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Current Molecular Medicine

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ISSN (Print): 1566-5240
ISSN (Online): 1875-5666

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Review Article

Intraocular Exosomes in Eye Diseases

Author(s): Hui Zhang, Xiaomin Zhang* and Xiaorong Li

Volume 22, Issue 6, 2022

Published on: 01 September, 2021

Page: [540 - 548] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666210901122948

Price: $65

Abstract

Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles with a size of 30–150nm, contain many biological materials, such as messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), proteins, and transcription factors. It has been identified in all biological fluids and recognized as an important part of intercellular communication. While the role of exosomes in cancer has been studied in-depth, our understanding of their relevance for ocular tissues has just begun to evolve. Intraocular fluids, including aqueous humor and vitreous humor, play a role in nourishing eye tissues and in expelling metabolites. In the pathological state, intraocular exosomes can mediate pathological processes such as ECM remodeling, retinal inflammation, and blood-retinal barrier dysfunction. Herein, we reviewed the latest advances of intraocular exosomes in the research of several eye diseases, including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, myopia, and ocular tumors, and discuss how intraocular exosomes contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of multiple eye diseases.

Keywords: Exosomes, aqueous humor, vitreous humor, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, extracellular vesicles.

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