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Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5230
ISSN (Online): 1875-614X

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Research Article

Anti-inflammatory Activity of PLA2 Inhibitory Saccharumoside-B

Author(s): Surya Prabha Sadhu*, Nagendra Sastry Yarla, Rajeswara Rao Pragada and Prasad Konduri

Volume 21, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 15 June, 2022

Page: [121 - 134] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/1871523021666220330143058

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Saccharumoside-B and its analogs were found to have anticancer potential in vitro. The present study reports acute toxicity, molecular docking, ADMET profile analysis, and in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of saccharumoside-B for the first time.

Methods: The in vitro enzyme inhibitory activity of saccharumoside-B on PLA2, COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX enzymes was evaluated by the cell-free method, and its effect on TNF-α, IL1β, and IL- 6 secretion levels in LPS stimulated THP-1 human monocytes was determined by ELISA-based methods. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in vivo by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. To test its binding affinity at the active site pockets of PLA2 enzymes and assess drug-like properties, docking experiments and ADMET studies were performed.

Results: Saccharumoside-B showed selective inhibition of the sPLA2 enzyme (IC50 = 7.53 ± 0.232 μM), and thioetheramide-PC was used as a positive control. It showed significant inhibition (P ≤ 0.05) of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokines compared to the positive control dexamethasone. Saccharumoside-B showed a dose-dependent inhibition of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema, with a maximum inhibition (76.09 ± 0.75) observed at 3 hours after the phlogistic agent injection. Saccharumoside-B potentially binds to the active site pocket of sPLA2 crystal protein (binding energy -7.6 Kcal/Mol). It complies with Lipinski’s Rule of Five, showing a promising safety profile. The bioactivity scores suggested it to be a better enzyme inhibitor.

Conclusion: Saccharumoside-B showed significant PLA2 inhibition. It can become a potential lead molecule in synthesizing a new class of selective PLA2 inhibitors with a high safety profile in the future.

Keywords: Anti-inflammation, molecular docking, ADMET study, phenolic glycoside ester, saccharumoside-B, PLA2 inhibitor.

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