Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1568-0266
ISSN (Online): 1873-4294

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Current Frontiers

Traditional Uses, Pharmacological, and Phytochemical Studies of Euphorbia: A Review

Author(s): Smail Amtaghri, Mourad Akdad, Miloudia Slaoui and Mohamed Eddouks*

Volume 22, Issue 19, 2022

Published on: 27 July, 2022

Page: [1553 - 1570] Pages: 18

DOI: 10.2174/1568026622666220713143436

Price: $65

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Plants of the genus Euphorbia have long been used as traditional medicine in China, Europe, America, Turkey, India, Africa, Iran, and Pakistan for their great medicinal value and health benefits. Their stems, leaves, roots, and latex are widely used to treat respiratory infections, body and skin irritations, digestive disorders, inflammatory infections, body pain, snake or scorpion bites, pregnancy, sensory disturbances, microbial and anticancer diseases.

Objectives: This review aims to provide updated information on the genus Euphorbia, including traditional medicinal uses, valuation and exploitation of medicinal plants, phytochemistry, botanical characterization, pharmacological and toxicological research focused on the medicinal properties of several Euphorbias in particular their antibacterial, anti-tumor, and cell manifestations, in addition to the effect of each isolated bioactive molecule from these species and their pharmacological use including preclinical evaluation of new drugs.

Materials and Methods: This work was conducted using scientific databases such as: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Science Direct, etc. In addition, ChemDraw software has been used for the drawing of chemical molecules. The correct names of the plants were confirmed from plantlist.org. The results of this review research were interpreted, analyzed and documented based on the bibliographical information obtained.

Results: Among all the species of the Euphorbiaceae family, 15 species have been demonstrated to exhibit anticancer activity, 21 species have antibacterial activity, and 10 species have cytotoxic activity. The majority of the chemical constituents of this plant include triterpenoid glycosides, diterpenoids, flavonoids, and the 4α-methyl steroids. Among them, the main bioactive constituents are present in the diterpenoid fraction. The study of more than 33 steroid plants identified more than 104 compounds. Pharmacological research proved that the crude extracts and some pure compounds obtained from Euphorbia had activities for the treatment of different diseases. The objective of the present study was focused on cytotoxic, antibacterial and antitumor diseases. The study of the phytochemistry of the Euphorbia families led to the conclusion that all the plants studied had active compounds, of which 27 plants were characterized by their cytotoxic effects, 7 had antibacterial effects and 10 plants had anti-tumor activities. Therefore, the safety of Euphorbia herbal medicine should be considered a top priority in the early stages of development and clinical trials.

Conclusion: Many previous studies have validated many traditional uses of Euphorbia species. The latex of some Euphorbia species seems to be toxic however, studies dealing with the safety and quality of these species are still incomplete. Extensive studies are needed on the Euphorbia plants before they can be fully used in clinics as a potent drug candidate, as researchers are focusing mainly on diterpenoids and triterpenoids, while there are many other types of compounds that may possess new biological activities.

Keywords: Euphorbiaceae, Traditional use, Medicinal properties, Pharmacology, Antibacterial, Anti-tumor, Cytotoxicity, Phytochemistry.

Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Salehi, B.; Iriti, M.; Vitalini, S.; Antolak, H.; Pawlikowska, E.; Kręgiel, D.; Sharifi-Rad, J.; Oyeleye, S.I. Ademiluyi; Czopek; Staniak; Custódio; Coy-Barrera; Segura-Carretero; Cádiz-Gurrea; Capasso; Cho; Seca; Ademiluyi, A.O.; Czopek, K.; Staniak, M.; Custódio, L.; Coy-Barrera, E.; Segura-Carretero, A.; Cádiz-Gurrea, M.L.; Capasso, R.; Cho, W.C.; Seca, A.M.L. Euphorbia-derived natural products with potential for use in health maintenance. Biomolecules, 2019, 9(8), 337.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9080337]
[2]
Shi, Q.W.; Su, X.H.; Kiyota, H. Chemical and pharmacological research of the plants in genus Euphorbia. Chem. Rev., 2008, 108(10), 4295-4327.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr078350s] [PMID: 18817355]
[3]
Jassbi, A.R. Chemistry and biological activity of secondary metabolites in Euphorbia from Iran. Phytochemistry, 2006, 67(18), 1977-1984.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.06.030] [PMID: 16889806]
[4]
Mozaffarian, V. A Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names; Farhang Moaser: Tehran, Iran, 1996.
[5]
Webster, G.L. Classification of the Euphorbiaceae. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard., 1994, 81(1), 3-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2399908]
[6]
Jury, S.L.; Reynolds, T.; Cutler, D.F. The Euphorbiales: Chemistry, taxonomic and economic botany. Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 1987, 94, 1-326.
[7]
Vasas, A.; Hohmann, J. Euphorbia diterpenes: Isolation, structure, biological activity, and synthesis (2008-2012). Chem. Rev., 2014, 114(17), 8579-8612.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr400541j] [PMID: 25036812]
[8]
Horn, J.W.; van Ee, B.W.; Morawetz, J.J.; Riina, R.; Steinmann, V.W.; Berry, P.E.; Wurdack, K.J. Phylogenetics and the evolution of major structural characters in the giant genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 2012, 63(2), 305-326.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.022] [PMID: 22273597]
[9]
Prenner, G.; Rudall, P.J. Comparative ontogeny of the cyathium in Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) and its allies: exploring the organ-flower-inflorescence boundary. Am. J. Bot., 2007, 94(10), 1612-1629.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.94.10.1612] [PMID: 21151828]
[10]
Hua, J.; Liu, Y.; Xiao, C.J.; Jing, S.X.; Luo, S.H.; Li, S.H. Chemical profile and defensive function of the latex of Euphorbia peplus. Phytochemistry, 2017, 136, 56-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2016.12.021] [PMID: 28062071]
[11]
El Azzouzi, F.; Zidane, L. La flore médicinale traditionnelle de la région de Béni-Mellal (Maroc). J. Appl. Biosci., 2015, 1(9), 8493-8502.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jab.v91i1.8]
[12]
El-Karemy, Z. On the taxonomy of the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in Egypt. Feddes Repert., 1994, 105(5), 271-281.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19941050504]
[13]
Sofowora, E.A. Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa; John Wiley and Sons Ltd.: Hoboken, 1982, pp. 64-79.
[14]
Lin, S-C. A taxonomic study of the genus Chamaesyce SF Gray (Euphorbiaceae) in Taiwan. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin., 1991, 32, 215-251.
[15]
Nyeem, M.A.; Haque, M.S.; Akramuzzaman, M.; Siddika, R.; Sultana, S.; Islam, B.R. Euphorbia hirta Linn. A wonderful miracle plant of mediterranean region: A review. J. Med. Plants Stud., 2017, 5, 170-175.
[16]
Kirtikar, K.R. Indian Medicinal Plants: By K.R. Kirtikar, B.D. Basu, and An I.C.S. In 4 volumes; Lalit Mohan Basu: Allahabad, 1935.
[17]
Cheng, F.; Yang, Y.; Zhang, L.; Cao, Y.; Yao, W.; Tang, Y.; Ding, A. A natural triterpene derivative from Euphorbia kansui inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis against rat intestinal epithelioid cell line in vitro. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2015, 16(8), 18956-18975.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms160818956] [PMID: 26274958]
[18]
Le Floc’h, E.; Boulos, L.; Vela, E. Catalogue synonymique comment’e de la Flore de Tunisie, 2nd ed; Banque Nationale de G`enes de la Tunisie: Tunis, 2010.
[19]
Hlila, M.B.; Majouli, K.; Ben Jannet, H.; Aouni, M.; Mastouri, M.; Selmi, B. Antimicrobial activity of Tunisian Euphorbia paralias L. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2017, 7(7), 629-632.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.06.008]
[20]
Pahlevani, A.H.; Liede-Schumann, S.; Akhani, H. Seed and capsule morphology of Iranian perennial species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) and its phylogenetic application: Perennial Species of Euphorbia in Iran. Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 2015, 177(3), 335-377.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12245]
[21]
Talebi, S.M. Morphological study of some Euphorbia taxa in Iran. Nusantara Biosci., 2016, 8(1), 103-110.
[22]
