Abstract
Vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, thromboembolic disorders and stroke, in addition to surgical procedures such as restenosis, all share the plasminogen activator system as a central component in the pathogenesis of vascular injury. Since the development of plasminogen deficient mice our knowledge of the effects of this proteolytic system in cardiovascular disease has vastly increased. The plasminogen activator system plays a key role in vascular homeostasis and constitutes a critical response mechanism to cardiovascular injury. The central components of the PA system are the proteolytic activators, urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen (plg) and its degradation product, plasmin, together with the major inhibitors of this system, plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1 and -2 (PAI-1, PAI-2). An extensive network of additional proteases, inhibitors, receptors and modulators directly associate and are influenced by the PA system, the largest group being the Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their respective inhibitors the Tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPS).
Keywords: Plasminogen activators, vascular disease, urokinase
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Plasminogen Activator System and Vascular Disease
Volume: 4 Issue: 2
Author(s): Suzanne M. Nicholl, Elisa Roztocil and Mark G. Davies
Affiliation:
Keywords: Plasminogen activators, vascular disease, urokinase
Abstract: Vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, thromboembolic disorders and stroke, in addition to surgical procedures such as restenosis, all share the plasminogen activator system as a central component in the pathogenesis of vascular injury. Since the development of plasminogen deficient mice our knowledge of the effects of this proteolytic system in cardiovascular disease has vastly increased. The plasminogen activator system plays a key role in vascular homeostasis and constitutes a critical response mechanism to cardiovascular injury. The central components of the PA system are the proteolytic activators, urokinase-plasminogen activator (u-PA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen (plg) and its degradation product, plasmin, together with the major inhibitors of this system, plasminogen activator inhibitor- 1 and -2 (PAI-1, PAI-2). An extensive network of additional proteases, inhibitors, receptors and modulators directly associate and are influenced by the PA system, the largest group being the Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their respective inhibitors the Tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPS).
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Nicholl M. Suzanne, Roztocil Elisa and Davies G. Mark, Plasminogen Activator System and Vascular Disease, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2006; 4 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016106776359880
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016106776359880 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy
Ischemic cardiovascular disease includes myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, angina pectoris, etc., constitute the leading cause of patient mortality by preventing tissues from getting sufficient oxygen and nutrients. Ischemic heart disease, as a clinical condition, is characterized by myocardial ischemia, causing an imbalance between myocardial blood supply and demand, ...read more
TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE
Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Prognostic Role of Sub-Clinical Hypothyroidism in Chronic Heart Failure Outpatients
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Essential Hypertension
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Assessing Cardiovascular Risk in Patients with Diabetes: An Update
Current Cardiology Reviews Ligustrazine Derivatives. Part 8: Design, Synthesis, and Preliminary Biological Evaluation of Novel Ligustrazinyl Amides as Cardiovascular Agents
Medicinal Chemistry Minimally-Invasive and Non-Invasive Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems: Indications, Advantages, Limitations and Clinical Aspects
Current Diabetes Reviews Perioperative B-blockers in Non-cardiac Surgery: Actual Situation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Biology and Pharmacology of the Platelet P2Y12 Receptor
Current Pharmaceutical Design Multi-Constituent Cardiovascular Pills (MCCP) - Challenges and Promises of Population-Based Prophylactic Drug Therapy for Prevention of Heart Attack
Current Pharmaceutical Design New Approaches in the Treatment of Overactive Bladder: Targeting Adrenergic Receptors and Neurokinin Receptors
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Central Nervous System Agents The Influence of Erythropoietin and Proinflammatory Cytokines in the Development of Cerebral Palsy
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Gender Differences in Ischemic Heart Disease
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Rationally Designed Multitarget Agents Against Inflammation and Pain
Current Medicinal Chemistry Patents in Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia
Recent Patents on Biomarkers Dual Acting Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Differential Influence of Carotid Stenosis and White Matter Disease on Motor and Cognitive Activation
Current Alzheimer Research The Peri-Viable Baby Down Under - An Australian Perspective on the "Grey Zone" of Viability
Current Pediatric Reviews Current Concepts in the Management of Diabetic Polyneuropathy
Current Diabetes Reviews The Role of Thrombomodulin in Atherosclerosis: From Bench to Bedside
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Approaching Neurological Diseases to Reduce Mobility Limitations in Older Persons
Current Pharmaceutical Design Integrated Nutritional Supports for Diabetic Patients During COVID-19 Infection: A Comprehensive Review
Current Diabetes Reviews