Generic placeholder image

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1574-888X
ISSN (Online): 2212-3946

Review Article

Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Comprehensive Review

Author(s): Pouria Samadi, Sahar Saki, Hamed Manoochehri and Mohsen Sheykhhasan*

Volume 16, Issue 3, 2021

Published on: 14 September, 2020

Page: [323 - 353] Pages: 31

DOI: 10.2174/1574888X15666200914142709

Price: $65

Abstract

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) are one of the most promising tools for cell therapy, that are isolated from bone marrow and many other adult tissues such as liver, cord blood, placenta, dental pulp and adipose tissue. Due to the lack of MHC class II expression on the surface of MSCs, they can also be used as a potent cell source for tissue regeneration in non-autologous cell therapy applications. Many advantages of MSCs such as their self-renewal, in vitro proliferation, rapid cell doubling capacity, anti-fibrotic, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive effects, and also paracrine nature have been demonstrated in various pre-- clinical studies and clinical evidence. The ability of MSCs to differentiate into multiple cell lineages, as well as the lack of ethical issues in comparison with embryonic and induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs), has introduced them as a suitable candidate for cell therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various clinical trials based on MSCs for the treatment of a variety of diseases, demonstrating their capability in the treatment of dermatological, musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastroenterological and urological conditions, etc.

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells, cell therapy, regenerative medicine, cardiovascular, gastroenterological, musculoskeletal.

