Abstract
Seizures is one of the most common neurological disorders in clinical medicine. Triggering mechanisms by which seizures form remain unclear, but are related to a rapid change in ionic composition, including an increase of intracellular potassium concentration and pH shifts within the brain. pH buffering of extra- and intracellular spaces is mainly carried out by the CO2 / HCO3 - buffer, the equilibration of the two species being assured by the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Some carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are used as anticonvulsants in the treatment of epilepsy. In this review, we will describe the link between CA and seizures on the basis of several putative mechanisms. Several CA isozymes have been pointed out for their contribution to epileptiform activity. An overview of the CA isozyme expression in the brain and of their specifics roles is also discussed. This article reviews the research achievements published on CA inhibitors, clinically used as anticonvulsant and those under development.
Keywords: Carbonic anhydrase, brain, seizures, epilepsy, pH, GABA (γ-aminobutyric), sulfonamides
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors as Anticonvulsant Agents
Volume: 7 Issue: 9
Author(s): Anne Thiry, Jean-Michel Dogne, Claudiu T. Supuran and Bernard Masereel
Affiliation:
Keywords: Carbonic anhydrase, brain, seizures, epilepsy, pH, GABA (γ-aminobutyric), sulfonamides
Abstract: Seizures is one of the most common neurological disorders in clinical medicine. Triggering mechanisms by which seizures form remain unclear, but are related to a rapid change in ionic composition, including an increase of intracellular potassium concentration and pH shifts within the brain. pH buffering of extra- and intracellular spaces is mainly carried out by the CO2 / HCO3 - buffer, the equilibration of the two species being assured by the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1). Some carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) are used as anticonvulsants in the treatment of epilepsy. In this review, we will describe the link between CA and seizures on the basis of several putative mechanisms. Several CA isozymes have been pointed out for their contribution to epileptiform activity. An overview of the CA isozyme expression in the brain and of their specifics roles is also discussed. This article reviews the research achievements published on CA inhibitors, clinically used as anticonvulsant and those under development.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Thiry Anne, Dogne Jean-Michel, Supuran T. Claudiu and Masereel Bernard, Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors as Anticonvulsant Agents, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 7 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802607780636726
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802607780636726 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Evolution of the Human Ion Channel Set
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Spatio-Temporal Fluctuations of Neural Dynamics in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Potential Strategies for Minimizing Mechanism-Based Inhibition of Cytochrome P450 3A4
Current Pharmaceutical Design Diagnostic Biomarkers of Epilepsy
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Editorial: [Hot Topic: Central Nervous System Drugs in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders]
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Design, Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of N3 Aryl/ Heteroaryl Substituted 2-((Benzyloxy and Phenylthio) Methyl) 6,7- dimethoxyquinazolin-4(3H)-ones as Potential Anticonvulsant Agents
Medicinal Chemistry Annexins in the Central Nervous System: Are they Neuroprotective or Proapoptotic Agents?
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Regulation of Self-Reactive T Cells by Human Immunoglobulins- Implications for Multiple Sclerosis Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Role of Wnt Signaling in the Control of Adult Hippocampal Functioning in Health and Disease: Therapeutic Implications
Current Neuropharmacology Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Signalling and its Implication in Neurological Disease
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Current Quest in Natural Bioactive Compounds for Alzheimer’s Disease: Multi-Targeted-Designed-Ligand Based Approach with Preclinical and Clinical Based Evidence
Current Drug Targets Neurotrophin Receptor Signaling as a Therapeutic Target for Huntington's Disease
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Neurotransmitter Regulation of Adult Neurogenesis: Putative Therapeutic Targets
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Integrated Application of Enhanced Replacement Method and Ensemble Learning for the Prediction of BCRP/ABCG2 Substrates
Current Bioinformatics Design, Synthesis and in silico Studies of New 5-substituted-2-(2-(5-aryl- 1H-1, 2, 4-triazole-3-ylthio) acetyl) Hydrazine Carbothioamide/ Carboxamides for Anticonvulsant Activity
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Cofactors and Metabolites as Protein Folding Helpers in Metabolic Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Modulation of Potassium Channels as a Therapeutic Approach
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting Histone Deacetylases for the Treatment of Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Teratogenic Effects of Third-generation Antiepileptic Drug, Pregabalin: An In vivo Study
Current Drug Safety Neuroactive Steroids as Endogenous Modulators of Anxiety
Current Pharmaceutical Design