Shamsabadipour, S.; Zarei, S.M.; Ghanadian, M.; Ayatollahi, S.A.; Rahimnejad, M.R.; Saeedi, H.; Aghaei, M. A new taraxastane triterpene from Euphorbia denticulata with cytotoxic activity against prostate cancer cells. Iran. J. Pharm. Res., 2018, 17(1), 336-342.
[PMID: 29755564]
[23]
Chi, S.M.; Wang, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Pu, J-X.; Du, X.; Liu, J-P.; Wang, J-H.; Chen, Y-G.; Zhao, Y. A new cyclopentanone derivative from Euphorbia hirta. Chem. Nat. Compd., 2012, 48(4), 577-579.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-012-0315-0]
[24]
Kumar, S.; Malhotra, R.; Kumar, D. Euphorbia hirta: Its chemistry, traditional and medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. Pharmacogn. Rev., 2010, 4(7), 58-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0973-7847.65327] [PMID: 22228942]
[25]
Gupta, N.; Vishnoi, G.; Wal, A.; Wal, P. Medicinal value of Euphorbia tirucalli. Syst. Rev. Pharm., 2013, 4(1), 40-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-8453.135843]
[26]
Aleksandrov, M.; Maksimova, V.; Koleva Gudeva, L. Review of the anticancer and cytotoxic activity of some species from genus Euphorbia. ACS Agric. Conspec. Sci., 2019, 84(1), 1-5.
[27]
Uzair, M.; Loothar, B.A.; Choudhary, B.A. Biological screening of Euphorbia helioscopia L. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., 2009, 22(2), 184-186.
[PMID: 19339230]
[28]
Lu, Z.Q.; Guan, S.H.; Li, X.N.; Chen, G.T.; Zhang, J.Q.; Huang, H.L.; Liu, X.; Guo, D.A. Cytotoxic diterpenoids from Euphorbia helioscopia. J. Nat. Prod., 2008, 71(5), 873-876.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np0706163] [PMID: 18321057]
[29]
Aliomrani, M.; Jafarian, A.; Zolfaghari, B. Phytochemical screening and cytotoxic evaluation of Euphorbia turcomanica on Hela and HT-29 tumor cell lines. Adv. Biomed. Res., 2017, 6(1), 68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2277-9175.192734] [PMID: 28626743]
[30]
Markham, U.R. Techniques of flavonoid identification; Academic Press: London, 1982.
[31]
Bigoniya, P.; Rana, A.C. Radioprotective and in-vitro cytotoxic sapogenin from Euphorbia neriifolia (Euphorbiaceae). Leaf. Trop. J. Pharm. Res., 2010, 8(6), 521-530.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v8i6.49399]
[32]
Pokharen, N.; Dahal, S.; Anuradha, M. Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of leaf extract of Euphorbia neriifolia. J. Med. Plants Res., 2011, 5(24), 5785-5788.
[33]
Ashraf, A.; Sarfraz, R.A.; Rashid, M.A.; Shahid, M. Antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, and cytotoxic activities of an important medicinal plant (Euphorbia royleana) from Pakistan. J. Food Drug Anal., 2015, 23(1), 109-115.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2014.05.007] [PMID: 28911432]
[34]
Awaad, A.S.; Alothman, M.R.; Zain, Y.M.; Zain, G.M.; Alqasoumi, S.I.; Hassan, D.A. Comparative nutritional value and antimicrobial activities between three Euphorbia species growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm. J., 2017, 25(8), 1226-1230.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2017.09.007] [PMID: 29204072]
[35]
Al-Yousef, H.M.; Alqahtani, A.S.; Ghani, A.S.A.; El-Toumy, S.A.; El-Dougdoug, W.I.A.; Hassan, W.H.B.; Hassan, H.M. Nephroprotective, cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of Euphorbia paralias. Saudi J. Biol. Sci., 2021, 28(1), 785-792.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.11.011] [PMID: 33424368]
[36]
Qi, W.Y.; Zhao, J.X.; Wei, W.J.; Gao, K.; Yue, J.M. Quorumolides A-C, Three Cembranoids from Euphorbia antiquorum. J. Org. Chem., 2018, 83(2), 1041-1045.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.7b02684] [PMID: 29276895]
[37]
Kong, L.Y.; Li, Y.; Wu, X.L.; Min, Z.D. Cytotoxic diterpenoids from Euphorbia pekinensis. Planta Med., 2002, 68(3), 249-252.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-23132] [PMID: 11914963]
[38]
Zahir, A.A.; Rahuman, A.A. Evaluation of different extracts and synthesised silver nanoparticles from leaves of Euphorbia prostrata against Haemaphysalis bispinosa and Hippobosca maculata. Vet. Parasitol., 2012, 187(3-4), 511-520.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.02.001] [PMID: 22429701]
[39]
Zengin, G.; Uysal, A.; Aktumsek, A.; Mocan, A.; Mollica, A.; Locatelli, M.; Custodio, L.; Neng, N.R.; Nogueira, J.M.F.; Aumeeruddy-Elalfi, Z.; Mahomoodally, M.F. Euphorbia denticulata Lam.: A promising source of phyto-pharmaceuticals for the development of novel functional formulations. Biomed. Pharmacother., 2017, 87, 27-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.063] [PMID: 28040595]
[40]
Mocan, A.; Zengin, G.; Uysal, A.; Gunes, E.; Mollica, A.; Degirmenci, N.S.; Alpsoy, L.; Aktumsek, A. Biological and chemical insights of Morina persica L.: A source of bioactive compounds with multifunctional properties. J. Funct. Foods, 2016, 25, 94-109.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2016.05.010]
[41]
Frezza, C.; Venditti, A.; Sciubba, F.; Tomai, P.; Antonetti, M.; Franceschin, M.; Di Cocco, M.E.; Gentili, A.; Delfini, M.; Serafini, M.; Bianco, A. Phytochemical profile of Euphorbia peplus L. collected in Central Italy and NMR semi-quantitative analysis of the diterpenoid fraction. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 2018, 160, 152-159.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2018.07.059] [PMID: 30086508]
