Abstract
Oxidants play a significant role in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders such as inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, psoriasis and contact dermatitis leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may be defined as an imbalance between cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms. ROS (e.g., superoxide radical, peroxynitryl, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are constantly produced as a result of metabolic reactions in living systems. The aim of this review is to describe recent developments in the study of antioxidants and their role in preventing the formation of ROS. The processes associated with inflammatory responses are complex and often involve ROS. There are many mediators, which initiate and amplify the inflammatory response such as histamine, serotonin, pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1B (IL-1b) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)), inflammatory cells (leukotrienes, macrophages), metabolic products of arachidonic acid (thomboxane A2, prostaglandins and leukotrienes). The first part of this review focuses on the role of ROS in inflammation. The second part concerns synthetic antioxidants with antiinflammatory activity, and the third part addresses naturally occurring antioxidants with antiinflammatory activity.
Keywords: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory activity, DPPH, leukotriene, prostaglandins, carrageenan
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
Title: Antioxidants and Inflammatory Disease: Synthetic and Natural Antioxidants with Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Volume: 9 Issue: 6
Author(s): Athina A. Geronikaki and Antonios M. Gavalas
Affiliation:
Keywords: Reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory activity, DPPH, leukotriene, prostaglandins, carrageenan
Abstract: Oxidants play a significant role in the pathogenesis of a number of disorders such as inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, psoriasis and contact dermatitis leading to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress may be defined as an imbalance between cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defense mechanisms. ROS (e.g., superoxide radical, peroxynitryl, hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide) are constantly produced as a result of metabolic reactions in living systems. The aim of this review is to describe recent developments in the study of antioxidants and their role in preventing the formation of ROS. The processes associated with inflammatory responses are complex and often involve ROS. There are many mediators, which initiate and amplify the inflammatory response such as histamine, serotonin, pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1B (IL-1b) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)), inflammatory cells (leukotrienes, macrophages), metabolic products of arachidonic acid (thomboxane A2, prostaglandins and leukotrienes). The first part of this review focuses on the role of ROS in inflammation. The second part concerns synthetic antioxidants with antiinflammatory activity, and the third part addresses naturally occurring antioxidants with antiinflammatory activity.
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Cite this article as:
Geronikaki A. Athina and Gavalas M. Antonios, Antioxidants and Inflammatory Disease: Synthetic and Natural Antioxidants with Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 2006; 9 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138620706777698481
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138620706777698481 |
Print ISSN 1386-2073 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5402 |
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