Abstract
Intracellular lipid homeostasis is regulated by multiple mechanisms devoted to the tight control of cholesterol levels. Cholesterol efflux to extracellular acceptors represents a cellular response to excess accumulation of lipids that occurs by both passive and active processes and was shown to exert a beneficial, antiatherosclerotic activity. Up to now 3 lipid transporters responsible for cholesterol removal from cells have been characterized: ATP Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP Binding Cassette G1 (ABCG1) and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI). These proteins widely differ in the pathway of efflux they mediate, as well as in the nature of extracellular acceptors they interact with. The experimental investigation of cholesterol efflux pathways can be efficiently performed in vitro, following precise criteria in the selection of cell types and extracellular acceptors to specifically investigate the mechanism involved. The aim of this review is to describe how lipid transporter-mediated cholesterol efflux influences the intracellular trafficking of cholesterol and to provide methodological considerations for experimental evaluation of this process.
Keywords: apolipoproteins, ATP binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP binding cassette G1 (ABCG1), cholesterol, HDL, scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), antiatherosclerotic activity, multiple mechanisms, cholesterol efflux pathways, eukaryotic cell membranes, lipid efflux, Atherosclerosis originates, macrophage apoptosis and necrosis, endogenous synthesis
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title: Cellular Cholesterol Efflux Pathways: Impact on Intracellular Lipid Trafficking and Methodological Considerations
Volume: 13 Issue: 2
Author(s): Ilaria Zanotti, Elda Favari and Franco Bernini
Affiliation:
Keywords: apolipoproteins, ATP binding cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP binding cassette G1 (ABCG1), cholesterol, HDL, scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), antiatherosclerotic activity, multiple mechanisms, cholesterol efflux pathways, eukaryotic cell membranes, lipid efflux, Atherosclerosis originates, macrophage apoptosis and necrosis, endogenous synthesis
Abstract: Intracellular lipid homeostasis is regulated by multiple mechanisms devoted to the tight control of cholesterol levels. Cholesterol efflux to extracellular acceptors represents a cellular response to excess accumulation of lipids that occurs by both passive and active processes and was shown to exert a beneficial, antiatherosclerotic activity. Up to now 3 lipid transporters responsible for cholesterol removal from cells have been characterized: ATP Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1), ATP Binding Cassette G1 (ABCG1) and Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I (SR-BI). These proteins widely differ in the pathway of efflux they mediate, as well as in the nature of extracellular acceptors they interact with. The experimental investigation of cholesterol efflux pathways can be efficiently performed in vitro, following precise criteria in the selection of cell types and extracellular acceptors to specifically investigate the mechanism involved. The aim of this review is to describe how lipid transporter-mediated cholesterol efflux influences the intracellular trafficking of cholesterol and to provide methodological considerations for experimental evaluation of this process.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zanotti Ilaria, Favari Elda and Bernini Franco, Cellular Cholesterol Efflux Pathways: Impact on Intracellular Lipid Trafficking and Methodological Considerations, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2012; 13 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920112799095383
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920112799095383 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that analyzes and explores biological data. This field combines biology and information system. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has attracted great attention as it tries to replicate human intelligence. It has become common technology for analyzing and solving complex data and problems and encompasses sub-fields of machine ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Preface
Current Medicinal Chemistry Imaging Reporters and Multimodal Molecular Bio-Imaging: A Database of Available Probes for Multi-Modality Bio-Imaging of Reporter Gene Expression
Recent Patents on Medical Imaging Bioaccessibility of Bioactive Compounds and Prebiotic Properties of Fruit and Vegetable By-products - A Mini Review
Current Bioactive Compounds 3D QSAR Studies on Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives as Angiotensin II-AT<sub>1</sub> Receptor Antagonist
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design Bone Disease in Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Rational Targeting of Peroxisome Proliferating Activated Receptor Subtypes
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Pivotal Role of Nitric Oxide: Effects on the Nervous and Immune Systems
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cardiovascular Effects of Hypoglycemic Agents in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Drug Safety Improving Antihypertensive Agent Selection to Promote Nephroprotection
Current Hypertension Reviews Impact of Oral 1,25-Dihydroxy Vitamin D (Calcitriol) Replacement Therapy on Coronary Artery Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Renin-angiotensin System Blockers and Modulation of Radiation-Induced Brain Injury
Current Drug Targets Phycobilins and Phycobiliproteins Used in Food Industry and Medicine
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Fetal Risks of Maternal Diabetes
Current Women`s Health Reviews Cognitive and Functional Influences of Vildagliptin, a DPP-4 Inhibitor, Added to Ongoing Metformin Therapy in Elderly with Type 2 Diabetes
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Inflammatory Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review
Recent Patents on Biomarkers VEGF Signal System: The Application of Antiangiogenesis
Current Medicinal Chemistry VEGF/VEGFR Pathway Inhibitors as Anti-Angiogenic Agents: Present and Future
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Role of AGEs and AGE Inhibitors in Diabetic Cardiovascular Disease
Current Drug Targets Renoprotective Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors: Beyond Glucose Reabsorption Inhibition
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pharmacological Management Options to Prevent and Reduce Ischemic Hemorrhagic Transformation
Current Drug Targets