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Review Article

Oral Semaglutide in the Management of Type 2 DM: Clinical Status and Comparative Analysis

Author(s): Ilora Bandyopadhyay, Sunny Dave, Amita Rai, Madhavan Nampoothiri, Mallikarjuna Rao Chamallamudi and Nitesh Kumar*

Volume 23, Issue 3, 2022

Published on: 24 November, 2021

Page: [311 - 327] Pages: 17

DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210901125420

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: In the incretin system, Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a hormone that inhibits the release of glucagon and regulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion. In type 2 diabetes, correcting the impaired incretin system using GLP-1 agonist is a well-defined therapeutic strategy.

Objectives: This review article aims to discuss the mechanism of action, key regulatory events, clinical trials for glycaemic control, and comparative analysis of semaglutide with the second-line antidiabetic drugs.

Description: Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist with enhanced glycaemic control in diabetes patients. In 2019, USFDA approved the first oral GLP-1 receptor agonist, semaglutide, to be administered as a once-daily tablet. Further, recent studies highlight the ability of semaglutide to improve Glycemic control in obese patients with a reduction in body weight. Still, in clinical practice, in the type 2 DM treatment paradigm, the impact of oral semaglutide remains unidentified. This review article discusses the mechanism of action, pharmacodynamics, key regulatory events, and clinical trials regarding glycaemic control.

Conclusion: The review highlights the comparative analysis of semaglutide with the existing second- line drugs for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by stressing its benefits and adverse events.

Keywords: Oral Semaglutide, GLP-1 receptor agonist, mechanism of action, type 2 diabetes, glycemic control, incretin system.

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