[42]
Wang, S.Y.; Li, G.Y.; Zhang, K.; Wang, H.Y.; Liang, H.G.; Huang, C.; Huang, J.; Wang, J.H.; Yang, B.F. New ingol-type diterpenes from the latex of Euphorbia resinifera. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2019, 21(11), 1075-1082.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2018.1498084] [PMID: 30607997]
[43]
Farhan, H.; Rammal, H.; Hijazi, A.; Daher, A.; Reda, M.; Annan, H.; Chokr, A.; Bassal, A.; Badran, B. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of a Lebanese plant Euphorbia macroclada schyzoceras. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed., 2013, 3(7), 542-548.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60110-0] [PMID: 23836193]
[44]
Ravikanth, V.; Lakshmi Niranjan Reddy, V.; Vijender Reddy, A.; Ravinder, K.; Prabhakar Rao, T.; Siva Ram, T.; Anand Kumar, K.; Prakesh Vamanarao, D.; Venkateswarlu, Y. Three new ingol diterpenes from Euphorbia nivulia: Evaluation of cytotoxic activity. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Tokyo), 2003, 51(4), 431-434.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.51.431] [PMID: 12673000]
[45]
Ahmed, S.; Elsherei, M.; Salah El Dine, R.; Eltomy, S. Phytoconstituents, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities of Euphorbia cooperi N. E. Br. Egypt. J. Chem., 2019, 62, 831-840.
[46]
Jian, B.; Zhang, H.; Han, C.; Liu, J. Anti-cancer activities of diterpenoids derived from Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. Molecules, 2018, 23(2), 387.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23020387] [PMID: 29439483]
[47]
Duarte, N.; Ferreira, M.J. Lagaspholones A and B: two new jatropholane-type diterpenes from Euphorbia lagascae. Org. Lett., 2007, 9(3), 489-492.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol062854f] [PMID: 17249794]
[48]
Zhang, L.; Wang, C.; Meng, Q.; Tian, Q.; Niu, Y.; Niu, W. Phytochemicals of Euphorbia lathyris L. and their antioxidant activities. Molecules, 2017, 22(8), 1335.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules22081335] [PMID: 28820480]
[49]
Zhou, B.; Wu, Y.; Dalal, S.; Cassera, M.B.; Yue, J.M. Euphorbesulins A-P, structurally diverse diterpenoids from Euphorbia esula. J. Nat. Prod., 2016, 79(8), 1952-1961.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00205] [PMID: 27447736]
[50]
Liu, S.N.; Huang, D.; Morris-Natschke, S.L.; Ma, H.; Liu, Z.H.; Seeram, N.P.; Xu, J.; Lee, K.H.; Gu, Q. Euphomilones A and B, ent-Rosane Diterpenoids with 7/5/6 and 5/7/6 Skeletons from Euphorbia milii. Org. Lett., 2016, 18(23), 6132-6135.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.6b03142] [PMID: 27934394]
[51]
Yang, D.S.; Peng, W.B.; Li, Z.L.; Wang, X.; Wei, J.G.; Liu, K.C.; Yang, Y.P.; Li, X.L. Chemical constituents from the aerial parts of Euphorbia sikkimensis and their bioactivities. Nat. Prod. Bioprospect., 2013, 3(3), 112-116.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13659-013-0006-y]
[52]
Sutthivaiyakit, S.; Thapsut, M.; Prachayasittikul, V. Constituents and bioactivity of the tubers of Euphorbia sessiliflora. Phytochemistry, 2000, 53(8), 947-950.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00606-8] [PMID: 10820809]
[53]
Mali, P.Y.; Panchal, S.S. A review on phyto-pharmacological potentials of Euphorbia thymifolia L. Anc. Sci. Life, 2013, 32(3), 165-172.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0257-7941.123001] [PMID: 24501446]
[54]
Lu, Z.Q.; Chen, G.T.; Zhang, J.Q.; Huang, H.L.; Guan, S.H.; Guo, D.A. Four new lanostane triterpenoids from Euphorbia humifusa. Helv. Chim. Acta, 2007, 90(11), 2245-2250.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.200790233]
[55]
Atta, -ur-Rahman Zareen, S.; Choudhary, M.I.; Akhtar, M.N.; Khan, S.N. alpha-Glucosidase inhibitory activity of triterpenoids from Cichorium intybus. J. Nat. Prod., 2008, 71(5), 910-913.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np800001v] [PMID: 18341288]
[56]
Duarte, N.; Ramalhete, C.; Varga, A.; Molnár, J.; Ferreira, M.J. Multidrug resistance modulation and apoptosis induction of cancer cells by terpenic compounds isolated from Euphorbia species. Anticancer Res., 2009, 29(11), 4467-4472.
[PMID: 20032393]
[57]
Bigoniya, P.; Rana, A.C. Hemolytic and in-vitro antioxidant activity of saponin isolated from Euphorbia neriifolia Leaf. Recent progress in medicinal plants. Nat. Prod., 2006, 2(20), 359-376.
[58]
Kirbag, S.; Erecevit, P.; Zengin, F.; Guvenc, A.N. Antimicrobial activities of some Euphorbia species. Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med., 2013, 10(5), 305-309.
[PMID: 24311840]
[59]
Natarajan, D.; Britto, S.J.; Srinivasan, K.; Nagamurugan, N.; Mohanasundari, C.; Perumal, G. Anti-bacterial activity of Euphorbia fusiformis--a rare medicinal herb. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2005, 102(1), 123-126.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2005.04.023] [PMID: 16159702]
[60]
