Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and developing world. Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that a number of interventions including brief periods of ischemia or hypoxia and certain endogenous factors such as opioids, bradykinin, growth factors or pharmacological agents are capable of protecting the heart against post-ischemic contractile dysfunction, arrhythmias and myocardial infarction. This conventional cardioprotection occurs via an autocrine or paracrine action in which these protective factors are released from the heart to act upon itself. Over the last ten years, a growing body of evidence indicates that a brief ischemic insult on one organ releases endogenous factors that protect other organs against a prolonged ischemic insult. This phenomenon, termed remote preconditioning or preconditioning at a distance, implicates an endocrine action, and may involve humoral or neuralendocrine signaling. This review will summarize the endocrine factors identified and implicated in this inter-organ cytoprotection.
Keywords: Remote preconditioning, humoral, neurogenic, ischemia-reperfusion injury, endocrine factors, experimental studies, clinical studies
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Remote Preconditioning- Endocrine Factors in Organ Protection Against Ischemic Injury
Volume: 7 Issue: 3
Author(s): Craig S. Bolte, Siyun Liao, Garrett J. Gross and Jo El J. Schultz
Affiliation:
Keywords: Remote preconditioning, humoral, neurogenic, ischemia-reperfusion injury, endocrine factors, experimental studies, clinical studies
Abstract: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and developing world. Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that a number of interventions including brief periods of ischemia or hypoxia and certain endogenous factors such as opioids, bradykinin, growth factors or pharmacological agents are capable of protecting the heart against post-ischemic contractile dysfunction, arrhythmias and myocardial infarction. This conventional cardioprotection occurs via an autocrine or paracrine action in which these protective factors are released from the heart to act upon itself. Over the last ten years, a growing body of evidence indicates that a brief ischemic insult on one organ releases endogenous factors that protect other organs against a prolonged ischemic insult. This phenomenon, termed remote preconditioning or preconditioning at a distance, implicates an endocrine action, and may involve humoral or neuralendocrine signaling. This review will summarize the endocrine factors identified and implicated in this inter-organ cytoprotection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Bolte S. Craig, Liao Siyun, Gross J. Garrett and Schultz J. Jo El, Remote Preconditioning- Endocrine Factors in Organ Protection Against Ischemic Injury, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2007; 7 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153007781662585
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153007781662585 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Inhibitors of Nitrogen Oxide Species Production in Animal Models of Inflammation and Future Directions for Therapy in Inflammatory Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Neurotrophic Factors - A Tool for Therapeutic Strategies in Neurological,Neuropsychiatric and Neuroimmunological Diseases?
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Gut and Intestinal Bacteria in Chronic Heart Failure
Current Drug Metabolism Obesity, Hypertension and Hypercholesterolemia as Risk Factors for Atherosclerosis Leading to Ischemic Events
Current Medicinal Chemistry Vascular Endothelin and Hypertension - From Receptors to Medicine
Current Hypertension Reviews Matrix Metalloproteinases as Potential Targets in the Venous Dilation Associated with Varicose Veins
Current Drug Targets The Potential Role of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme and Vasopeptidase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy
Current Drug Targets Soy Isoflavones and Cardiovascular Health: An Update
Current Nutrition & Food Science Antioxidants in Treating Pathologies Involving Oxidative Damage: An Update on Medicinal Chemistry and Biological Activity of Stobadine and Related Pyridoindoles
Current Medicinal Chemistry Transcatheter Embolization Therapy in Liver Cancer
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Superior Mesenteric Venous (SMV) Thrombosis Accompanied with Appendicitis in a Patient with Primary Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets FTY720 (Fingolimod) Ameliorates Brain Injury through Multiple Mechanisms and is a Strong Candidate for Stroke Treatment
Current Medicinal Chemistry Application of Microdialysis in Clinical Pharmacology
Current Clinical Pharmacology Adverse Reactions Induced by Minocycline: A Review of Literature
Current Drug Safety Pediatrics for Disability: A Comprehensive Approach to Children with Syndromic Psychomotor Delay
Current Pediatric Reviews Neurovascular Complications of Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS): From Pathophysiology to Recent Treatment Options
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Role of Chemokines and Their Receptors in Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Regulation of Angiotensin II Receptor Expression
Current Pharmaceutical Design Efficacy of Chemoembolization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Drug Eluting Beads
Recent Patents and Topics on Imaging (Discontinued) Brain Perfusion In Sepsis
Current Vascular Pharmacology