Current Progress in Antifibroitcs

S.      A.A. El Bialy; K.      F. Abd El Kader; M.      B. El-Ashmawy

Abstract

After years of viewing cirrhosis as the irreversible end-stage of liver fibrosis, it has been shown recently that the possibility of its reversal is no longer a dream. Several studies on experimental animal models showed possible spontaneous resolution of fibrosis after the removal of fibrogenic stimulus. Similar results were also observed in human patients with liver fibrosis due to autoimmune hepatitis and biliary etiology. However, the need for other means of treatment is urgent, especially when the removal of the causative factor is unlikely. Recent antifibrotic strategies were designed to target one or more of the three stages involved in the process of fibrosis. These are the triggering stage, fibrogenesis, and extracellular matrix accumulation. In this review, the classification of the current drugs or agents that showed inhibition of one or more of fibrosis stages with their chemical synthesis are presented.

Keywords: Antifibrotics, fibrosis, cirrhosis, fibrogenesis, extracellular matrix accumulation, epigenetic therapy, Hepatic stellate cells (HSC), fibrogenesis inhibitors, MMPs, Prolyl-4-hydroxylase, fibrogenesis triggers