Corea, G.; Fattorusso, C.; Fattorusso, E.; Lanzotti, V. Amygdaloidins A-L, twelve new 13 α-OH jatrophane diterpenes from Euphorbia amygdaloides L. Tetrahedron, 2005, 61(18), 4485-4494.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2005.02.031]
[61]
Wang, W.; Ding, X. Studies on diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia ebracteolata. Yao Xue Xue Bao, 1998, 33(2), 128-131.
[PMID: 11938948]
[62]
Sahoo, S.; Panda, P.K.; Mishra, S.R.; Parida, R.K.; Ellaiah, P.; Dash, S.K. Antibacterial activity of Barringtonia acutangula against selected urinary tract pathogens. Indian J. Pharm. Sci., 2008, 70(5), 677-679.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.45417] [PMID: 21394275]
[63]
Mwine, J.T.; Damme, P.V. Why do Euphorbiaceae tick as medicinal plants? A review of Euphorbiaceae family and its medicinal features. J. Med. Plants Res., 2011, 5(5), 652-666.
[64]
Diederich, M.; Cerella, C. Non-canonical programmed cell death mechanisms triggered by natural compounds. Semin. Cancer Biol., 2016, 40-41, 4-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.06.001] [PMID: 27262793]
[65]
Ruijtenberg, S.; van den Heuvel, S. Coordinating cell proliferation and differentiation: Antagonism between cell cycle regulators and cell type-specific gene expression. Cell Cycle, 2016, 15(2), 196-212.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15384101.2015.1120925] [PMID: 26825227]
[66]
Ernst, M.; Grace, O.M.; Saslis-Lagoudakis, C.H.; Nilsson, N.; Simonsen, H.T.; Rønsted, N. Global medicinal uses of Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae). J. Ethnopharmacol., 2015, 176, 90-101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.025] [PMID: 26485050]
[67]
Sandeep, B.P.; Chandrakant, S.M. Phytochemical investigation and antitumour activity of Euphorbia hirta Linn. Eur. J. Exp. Biol., 2011, 1(1), 51-56.
[68]
Munro, B.; Vuong, Q.V.; Chalmers, A.C.; Goldsmith, C.D.; Bowyer, M.C.; Scarlett, C.J. Phytochemical, antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of euphorbia tirucalli methanolic and aqueous extracts. Antioxidants, 2015, 4(4), 647-661.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox4040647] [PMID: 26783950]
[69]
Prakash, E.; Gupta, D.K. Cytotoxic activities of extracts of medicinal plants of euphorbiacae family studied on seven human cancer cell lines. Univers. J. Plant Sci, 2013, 1(4), 113-117.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujps.2013.010401]
[70]
Wang, Z.Y.; Liu, H.P.; Zhang, Y.C.; Guo, L.Q.; Li, Z.X.; Shi, X.F. Anticancer potential of Euphorbia helioscopia L. extracts against human cancer cells. Anat. Rec. (Hoboken), 2012, 295(2), 223-233.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.21517] [PMID: 22190452]
[71]
Mali, P.Y.; Panchal, S.S. Euphorbia neriifolia L.: Review on botany, ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med., 2017, 10(5), 430-438.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.05.003] [PMID: 28647179]
[72]
Liu, Y.; Murakami, N.; Ji, H.; Abreu, P.; Zhang, S.J.i.H.; Abreu, P.; Zhang, S. Antimalarial Flavonol Glycosides from Euphorbia hirta. Pharm. Biol., 2007, 45(4), 278-281.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13880200701214748]
[73]
Khan, A.Q.; Kazmi, S.N.; Ahmed, Z.; Malik, A. Euphorcinol: A new pentacyclic triterpene from Euphorbia tirucalli. Planta Med., 1989, 55(3), 290-291.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-962008] [PMID: 17262419]
[74]
Hsieh, Y.J.; Chang, C.J.; Wan, C.F.; Chen, C.P.; Chiu, Y.H.; Leu, Y.L.; Peng, K.C. Euphorbia formosana root extract induces apoptosis by caspase-dependent cell death via Fas and mitochondrial pathway in THP-1 human leukemic cells. Molecules, 2013, 18(2), 1949-1962.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules18021949] [PMID: 23377135]
[75]
Liu, J.H.; Latif, A.; Ali, M.; Zhang, G.P.; Xiang, W.J.; Ma, L.; Arfan, M.; Hu, L.H. Diterpenoids from Euphorbia neriifolia. Phytochemistry, 2012, 75, 153-158.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.11.016] [PMID: 22226035]
[76]
Barile, E.; Lanzotti, V. Biogenetical related highly oxygenated macrocyclic diterpenes from sea spurge Euphorbia paralias. Org. Lett., 2007, 9(18), 3603-3606.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol701454v] [PMID: 17665924]
[77]
Shamsabadipour, S.; Ghanadian, M.; Saeedi, H.; Rahimnejad, M.R.; Mohammadi-Kamalabadi, M.; Ayatollahi, S.M.; Salimzadeh, L. Triterpenes and Steroids from Euphorbia denticulata Lam. Iran. J. Pharm. Res., 2013, 12(4), 759-767.
[PMID: 24523756]
[78]
Duarte, N.; Gyémánt, N.; Abreu, P.M.; Molnár, J.; Ferreira, M.J. New macrocyclic lathyrane diterpenes, from Euphorbia lagascae, as inhibitors of multidrug resistance of tumour cells. Planta Med., 2006, 72(2), 162-168.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2005-873196] [PMID: 16491453]
[79]
Mu, L.H.; Zhao, J.Y.; Zhang, J.; Liu, P. Cycloartane triterpenes from Beesia calthaefolia and their anticomplement structure-activity relationship study. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2016, 18(11), 1101-1107.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2016.1174698] [PMID: 27140685]
