摘要
胰腺导管腺癌(PDA)是一种高度转移性肿瘤,肝脏是其首要靶点,限制了药物的使用。 PDA 被认为是世界上最具侵袭性的癌症之一,根据诊断阶段的不同,其存活时间极短。在非手术情况下,化疗替代方案仅对 40% 至 60% 的患者有效。治疗效率低的主要原因是PDA微环境复杂,导致对治疗产生耐药性,难以到达受影响的组织。 PDA 的一个非常重要的组织学特征是极其致密的基质,这导致肿瘤组织的低血管化。因此,基质环境导致肿瘤细胞中的药物积累较少,即使是选择性和/或靶向药物也是如此。克服基质的微环境是治疗的主要挑战。此外,特定基因由于其高进展而导致 PDA 中的直接化学抗性。在这种情况下,纳米技术似乎是克服这些临床挑战的替代方法,涉及两种不同的方式:作用于基质或/和直接作用于胰腺肿瘤细胞。因此,这篇综述旨在突出纳米技术应用的进展,旨在开辟对抗 PDA 的新局面。在临床前和临床试验中,有大量携带药物的纳米颗粒用于有效治疗 PDA。已经讨论了这些工作,并根据当前情况,提出了有效治疗 PDA 的未来前景。
关键词: 胰腺导管腺癌,药物递送,纳米粒子,纳米颗粒,基质,实体肿瘤
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title:The Emerging Landscapes to Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer
Volume: 28 Issue: 26
关键词: 胰腺导管腺癌,药物递送,纳米粒子,纳米颗粒,基质,实体肿瘤
摘要: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a highly metastatic tumor, and the liver is its first target, which restricts the use of medications. PDA is considered one of the most aggressive types of cancer in the world, with an extremely short survival time, depending on the stage of diagnosis. In non-surgical cases, chemotherapy alternatives are only effective in 40% to 60% of patients. The low efficiency of treatments occurs mainly due to the complex microenvironment in PDA, leading to chemoresistance to treatments and making it difficult to reach the affected tissue. A very important histological characteristic of PDA is the extremely dense stroma, which leads to low vascularization of tumor tissue. Consequently, the stroma environment causes less drug accumulation in tumor cells, even of selective and/or targeted drugs. Overcoming the stroma's microenvironment is a major challenge for therapies. Moreover, specific genes lead to direct chemoresistance in PDA due to their high progression. In this scenario, nanotechnology appears as an alternative to overcome these clinical challenges concerning two distinct ways: acting on the stroma or/and acting directly on the pancreatic tumor cells. Thus, this review aimed to highlight advances in the application of nanotechnology aiming to open up new landscapes against PDA. There are a huge number of nanoparticles carrying drugs in preclinical and clinical trials for the effective treatment of PDA. These works have been discussed, and based on the current scenario, the future prospects for an efficient treatment of PDA have been proposed.
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The Emerging Landscapes to Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2021; 28 (26) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210319144347
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210319144347 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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