Abstract
Hsp70 molecular chaperones play a variety of functions in every organism, cell type and organelle, and their activities have been implicated in a number of human pathologies, ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases. The functions, regulations and structure of Hsp70s were intensively studied for about three decades, yet much still remains to be learned about these essential folding enzymes. Genome sequencing efforts revealed that most genomes contain multiple members of the Hsp70 family, some of which co-exist in the same cellular compartment. For example, the human cytosol and nucleus contain six highly homologous Hsp70 proteins while the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains four canonical Hsp70s and three fungal-specific ribosome-associated and specialized Hsp70s. The reasons and significance of the requirement for multiple Hsp70s is still a subject of debate. It has been postulated for a long time that these Hsp70 isoforms are functionally redundant and differ only by their spatio-temporal expression patterns. However, several studies in yeast and higher eukaryotic organisms challenged this widely accepted idea by demonstrating functional specificity among Hsp70 isoforms. Another element of complexity is brought about by specific cofactors, such as Hsp40s or nucleotide exchange factors that modulate the activity of Hsp70s and their binding to client proteins. Hence, a dynamic network of chaperone/co-chaperone interactions has evolved in each organism to efficiently take advantage of the multiple cellular roles Hsp70s can play. We summarize here our current knowledge of the functions and regulations of these molecular chaperones, and shed light on the known functional specificities among isoforms.
Keywords: Hsp70, Ssa1, chaperone network, functional specificity
Current Genomics
Title: Multiple Hsp70 Isoforms in the Eukaryotic Cytosol: Mere Redundancy or Functional Specificity?
Volume: 9 Issue: 5
Author(s): Mehdi Kabani and Celine N. Martineau
Affiliation:
Keywords: Hsp70, Ssa1, chaperone network, functional specificity
Abstract: Hsp70 molecular chaperones play a variety of functions in every organism, cell type and organelle, and their activities have been implicated in a number of human pathologies, ranging from cancer to neurodegenerative diseases. The functions, regulations and structure of Hsp70s were intensively studied for about three decades, yet much still remains to be learned about these essential folding enzymes. Genome sequencing efforts revealed that most genomes contain multiple members of the Hsp70 family, some of which co-exist in the same cellular compartment. For example, the human cytosol and nucleus contain six highly homologous Hsp70 proteins while the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains four canonical Hsp70s and three fungal-specific ribosome-associated and specialized Hsp70s. The reasons and significance of the requirement for multiple Hsp70s is still a subject of debate. It has been postulated for a long time that these Hsp70 isoforms are functionally redundant and differ only by their spatio-temporal expression patterns. However, several studies in yeast and higher eukaryotic organisms challenged this widely accepted idea by demonstrating functional specificity among Hsp70 isoforms. Another element of complexity is brought about by specific cofactors, such as Hsp40s or nucleotide exchange factors that modulate the activity of Hsp70s and their binding to client proteins. Hence, a dynamic network of chaperone/co-chaperone interactions has evolved in each organism to efficiently take advantage of the multiple cellular roles Hsp70s can play. We summarize here our current knowledge of the functions and regulations of these molecular chaperones, and shed light on the known functional specificities among isoforms.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kabani Mehdi and Martineau N. Celine, Multiple Hsp70 Isoforms in the Eukaryotic Cytosol: Mere Redundancy or Functional Specificity?, Current Genomics 2008; 9 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920208785133280
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138920208785133280 |
Print ISSN 1389-2029 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5488 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advanced AI Techniques in Big Genomic Data Analysis
The thematic issue on "Advanced AI Techniques in Big Genomic Data Analysis" aims to explore the cutting-edge methodologies and applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the realm of genomic research, where vast amounts of data pose both challenges and opportunities. This issue will cover a broad spectrum of AI-driven strategies, ...read more
Advanced Computational Algorithms and Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Pharmacogenomics
In the era of personalized medicine, understanding the relationship between genetics and drug response is crucial. This issue delves into innovative methodologies, leveraging deep computational analysis and artificial intelligence, to enhance the field of Clinical Pharmacogenomics. The interdisciplinary approach harnesses the power of advanced high-throughput genotyping technologies, sophisticated computational analysis, ...read more
Applications of Single-cell Sequencing Technology in Reproductive Medicine
Single cell sequencing (SCS) technology utilizes individual cells' genetic material to sequence their genome, transcriptome, and epigenetics at the molecular level. It offers insights into cell heterogeneity and enables the study of limited biological materials. Since its recognition as a valuable technique in 2011, single cell sequencing has yielded numerous ...read more
Big Data in Cancer Research
Cancer is a significant threat to human life and health, remaining a highly aggressive killer. It is a leading cause of death worldwide and represents a crucial medical issue for humanity. However, in the past decade, the effectiveness of new synthetic anticancer agents has not matched the current clinical speculation. ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Tangy Scent in Toona sinensis (Meliaceae) Leaflets: Isolation, Functional Characterization, and Regulation of TsTPS1 and TsTPS2, Two Key Terpene Synthase Genes in the Biosynthesis of the Scent Compound
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Knowing is Half the Battle: Targeting Virulence Factors of Group A Streptococcus for Vaccine and Therapeutics
Current Drug Targets Recent Advances in the Development of Anti-Infective Prophylactic and/or Therapeutic Agents Based on Toll-Like Receptor (TLRs)
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Inhibition of Sphingomyelin Hydrolysis: Targeting the Lipid Mediator Ceramide as a Key Regulator of Cellular Fate
Current Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Imaging of Therapeutic Potential of Reporter Probes
Current Drug Targets Nuclear Architecture and Gene Expression in the Quest for Novel Therapeutics
Current Pharmaceutical Design Roles for Serotonin in Neurodevelopment: More than just Neural Transmission
Current Neuropharmacology Reactive Oxygen Species, Vascular Disease and Cardiovascular Surgery
Current Vascular Pharmacology The Neurophysiology of Hydrogen Sulfide
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) PI-3 Kinase-PTEN Signaling Node: An Intercept Point for the Control of Angiogenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Tissular Senescence and Modifications of Oral Ecosystem in the Elderly: Risk Factors for Mucosal Pathologies
Current Aging Science The Role of local Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Isoforms in the Pathophysiology of Skeletal Muscle
Current Genomics Novel Protein Targeted Therapy of Metastatic Melanoma
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pathophysiology of HIV-1 in Semen: Current Evidence for Compartmentalisation and Penetration by Antiretroviral Drugs
Current HIV Research Red Cell Membrane Lipids in Hemoglobinopathies
Current Molecular Medicine Metal Complexes, their Cellular Targets and Potential for Cancer Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Adiponectin: An Endothelium-Derived Vasoprotective Factor?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Astrocytes as an HIV Reservoir: Mechanism of HIV Infection
Current HIV Research The potential for circulating microRNAs in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction: a novel approach to disease diagnosis and treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Lipid Nanocarriers and Molecular Targets for Malaria Chemotherapy
Current Drug Targets