[1]
Abu-Dawud R, Graffmann N, Ferber S, Wruck W, Adjaye J. Pluripotent stem cells: Induction and self-renewal Phil Trans R Soc B 2018; 373(1750): 20170213.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0213]
[2]
Zhang J, Jiao J. Molecular biomarkers for embryonic and adult neural stem cell and neurogenesis Biomed Res Int 2015.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/727542]
[3]
Kulcenty K, Wróblewska J, Mazurek S, Liszewska E, Jaworski J. Molecular mechanisms of induced pluripotency. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2015; 19(1A): A22-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/wo.2014.47134] [PMID: 25691818]
[4]
Volarevic V, Markovic BS, Gazdic M, et al. Ethical and safety issues of stem cell-based therapy. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15(1): 36-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijms.21666] [PMID: 29333086]
[5]
Wei X, Yang X, Han ZP, Qu FF, Shao L, Shi YF. Mesenchymal stem cells: A new trend for cell therapy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34(6): 747-54.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/aps.2013.50] [PMID: 23736003]
[6]
Sart S, Agathos SN. Large-scale expansion and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in microcarrier-based stirred bioreactors Bioreactors in Stem Cell Biology. Springer 2015; pp. 87-102.
[7]
Miao X, Wu X, Shi W. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in neurological disorders: A clinical study. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2015; 52(2): 140-6.
[PMID: 26118125]
[8]
Momin EN, Mohyeldin A, Zaidi HA, Vela G, Quiñones-Hinojosa A. Mesenchymal stem cells: New approaches for the treatment of neurological diseases. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2010; 5(4): 326-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157488810793351631] [PMID: 20528757]
[9]
Song C-G, Zhang Y-Z, Wu H-N, et al. Stem cells: A promising candidate to treat neurological disorders. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13(7): 1294-304.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.235085] [PMID: 30028342]
[10]
Morigi M, Rota C, Remuzzi G. Mesenchymal stem cells in kidney repair Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Springer 2016; pp. 89-107.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-3584-0_5]
[11]
Pourjafar M, Saidijam M, Etemadi K, Najafi R. All-trans retinoic acid enhances in vitro mesenchymal stem cells migration by targeting matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39(8): 1263-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-017-2350-1] [PMID: 28488074]
[12]
Lee S-J, Ryu M-O, Seo M-S, Park S-B, Ahn J-O, Han S-M, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells contribute to improvement of renal function in a canine kidney injury model in vivo 2017; 31(6): 1115-24.
[13]
Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang L, Li J, Zhu C. Mesenchymal stem cells: potential application for the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9(1): 59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-0814-4] [PMID: 29523186]
[14]
Zhao L, Chen S, Shi X, Cao H, Li L. A pooled analysis of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for liver disease. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9(1): 72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-0816-2] [PMID: 29562935]
[15]
Gazdic M, Arsenijevic A, Markovic BS, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-dependent modulation of liver diseases. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13(9): 1109-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/ijbs.20240] [PMID: 29104502]
[16]
Williams AR, Hare JM. Mesenchymal stem cells: Biology, pathophysiology, translational findings, and therapeutic implications for cardiac disease. Circ Res 2011; 109(8): 923-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.243147] [PMID: 21960725]
[17]
Karantalis V, Hare JM. Use of mesenchymal stem cells for therapy of cardiac disease. Circ Res 2015; 116(8): 1413-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.303614] [PMID: 25858066]
[18]
Majka M, Sułkowski M, Badyra B, Musiałek P. Concise review: mesenchymal stem cells in cardiovascular regeneration: Emerging research directions and clinical applications. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6(10): 1859-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sctm.16-0484] [PMID: 28836732]
[19]
Paschos NK, Sennett ML. Update on mesenchymal stem cell therapies for cartilage disorders. World J Orthop 2017; 8(12): 853-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5312/wjo.v8.i12.853] [PMID: 29312843]
[20]
Oryan A, Kamali A, Moshiri A, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. Role of mesenchymal stem cells in bone regenerative medicine: What is the evidence? Cells Tissues Organs (Print) 2017; 204(2): 59-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000469704] [PMID: 28647733]
[21]
Lee WY, Wang B. Cartilage repair by mesenchymal stem cells: Clinical trial update and perspectives. J Orthop Translat 2017; 9: 76-88.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jot.2017.03.005] [PMID: 29662802]
[22]
Akram KM, Samad S, Spiteri M, Forsyth NR. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy and lung diseases Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Basics and Clinical Application II. Springer 2012; pp. 105-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10_2012_140]
[23]
Inamdar AC, Inamdar AA. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in lung disorders: Pathogenesis of lung diseases and mechanism of action of mesenchymal stem cell. Exp Lung Res 2013; 39(8): 315-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/01902148.2013.816803] [PMID: 23992090]
[24]
Antoniou KM, Karagiannis K, Tsitoura E, et al. Clinical applications of mesenchymal stem cells in chronic lung diseases. Biomed Rep 2018; 8(4): 314-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/br.2018.1067] [PMID: 29556380]