[80]
Sheliya, M.A.; Rayhana, B.; Ali, A.; Pillai, K.K.; Aeri, V.; Sharma, M.; Mir, S.R. Inhibition of α-glucosidase by new prenylated flavonoids from Euphorbia hirta L. herb. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2015, 176, 1-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.018] [PMID: 26477374]
[81]
Van Damme, P. Het Traditioneel Gebruik van Euphorbia tirucalli. Afrika Focus, 1989, 5(3-4), 176-193.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356X-0050304006]
[82]
Yu, C.C.; Hsieh, C.R.; Hsiao, G.; Chen, P.Y.; Chang, M.L.; Yin, H.W.; Lee, T.H.; Lee, C.K. Regulated expressions of MMP-2, -9 by diterpenoids from Euphorbia formosana Hayata. Molecules, 2012, 17(2), 2082-2090.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules17022082] [PMID: 22354186]
[83]
Chen, H.; Wang, H.; Yang, B.; Jin, D.Q.; Yang, S.; Wang, M.; Xu, J.; Ohizumi, Y.; Guo, Y. Diterpenes inhibiting NO production from Euphorbia helioscopia. Fitoterapia, 2014, 95, 133-138.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2014.03.010] [PMID: 24641945]
[84]
Amirghofran, Z.; Malek-Hosseini, S.; Golmoghaddam, H.; Kalantar, F.; Shabani, M. Inhibition of nitric oxide production and proinflammatory cytokines by several medicinal plants. Iran. J. Immunol., 2011, 8(3), 159-169.
[PMID: 21931202]
[85]
Al-Faifi, Z.I.; Masrahi, Y.S.; Aly, M.S.; Al-Turki, T.A.; Dardeer, T. Evaluation of cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Euphorbia triaculeata Forssk. extract. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev., 2017, 18(3), 771-777.
[PMID: 28441785]
[86]
Mohamed, H.M.; Aly, M.S. Evaluation of genotoxicity of Euphorbia triaculeata Forssk. extract on mice bone marrow cells in vivo. Toxicol. Rep., 2018, 5, 625-631.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.05.007] [PMID: 29854632]
[87]
Al-Mughrabi, K. Antimicrobial activity of extracts from leaves, stems and flowers of Euphorbia macroclada against plant pathogenic fungi. Phytopathol. Mediterr., 2003, 42(3), 245-250.
[88]
Altundag, E.; Ozturk, M. Ethnomedicinal studies on the plant resources of east Anatolia, Turkey. Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci., 2011, 19, 756-777.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.05.195]
[89]
Sivaraj, R.; Balakrishnan, A.; Thenmozhi, M.; Venckatesh, R. Antimicrobial activity of Aegle marmelos, Ruta graveolens, Opuntia dellini, Euphorbia royleena and Euphorbia antiquorum. J. Pharm. Res., 2011, 4(5), 1507-1508.
[90]
Hussain, K.; Nisar, M.F.; Majeed, A.; Nawaz, K.; Bhatti, K.H. Ethnomedicinal Survey for Important Plants of Jalalpur Jattan, District Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Ethnobotanical Leaflets, 2010, 14, 807-825.
[91]
Ahmad, S.; Perveen, S.; Arshad, M.A.; Rehman, T. Pharmacological and nutritive potential of Euphorbia granulata. J. Complement. Integr. Med , 2018, 16(2) /j/jcim.2019
[92]
Hussain, F. Allelopathic effects of Pakistani weeds: Euphorbia granulata Forssk. Oecologia, 1980, 45(2), 267-269.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346468] [PMID: 28309538]
[93]
Malik, S.; Ahmad, S.; Sadiq, A.; Alam, K.; Wariss, H.M.; Ahmad, I.; Hayat, M.Q.; Anjum, S.; Mukhtar, M. A comparative ethno-botanical study of Cholistan (an arid area) and Pothwar (a semi-arid area) of Pakistan for traditional medicines. J. Ethnobiol. Ethnomed., 2015, 11(1), 31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0018-2] [PMID: 25925727]
[94]
Rajkuberan, C.; Prabukumar, S.; Sathishkumar, G.; Wilson, A.; Sivaperumal Sivaramakrishnan, K.R. Facile synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Euphorbia antiquorum L. latex extract and evaluation of their biomedical perspectives as anticancer agents. J. Saudi Chem. Soc., 2017, 21(8), 911-919.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jscs.2016.01.002]
[95]
Sivakuma, P.; Palanisamy, P.N. Adsorption studies of basic red 29 by a nonconventional activated carbon prepared from Euphorbia antiquorum L. Int. J. Chemtech Res., 2009, 1(3), 502-510.
[96]
Shao, F.G.; Bu, R.; Zhang, C.; Chen, C.J.; Huang, J.; Wang, J.H. Two new casbane diterpenoids from the roots of Euphorbia pekinensis. J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res., 2011, 13(9), 805-810.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10286020.2011.596828] [PMID: 21830884]
[97]
Bátori, Z.; Erdos, L.; Somlyay, L. Euphorbia prostrata (Euphorbiaceae), a new alien in the Carpathian Basin. Acta Bot. Hung., 2012, 54(3-4), 235-243.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/ABot.54.2012.3-4.2]
[98]
Kengni, F.; Tala, D.S.; Djimeli, M.N.; Fodouop, S.P.C.; Kodjio, N.; Magnifouet, H.N.; Gatsing, D. In vitro antimicrobial activity of Harungana madagascriensis and Euphorbia prostrate extracts against some pathogenic Salmonella sp. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci., 2013, 7(3), 1106-1118.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v7i3.17]
[99]
