Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate due to population growth, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and aging. Consequently, diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease) are also rising. Traditional oral hypoglycaemic agents only partially prevent the development of these complications. This suggests that selective treatment options that target specific biological pathways (i.e. metabolic factors, intracellular signaling proteins and growth factors) may be a more effective strategy. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic animal models have been produced spontaneously by selective inbreeding or by genetic modification, as well as, pharmacological induction. These models have become a safe and reliable option to test the therapeutic potential of novel drugs. They also help to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. This review highlights the most commonly used animal models for the treatment of diabetic micro and macrovascular complications.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, animal models, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Vascular Complications
Volume: 14 Issue: 4
Author(s): Cecil S. Thompson
Affiliation:
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, animal models, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications
Abstract: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate due to population growth, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and aging. Consequently, diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease) are also rising. Traditional oral hypoglycaemic agents only partially prevent the development of these complications. This suggests that selective treatment options that target specific biological pathways (i.e. metabolic factors, intracellular signaling proteins and growth factors) may be a more effective strategy. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic animal models have been produced spontaneously by selective inbreeding or by genetic modification, as well as, pharmacological induction. These models have become a safe and reliable option to test the therapeutic potential of novel drugs. They also help to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. This review highlights the most commonly used animal models for the treatment of diabetic micro and macrovascular complications.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Thompson S. Cecil, Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Vascular Complications, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2008; 14 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208783497679
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208783497679 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
VEGF Mediates ApoE4-Induced Neovascularization and Synaptic Pathology in the Choroid and Retina
Current Alzheimer Research Structural Chromosome Abnormalities Associated with Obesity: Report of Four New Subjects and Review of Literature
Current Genomics Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 Activator (DIZE) Modulates Metabolic Profiles in Mice, Decreasing Lipogenesis
Protein & Peptide Letters Evolution of Biomarker Guided Therapy for Heart Failure: Current Concepts and Trial Evidence
Current Cardiology Reviews Advanced Glycation: How are we Progressing to Combat this Web of Sugar Anomalies in Diabetic Nephropathy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Lipid-Lowering Drugs Acting at the Level of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Current Pharmaceutical Design Electrophysiologic Considerations After Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Current Cardiology Reviews Modulation of Intracellular Restriction Factors Contributes to Methamphetamine- Mediated Enhancement of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Virus Infection of Macrophages
Current HIV Research Patents on Technologies of Human Tissue and Organ Regeneration from Pluripotent Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Plasma Angiotensin-(1-7) is a Potential Biomarker for Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Neurovascular Research Pharmacological Interactions on Blood Pressure Control in Arterial Hypertension, An Issue not to be Overlooked
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Acute Cerebral Blood Flow Variations after Human Cardiac Arrest Assessed by Stable Xenon Enhanced Computed Tomography
Current Neurovascular Research Appropriate Application of Evidence to the Care of Elderly Patients with Diabetes
Current Diabetes Reviews Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA): Past Present and Future
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Long-Term Bronchodilator Inhaled Therapy in COPD: The Role of Tiotropium Bromidum
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Research/Review: Insights into the Mutation-Induced Dysfunction of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism from Modeling of Human CYP2J2
Current Drug Metabolism α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunit in Angiogenesis and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition
Current Drug Targets The Molecular Concept of Atheromatous Plaques
Current Drug Targets Beta Blockers and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Sum of Evidence
Current Hypertension Reviews Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Biotechnology