[25]
Zhao Z-G, Xu W, Yu H-P, et al. Functional characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes. Cancer Lett 2012; 317(2): 136-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2011.08.030] [PMID: 22240014]
[26]
Baghaei K, Hashemi SM, Tokhanbigli S, et al. Isolation, differentiation, and characterization of mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench 2017; 10(3): 208-13.
[PMID: 29118937]
[27]
Ullah I, Subbarao RB, Rho GJ. Human mesenchymal stem cells - current trends and future prospective. Biosci Rep 2015; 35(2)e00191
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BSR20150025] [PMID: 25797907]
[28]
Machado CdeV, Telles PD, Nascimento IL. Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 2013; 35(1): 62-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5581/1516-8484.20130017] [PMID: 23580887]
[29]
Gao F, Chiu SM, Motan DA, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells and immunomodulation: Current status and future prospects. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7(1)e2062
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cddis.2015.327] [PMID: 26794657]
[30]
Saeedi P, Halabian R, Imani Fooladi AA. A revealing review of mesenchymal stem cells therapy, clinical perspectives and Modification strategies. Stem Cell Investig 2019; 6: 34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/sci.2019.08.11] [PMID: 31620481]
[31]
Atkinson K. The biology and therapeutic application of mesenchymal cells, 2 volume set. John Wiley & Sons 2017.
[32]
Florencio-Silva R. Biology of bone tissue: structure, function, and factors that influence bone cells Biomed Res Int 2015.
[33]
Sophia Fox AJ, Bedi A, Rodeo SA. The basic science of articular cartilage: Structure, composition, and function. Sports Health 2009; 1(6): 461-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1941738109350438] [PMID: 23015907]
[34]
Sheykhhasan M, Qomi RT, Ghiasi M. Fibrin scaffolds designing in order to human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiation to chondrocytes in the presence of TGF-β3. Int J Stem Cells 2015; 8(2): 219-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15283/ijsc.2015.8.2.219] [PMID: 26634070]
[35]
Sheykhhasan M, Qomi RT, Kalhor N, Mehdizadeh M, Ghiasi M. Evaluation of the ability of natural and synthetic scaffolds in providing an appropriate environment for growth and chondrogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Indian J Orthop 2015; 49(5): 561-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5413.164043] [PMID: 26538764]
[36]
Zhang Y, Jordan JM. Epidemiology of osteoarthritis. Clin Geriatr Med 2010; 26(3): 355-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2010.03.001] [PMID: 20699159]
[37]
Malih S, Saidijam M, Mansouri K, et al. Promigratory and proangiogenic effects of AdipoRon on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: An in vitro study. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39(1): 39-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10529-016-2214-0] [PMID: 27627895]
[38]
Stanovici J, Le Nail L-R, Brennan MA, et al. Bone regeneration strategies with bone marrow stromal cells in orthopaedic surgery. Curr Res Transl Med 2016; 64(2): 83-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.retram.2016.04.006] [PMID: 27316391]
[39]
Lotfy A, El-Sherbiny YM, Cuthbert R, Jones E, Badawy A. Comparative study of biological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from mouse bone marrow and peripheral blood. Biomed Rep 2019; 11(4): 165-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/br.2019.1236] [PMID: 31565222]
[40]
Chen Y-R, Yan X, Yuan F-Z, et al. The use of peripheral blood-derived stem cells for cartilage repair and regeneration In Vivo: A review. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11: 404.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00404] [PMID: 32308625]
[41]
Mansilla E, Marın G, Drago H, Sturla F, Salas E, Gardiner C, Eds. Bloodstream cells phenotypically identical to human mesenchymal bone marrow stem cells circulate in large amounts under the influence of acute large skin damage: New evidence for their use in regenerative medicine Transplantation proceedings. Elsevier 2006.
[42]
Gupta S, Hawker GA, Laporte A, Croxford R, Coyte PC. The economic burden of disabling hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA) from the perspective of individuals living with this condition. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005; 44(12): 1531-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/kei049] [PMID: 16091394]
[43]
Shi D, Clement ND, Bhonde R, Ikegawa S, Mascarenhas VV, Di Matteo B, et al. Society for translational medicine-expert consensus on the treatment of osteoarthritis. Consensus 2019.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/aoj.2019.12.13]
[44]
Jevsevar DS, Brown GA, Jones DL, et al. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons evidence-based guideline on: Treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee, 2nd edition. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2013; 95(20): 1885-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-201310160-00010] [PMID: 24288804]
[45]
Sheykhhasan M, Manoochehri H, Pourjafar M, Fayazi N. Mesenchymal stem cells as a valuable agent in osteoarthritis treatment. Stem Cell Investig 2018; 5: 41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/sci.2018.11.04] [PMID: 30596081]
[46]
Wang M, Yuan Q, Xie L. Mesenchymal stem cell-based immunomodulation: Properties and clinical application Stem Cells Int 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3057624]
[47]
Vinardell T, Sheehy EJ, Buckley CT, Kelly DJ. A comparison of the functionality and in vivo phenotypic stability of cartilaginous tissues engineered from different stem cell sources. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 18(11-12): 1161-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0544] [PMID: 22429262]
[48]
