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Protein & Peptide Letters

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ISSN (Print): 0929-8665
ISSN (Online): 1875-5305

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Research Article

A Temporin Derived Peptide Showing Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities against Staphylococcus aureus

Author(s): Meidi An, Ran Guo, Shenghong Xie, Jialu Wang, Yanting Song, Rong Wang, Wenying Jiang, Shuangshuang Wei* and Yingxia Zhang*

Volume 30, Issue 2, 2023

Published on: 28 December, 2022

Page: [183 - 192] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/0929866530666221202123011

open access plus

Abstract

Background: Temporin is one family of the shortest antimicrobial peptides found in Ranidae frogs. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the main pathogens of suppurative diseases and food contamination, causing severe local or systemic infections in humans. Temporin-GHa (GHa) was previously obtained from Hylarana guentheri, showing weak antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Most temporin peptides are positively charged by arginine and lysine; however, GHa contains histidine.

Objective: In order to investigate the impact of positively charged amino acid on its antibacterial and antibiofilm activity, GHa4R was designed and synthesized by replacing histidine with arginine in GHa.

Methods: The antibacterial activity and efficacy against S. aureus were detected by minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and time-killing kinetics assays. The action mechanism was determined by propidium iodide uptake and scanning electron microscopy assays. The antibiofilm activity was measured by the MTT method. Eradication of biofilm was observed by fluorescence microscope.

Results: Compared to GHa, GHa4R had stronger antibacterial activity and bactericidal efficacy against S. aureus. Impressively, GHa4R presented antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). It was barely affected by temperature, pH, and storage period, showing high stability. Furthermore, it increased the permeability of the cell membrane and damaged the membrane integrity, leading to cell death. In addition, GHa4R did not induce antibiotic resistance in S. aureus in 30 days, but the MIC of vancomycin was doubled. It not only inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation but also eradicated 24 h-biofilms.

Conclusion: The above-mentioned characteristics make GHa4R a promising candidate for the treatment of S. aureus infections.

Keywords: Antimicrobial agents, peptides, Staphylococcus aureus, antibiofilm, temporin, membrane permeability.

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