Yan, X.; Zhang, L.; Guo, J.; Cao, Y.; Shang, E.; Tang, Y.; Ding, A.; Duan, J.A. Processing of kansui roots stir-baked with vinegar reduces kansui-induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity by decreasing the contents of toxic terpenoids and regulating the cell apoptosis pathway. Molecules, 2014, 19(6), 7237-7254.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules19067237] [PMID: 24896263]
[100]
Kaval, I.; Behçet, L.; Cakilcioglu, U. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plants in Geçitli and its surrounding (Hakkari-Turkey). J. Ethnopharmacol., 2014, 155(1), 171-184.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.014] [PMID: 24911339]
[101]
Ramsay, J.R.; Suhrbier, A.; Aylward, J.H.; Ogbourne, S.; Cozzi, S.J.; Poulsen, M.G.; Baumann, K.C.; Welburn, P.; Redlich, G.L.; Parsons, P.G. The sap from Euphorbia peplus is effective against human nonmelanoma skin cancers. Br. J. Dermatol., 2011, 164(3), 633-636.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10184.x] [PMID: 21375515]
[102]
Amin, E.; Moawad, A.; Hassan, H. Biologically-guided isolation of leishmanicidal secondary metabolites from Euphorbia peplus L. Saudi Pharm. J., 2017, 25(2), 236-240.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2016.06.003] [PMID: 28344474]
[103]
Sunandakumari, C.; Zhang, C.L.; Martin, K.P.; Slater, A.; Madhusoodanan, P.V. Effect of Auxins on indirect in vitro morphogenesis and expression of gusA Transgene in a lectinaceous medicinal plant, Euphorbia nivulia Buch.-Ham. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. Plant, 2005, 41(5), 695-699.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/IVP2005651]
[104]
Barrero, R.A.; Chapman, B.; Yang, Y.; Moolhuijzen, P.; Keeble-Gagnère, G.; Zhang, N.; Tang, Q.; Bellgard, M.I.; Qiu, D. De novo assembly of Euphorbia fischeriana root transcriptome identifies prostratin pathway related genes. BMC Genomics, 2011, 12(1), 600.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-12-600] [PMID: 22151917]
[105]
Saeed-ul-Hassan, S.; Khalil-ur-Rehman, M.; Niaz, U.; Saeed, M.A.; Hussain, K.; Rao, S.A.; Ahmed, I. Isolation and characterization of irritant components of Euphorbia pilulifera L. Pak. J. Pharm. Sci., 2013, 26(1), 31-37.
[PMID: 23261725]
[106]
Twilley, D.; Rademan, S.; Lall, N. A review on traditionally used South African medicinal plants, their secondary metabolites and their potential development into anticancer agents. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2020, 261, 113101.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113101] [PMID: 32562876]
[107]
Sezik, E.; Yeşilada, E.; Honda, G.; Takaishi, Y.; Takeda, Y.; Tanaka, T. Traditional medicine in Turkey X. Folk medicine in Central Anatolia. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2001, 75(2-3), 95-115.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0378-8741(00)00399-8] [PMID: 11297840]
[108]
Wang, X.Y.; Liu, L.P.; Zhu, R.X.; Kang, T.G.; Tong, L.J.; Xie, H.; Wang, H.B. Cytotoxic activities of some selected medicinal plants of the genus Euphorbia. J. Med. Plants Res., 2011, 5(31), 6766-6769.
[109]
Saleem, H.; Zengin, G.; Locatelli, M.; Mollica, A.; Ahmad, I.; Fawzi, M.; Mahomoodally, F.M.; Zainal Abidin, S.A.; Ahemad, N. In vitro biological propensities and chemical profiling of Euphorbia milii Des Moul (Euphorbiaceae): A novel source for bioactive agents. Indus. Crops Prod., 2019, 2019, 130.
[110]
Anarado, C.E.; Anarado, C.J.O.; Umedum, N.L.; Chukwubueze, F.M.; Anarado, I.L. Phytochemical and Antimicrobial analysis of leaves of Bridelia micrantha, Cassytha filiformis, Euphorbia hirta and Securinega virosa. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., 2020, 9(3), 581-587.
[111]
Ogbulie, J.N.; Ogueke, C.C.; Okoli, I.C.; Anyanwu, B.N. Antibacterial activities and toxicological potentials of crude ethanolic extracts of Euphorbia hirta. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2007, 6(13), 1544-1548.
[112]
Singh, G.D.; Kaiser, P.; Youssouf, M.S.; Singh, S.; Khajuria, A.; Koul, A.; Bani, S.; Kapahi, B.K.; Satti, N.K.; Suri, K.A.; Johri, R.K. Inhibition of early and late phase allergic reactions by Euphorbia hirta L. Phytother. Res., 2006, 20(4), 316-321.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1844] [PMID: 16557622]
[113]
Youssouf, M.S.; Kaiser, P.; Tahir, M.; Singh, G.D.; Singh, S.; Sharma, V.K.; Satti, N.K.; Haque, S.E.; Johri, R.K. Anti-anaphylactic effect of Euphorbia hirta. Fitoterapia, 2007, 78(7-8), 535-539.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2007.06.003] [PMID: 17643865]
[114]
Chen, C.L.; Chen, Y.P.; Lin, M.W.; Huang, Y.B.; Chang, F.R.; Duh, T.H.; Wu, D.C.; Wu, W.C.; Kao, Y.C.; Yang, P.H. Euphol from Euphorbia tirucalli Negatively modulates TGF-β responsiveness via TGF-β receptor segregation inside membrane rafts. PLoS One, 2015, 10(10), e0140249.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140249] [PMID: 26448474]
[115]
Kolak, U.; Kabouche, A.; Oztürk, M.; Kabouche, Z.; Topçu, G.; Ulubelen, A. Antioxidant diterpenoids from the roots of Salvia barrelieri. Phytochem. Anal., 2009, 20(4), 320-327.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pca.1130] [PMID: 19402189]
[116]
