Abstract
The current meta-analysis of the cohort review was designed to elucidate the progress made in neuroproteomics of the synaptosome. The association of the comprehensive synaptic proteome and its link to physiological or pathological setting is rapidly mounting. Chemical synapses in the brain are focal hot spots for interneuronal signalling, signal transduction, and its plasticity. Structurally, synapses comprise axon termini or the presynapse (vesicles filled with neurotransmitters that function as molecular signals), synaptic clefts (extracellular matrix and adhesion molecules), and Postsynaptic Density or PSD (with receptors for neurotransmitters that rely upon the chemical signalling). The pre- and post-synaptic clefts are responsible for mediating and regulating neurotransmitter release, their receptor binding, and perception rely on chemical signals. Moreover, short- and long-term structural and functional alterations that are necessary for the optimal higherorder brain functions are also mainly dependent on the protein dynamics at the synapses. Not surprisingly, disruptions in synaptic physiology are considered as the major pathogenic mechanisms underlying the progression of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. This review briefly discusses the subcellular fractionation protocols and the related biochemical approaches for the isolation of synaptic compartments. Besides, it discusses the progress made in understanding the pathological alterations in the synaptic proteome in neurodegenerative disorders, particularly focussing on Alzheimer's disease dementia.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, neurodegenerative disorders, proteomics, synapse, synaptosome, dementia.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
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