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Current Drug Metabolism

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1389-2002
ISSN (Online): 1875-5453

Research Article

Rapid Profiling of the Marker Components in Artemisia annua L. and their Metabolites in Rats Using an Improved Liquid Chromatography-tandem Highresolution Mass Spectrometry-based Technology

Author(s): Xin Wang, Tianyu Cai, Yuewu Xie, Xiaoyue Chen, Aijuan Yang and Jie Xing*

Volume 22, Issue 11, 2021

Published on: 29 January, 2021

Page: [858 - 869] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/1389200222666210129160643

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: As parasite resistance to the main artemisinin drugs has emerged in Southern Asia, the traditional herb Artemisia annua L. (AAL) from which artemisinin (QHS) isolated was found to overcome resistance to QHS. However the component and metabolite profiles of AAL remain unclear.

Objective: In this study, component profiling of marker compounds in AAL (amorphane sesquiterpene lactones and flavonoids) was performed and their subsequent metabolism was investigated in rats.

Methods: For efficient component classification and structural characterization, an improved liquid chromatography- tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS)-based analytical strategy was applied, i.e., background subtraction (BS) followed by ring-double-bond (RDB) filter in tandem with repeated BS processing. Structures of detected components/metabolites were characterized based on integrated information including their HRMSn patterns, RDB values, the established component/metabolite network, the biosynthesis pathways of AAL, and/or NMR data.

Results: A total of 38 amorphane sesquiterpene lactones and 35 flavonoids were found in AAL as prototype compounds, among which 26 components were previously undescribed. Major compounds were identified by comparing them with reference standards. Among 73 AAL prototypes administered, 38 were absorbed in the circulation as the prototype. Moreover, 20 metabolites of amorphane sesquiterpene lactones and 10 metabolites of flavonoids were detected in rats. The major metabolic pathways included oxidation, methylation, glucuronidation and sulfation.

Conclusion: The component and metabolite network were established for marker components in AAL, which will be valuable to understand the synergistic antimalarial potency of QHS in A. annua L. The analytical strategy can also be applied to other herbal medicines.

Keywords: Artemisia annua L., component profiling, metabolite identification, sesquiterpene lactone, flavonoid, high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Graphical Abstract

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