Perez-Hernandez, N.; Ponce-Monter, H.; Medina, J.A.; Joseph-Nathan, P. Spasmolytic effect of constituents from Lepechinia caulescens on rat uterus. J. Ethnopharmacol., 2008, 115(1), 30-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2007.08.044] [PMID: 17997242]
[117]
Radulović, N.; Denić, M.; Stojanović-Radić, Z. Antimicrobial phenolic abietane diterpene from Lycopus europaeus L. (Lamiaceae). Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 2010, 20(17), 4988-4991.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.07.063] [PMID: 20674349]
[118]
Yan, R.Y.; Tan, Y.X.; Cui, X.Q.; Chen, R.Y.; Yu, D.Q. Diterpenoids from the roots of Suregada glomerulata. J. Nat. Prod., 2008, 71(2), 195-198.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np0705211] [PMID: 18205316]
[119]
Mai, Z.P.; Ni, G.; Liu, Y.F.; Li, L.; Shi, G.R.; Wang, X.; Li, J.Y.; Yu, D.Q. Heliosterpenoids A and B, two Novel Jatrophane-Derived Diterpenoids with a 5/6/4/6 Ring System from Euphorbia helioscopia. Sci. Rep., 2017, 7(1), 4922.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04399-w] [PMID: 28687752]
[120]
Amirghofran, Z.; Azadmehr, A.; Bahmani, M.; Javidnia, K. Stimulatory effects of Euphorbia cheiradenia on cell mediated immunity and humoral antibody synthesis. Iran. J. Immunol., 2008, 5(2), 115-123.
[PMID: 18523357]
[121]
Chanda, S.V.; Baravalia, Y. Screening of some plant extracts against some skin diseases caused by oxidative stress and microorganisms. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2010, 9, 3210-3217.
[122]
Galvez, J.; Zarzuelo, A.; Crespo, M.E.; Lorente, M.D.; Ocete, M.A.; Jiménez, J. Antidiarrhoeic activity of Euphorbia hirta extract and isolation of an active flavonoid constituent. Planta Med., 1993, 59(4), 333-336.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-959694] [PMID: 8372151]
[123]
Zheng, W.F.; Cui, Z.; Zhu, Q. Cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of the compounds from Euphorbia kansui. Planta Med., 1998, 64(8), 754-756.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957574] [PMID: 9933994]
[124]
Bousselessela, H.; Yahia, M.; Mahboubi, A.; Benbia, S.; Massinissa, Y. Antioxydant and antibacterial activity of alkaloids and terpenes extracts from Euphorbia granulata. Int. J. Bioeng. Life Sci., 2013, 7(3), 166-169.
[125]
Khiev, P.; Kim, J.W.; Sung, S.J.; Song, H.H.; Choung, D.H.; Chin, Y.W.; Lee, H.K.; Oh, S.R. Ingenane-type diterpenes with a modulatory effect on IFN-γ production from the roots of Euphorbia kansui. Arch. Pharm. Res., 2012, 35(9), 1553-1558.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12272-012-0905-1] [PMID: 23054711]
[126]
Nunomura, S.; Kitanaka, S.; Ra, C. 3-O-(2,3-dimethylbutanoyl)-13-O-decanoylingenol from Euphorbia kansui suppresses IgE-mediated mast cell activation. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 2006, 29(2), 286-290.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.29.286] [PMID: 16462033]
[127]
Wang, H.Y.; Wang, J.S.; Wei, D.D.; Wang, X.B.; Luo, J.; Yang, M.H.; Kong, L.Y. Bioactivity-guided isolation of antiproliferative diterpenoids from Euphorbia kansui. Phytother. Res., 2012, 26(6), 853-859.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3640] [PMID: 22095916]
[128]
Zeng, Y.; Zhong, J.M.; Ye, S.Q.; Ni, Z.Y.; Miao, X.Q.; Mo, Y.K.; Li, Z.L. Screening of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen expression inducers from Chinese medicinal herbs and plants. Biomed. Environ. Sci., 1994, 7(1), 50-55.
[PMID: 8024719]
[129]
Lovell, C.R. Some biblical plants of dermatological importance. Clin. Dermatol., 1998, 16(1), 33-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0738-081X(97)00190-9] [PMID: 9472432]
[130]
Chang, S.Y.; Park, J.H.; Kim, Y.H.; Kang, J.S.; Min, J.Y. A natural component from Euphorbia humifusa Willd displays novel, broad-spectrum anti-influenza activity by blocking nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 2016, 471(2), 282-289.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.123] [PMID: 26850850]
[131]
Kemboi, D.; Peter, X.; Langat, M.; Tembu, J. A review of the ethnomedicinal uses, biological activities, and triterpenoids of Euphorbia species. Molecules, 2020, 25(17), 4019.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25174019] [PMID: 32899130]
[132]
Koduru, S.; Grierson, D.S.; Afolayan, A.J. Ethnobotanical information of medicinal plants used for treatment of cancer in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Curr. Sci., 2007, 92(7), 906-908.
[133]
Fortin, J.L.; Bitar, M.P.; N’Guedia Kenfack, F.; Jabour, S.; Fortin, L.; Coste, S.; Savio, C. Toxicité par Euphorbia lathyris: Efficacité des solutions polyamphotères de lavage. Toxicol. Anal. Clin, 2014, 26(4), 221.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxac.2014.09.025]
[134]
Hussain, M.; Farooq, U.; Rashid, M.; Bakhsh, H.; Majeed, A.; Khan, I.A.; Rana, S.L.; Rehman, M.S.; Aziz, A. Antimicrobial activity of fresh latex juice and extract of Euphorbia hirta and Euphorbia thymifolia - an in-vitro comparative study. Int. J. Pharma Sci., 2014, 4(3), 546-553.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
85
1
World Chagas Disease
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy