Abstract
Two morphological features may be seen as a main result of the cardiovascular cell damage caused by cigarette smoking: myocardial cell necrosis and smoke cardiomyopathy that, however, can lead to cell necrosis in case of chronic prolonged exposure to tobacco smoke. Both these pathological patterns recognise hypoxia as the basic mechanism. Cardiovascular cell damage may involve either myocardial cell or coronary artery wall determining a varied but a wide spectrum of alterations. Necrosis may be well defined as a result of those morphological changes which follow cell death in a living tissue or organ with partial or total loss in their function. All infarcts of the heart muscle belong to the group of necrotic lesions, but not all cardiac necroses are necessarily infarcts. Coronarogenic, or non-coronarogenic mechanism following a direct action of tobacco compounds on myocardial cells may induce myocardial cell necrosis. Smoke cardiomyopathy is probably the most typical evidence of cellular damage induced by cigarette smoking on the myocardium. The term cardiomyopathy is used to describe all those forms of degenerative myocardial lesions caused directly by toxics or metabolic substances and, indirectly, by changes in blood flow which are able to induce chronic hypoxia. Initially, smoke cardiomyopathy is not characterised by necrotic phenomena but, instead, by alterations of those intracellular structures RNA- related like mitochondria and ribosomes, which are primarily deputed to carry out metabolic and respiratory pathways of myocardial cells, the function of which strongly depends on oxygen availability. Experimental findings documented undoubtedly either the type of cellular changes or their reproducibility after both acute or chronic exposure to cigarette smoke.
Keywords: Cardiovascular cell damage, morphologic changes, smoking
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Smoking and Cardiovascular System: Cellular Features of the Damage
Volume: 14 Issue: 18
Author(s): A. Leone, L. Landini Jr., O. Biadi and A. Balbarini
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cardiovascular cell damage, morphologic changes, smoking
Abstract: Two morphological features may be seen as a main result of the cardiovascular cell damage caused by cigarette smoking: myocardial cell necrosis and smoke cardiomyopathy that, however, can lead to cell necrosis in case of chronic prolonged exposure to tobacco smoke. Both these pathological patterns recognise hypoxia as the basic mechanism. Cardiovascular cell damage may involve either myocardial cell or coronary artery wall determining a varied but a wide spectrum of alterations. Necrosis may be well defined as a result of those morphological changes which follow cell death in a living tissue or organ with partial or total loss in their function. All infarcts of the heart muscle belong to the group of necrotic lesions, but not all cardiac necroses are necessarily infarcts. Coronarogenic, or non-coronarogenic mechanism following a direct action of tobacco compounds on myocardial cells may induce myocardial cell necrosis. Smoke cardiomyopathy is probably the most typical evidence of cellular damage induced by cigarette smoking on the myocardium. The term cardiomyopathy is used to describe all those forms of degenerative myocardial lesions caused directly by toxics or metabolic substances and, indirectly, by changes in blood flow which are able to induce chronic hypoxia. Initially, smoke cardiomyopathy is not characterised by necrotic phenomena but, instead, by alterations of those intracellular structures RNA- related like mitochondria and ribosomes, which are primarily deputed to carry out metabolic and respiratory pathways of myocardial cells, the function of which strongly depends on oxygen availability. Experimental findings documented undoubtedly either the type of cellular changes or their reproducibility after both acute or chronic exposure to cigarette smoke.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Leone A., Jr. Landini L., Biadi O. and Balbarini A., Smoking and Cardiovascular System: Cellular Features of the Damage, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2008; 14 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208784746699
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208784746699 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Bridging the Gap: The Potential Role of Corticosteroid Binding Globulin in Cardiac Steroid Facilitation
Current Drug Targets FoxO Transcription Factors and Regenerative Pathways in Diabetes Mellitus
Current Neurovascular Research A Review on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Treatment for Epilepsy
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Emerging Potential of Citrus Flavanones as an Antioxidant in Diabetes and its Complications
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Tackling Cardiovascular Risk: New Evidence from Personalized Medicine
Current Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine Chromium-Picolinate Therapy in Diabetes Care: Molecular and Subcellular Profiling Revealed a Necessity for Individual Outcome Prediction, Personalised Treatment Algorithms & New Guidelines
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets A Palliative Care Approach to the Advanced Heart Failure Patient
Current Cardiology Reviews Basal Septal Hypertrophy
Current Cardiology Reviews Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: An Intriguing Challenge. Case Report with Literature Review
Current Cardiology Reviews Positron Emitting Tracers in Pre-Clinical Drug Development
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Therapeutic Potential of Coagonists of Glucagon and GLP-1
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Myocardial Energetics in Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Current Cardiology Reviews The Evolving Roles of Nuclear Cardiology
Current Cardiology Reviews Effects of Statins on Transplant Graft Arterial Diseases
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Clinical Review of COVID-19; Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Failure of Immunomodulation Therapy in Heart Failure: Does the Statins “Paradigm” Prove the Rule?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Stem Cells and Cardiac Disease: Where are We Going?
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Protein Synthesis and Assembly in Mitochondrial Disorders
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Cell Penetrating Peptide Delivery of Splice Directing Oligonucleotides as a Treatment for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Atrial Conduction Disorders
Current Cardiology Reviews