diabetes Reviews Antiplatelet Therapy and Oral Anticoagulation for Prevention of Ischemic Stroke
Current Drug Therapy Novel Ligands: Fine Tuning the Transcriptional Activity of the Glucocorticoid Receptor
Current Pharmaceutical Design Platelet Function and Antiplatelet Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease: Implications of Genetic Polymorphisms
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cross-Talk Between Adipose Tissue Health, Myocardial Metabolism and Vascular Function: The Adipose-Myocardial and Adipose-Vascular Axes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Coumarin Compounds in Medicinal Chemistry: Some Important Examples from the Last Years
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Drug and Medical Device Interactions: Stent Thrombosis and Personalizing Clopidogrel Therapy
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine A Review of the Relationships Between Endogenous Sex Steroids and Incident Ischemic Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease Events
Current Cardiology Reviews Current Concepts on Prenatal Diagnosis and Management of Fetal Tachyarrythmias
Current Cardiology Reviews