Abstract
Indirect effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and metabolites on the cardiac cells are well-known, the mechanism(s) underlying direct MDMA-induced cardiotoxicity remaining to be clarified. To better understand the immuno-inflammatory phenomena accompanying the cardiac alterations during MDMA administration, we conducted a study in an in vivo animal model to evaluate the cellular morphological alterations related to the biological response between MDMA administration and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1). A total of 25 male rats were used. The effects were evaluated at 6, 16 and 24hours after a single dose MDMA administered (20 mg/kg i.p.). We found high levels of the cardioinhibitory cytokines in rat heart after 3 and 6hs from MDMA administration. Strongest reaction was observed at 24hs for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10 and for MCP-1. Furthermore, we still determined the presence of MDMA and MDA in the plasma of rats treated with MDMA intra-peritoneal single injection; it was present as early at 6hs and still present 24hs after treatment. Western blot analysis in cardiac samples demonstrated the IL-1β and IL-6 reactions in rats died spontaneously at fourth hour. The rise of the selective cardioinhibitory cytokines may be interpreted as the adaptive response of jeopardized myocardium to the cardiac dysfunction resulting from MDMA injection.
Keywords: Cytochines, ecstasy, myocardial necrosis, rat model, interleukins, cytokines
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Title: Myocardial Expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and MCP-1 After a Single MDMA Dose Administered in a Rat Model
Volume: 11 Issue: 5
Author(s): Margherita Neri, Stefania Bello, Alessandro Bonsignore, Fabio Centini, Carmela Fiore, Zeno Foldes-Papp, Emanuela Turillazzi and Vittorio Fineschi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cytochines, ecstasy, myocardial necrosis, rat model, interleukins, cytokines
Abstract: Indirect effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and metabolites on the cardiac cells are well-known, the mechanism(s) underlying direct MDMA-induced cardiotoxicity remaining to be clarified. To better understand the immuno-inflammatory phenomena accompanying the cardiac alterations during MDMA administration, we conducted a study in an in vivo animal model to evaluate the cellular morphological alterations related to the biological response between MDMA administration and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1). A total of 25 male rats were used. The effects were evaluated at 6, 16 and 24hours after a single dose MDMA administered (20 mg/kg i.p.). We found high levels of the cardioinhibitory cytokines in rat heart after 3 and 6hs from MDMA administration. Strongest reaction was observed at 24hs for TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, 8, 10 and for MCP-1. Furthermore, we still determined the presence of MDMA and MDA in the plasma of rats treated with MDMA intra-peritoneal single injection; it was present as early at 6hs and still present 24hs after treatment. Western blot analysis in cardiac samples demonstrated the IL-1β and IL-6 reactions in rats died spontaneously at fourth hour. The rise of the selective cardioinhibitory cytokines may be interpreted as the adaptive response of jeopardized myocardium to the cardiac dysfunction resulting from MDMA injection.
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Neri Margherita, Bello Stefania, Bonsignore Alessandro, Centini Fabio, Fiore Carmela, Foldes-Papp Zeno, Turillazzi Emanuela and Fineschi Vittorio, Myocardial Expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and MCP-1 After a Single MDMA Dose Administered in a Rat Model, Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 2010; 11 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920110791591517
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920110791591517 |
Print ISSN 1389-2010 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4316 |
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