Antimalarial Drug Discovery: From Quinine to the Most Recent
Promising Clinical Drug Candidates

Camille      Tisnerat; Alexandra      Dassonville-Klimpt; Fabien      Gosselet; Pascal      Sonnet
Abstract

Malaria is a tropical threatening disease caused by Plasmodium parasites, resulting in 409,000 deaths in 2019. The delay of mortality and morbidity has been compounded by the widespread of drug resistant parasites from Southeast Asia since two decades. The emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium in Africa, where most cases are accounted, highlights the urgent need for new medicines. In this effort, the World Health Organization and Medicines for Malaria Venture joined to define clear goals for novel therapies and characterized the target candidate profile. This ongoing search for new treatments is based on imperative labor in medicinal chemistry which is summarized here with particular attention to hit-to-lead optimizations, key properties, and modes of action of these novel antimalarial drugs. This review, after presenting the current antimalarial chemotherapy, from quinine to the latest marketed drugs, focuses in particular on recent advances of the most promising antimalarial candidates in clinical and preclinical phases.
Keywords: Malaria, Plasmodium, clinical trials, drug development, drug discovery, medicines, mode of action.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210803152419	Print ISSN 0929-8673
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-533X
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