Pagnotto MR, Wang Z, Karpie JC, Ferretti M, Xiao X, Chu CR. Adeno-associated viral gene transfer of transforming growth factor-β1 to human mesenchymal stem cells improves cartilage repair. Gene Ther 2007; 14(10): 804-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.gt.3302938] [PMID: 17344902]
[49]
Liang X, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Tse H-F, Lian Q. Paracrine mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy: Current status and perspectives. Cell Transplant 2014; 23(9): 1045-59.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368913X667709] [PMID: 23676629]
[50]
Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I, et al. Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy 2006; 8(4): 315-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14653240600855905] [PMID: 16923606]
[51]
Steinert AF, Rackwitz L, Gilbert F, Nöth U, Tuan RS. Concise review: The clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells for musculoskeletal regeneration: Current status and perspectives. Stem Cells Transl Med 2012; 1(3): 237-47.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2011-0036] [PMID: 23197783]
[52]
Lee JW, Fang X, Krasnodembskaya A, Howard JP, Matthay MA. Concise review: Mesenchymal stem cells for acute lung injury: Role of paracrine soluble factors. Stem Cells 2011; 29(6): 913-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.643] [PMID: 21506195]
[53]
Roobrouck VD, Ulloa-Montoya F, Verfaillie CM. Self-renewal and differentiation capacity of young and aged stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2008; 314(9): 1937-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.03.006] [PMID: 18439579]
[54]
Steinert AF, Ghivizzani SC, Rethwilm A, Tuan RS, Evans CH, Nöth U. Major biological obstacles for persistent cell-based regeneration of articular cartilage. Arthritis Res Ther 2007; 9(3): 213.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/ar2195] [PMID: 17561986]
[55]
Pelttari K, Winter A, Steck E, et al. Premature induction of hypertrophy during in vitro chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells correlates with calcification and vascular invasion after ectopic transplantation in SCID mice. Arthritis Rheum 2006; 54(10): 3254-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.22136] [PMID: 17009260]
[56]
Sheykhhasan M, Manoochehri H, Samadi P, Fotouhi-Ardakani R, Kalhor N. Effect of platelet-rich plasma and mesenchymal stem cells as two biological alternatives in rotator cuff injury treatment: A mini-review Research in Molecular Medicine 2019; 7(3)
[http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/rmm.7.3.1]
[57]
De Windt TS, Vonk LA, Slaper-Cortenbach IC, et al. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells stimulate cartilage regeneration and are safe for single stage cartilage repair in humans upon mixture with recycled autologous chondrons. Stem Cells 2017; 35(1): 256-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.2475] [PMID: 27507787]
[58]
Akgun I, Unlu MC, Erdal OA, et al. Matrix-induced autologous mesenchymal stem cell implantation versus matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation in the treatment of chondral defects of the knee: A 2-year randomized study. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2015; 135(2): 251-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00402-014-2136-z] [PMID: 25548122]
[59]
Wakitani S, Okabe T, Horibe S, et al. Safety of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for cartilage repair in 41 patients with 45 joints followed for up to 11 years and 5 months. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2011; 5(2): 146-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/term.299] [PMID: 20603892]
[60]
Matas J, Orrego M, Amenabar D, et al. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for knee osteoarthritis: Repeated MSC dosing is superior to a single MSC dose and to hyaluronic acid in a controlled randomized phase I/II trial. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8(3): 215-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sctm.18-0053] [PMID: 30592390]
[61]
Lee WS, Kim HJ, Kim KI, Kim GB, Jin W. Intra articular injection of autologous adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A phase IIb, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8(6): 504-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sctm.18-0122] [PMID: 30835956]
[62]
Zhang J, Dong S, Sivak W, Sun HB, Tao K. Stem cells in cartilage regeneration Stem Cells Int 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7034726]
[63]
Gan Y, Li S, Li P, Xu Y, Wang L, Zhao C, et al. A controlled release codelivery system of MSCs encapsulated in dextran/gelatin hydrogel with TGF-β3-loaded nanoparticles for nucleus pulposus regeneration Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016: 9042019.
[64]
Vadalà G, Studer RK, Sowa G, et al. Coculture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and nucleus pulposus cells modulate gene expression profile without cell fusion. Spine 2008; 33(8): 870-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/BRS.0b013e31816b4619] [PMID: 18404106]
[65]
Götherström C, Westgren M, Shaw SW, et al. Pre- and postnatal transplantation of fetal mesenchymal stem cells in osteogenesis imperfecta: A two-center experience. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3(2): 255-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2013-0090] [PMID: 24342908]
[66]
Pereira RF, O’Hara MD, Laptev AV, et al. Marrow stromal cells as a source of progenitor cells for nonhematopoietic tissues in transgenic mice with a phenotype of osteogenesis imperfecta. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95(3): 1142-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.95.3.1142] [PMID: 9448299]
[67]
Horwitz EM, Prockop DJ, Gordon PL, et al. Clinical responses to bone marrow transplantation in children with severe osteogenesis imperfecta. Blood 2001; 97(5): 1227-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.V97.5.1227] [PMID: 11222364]
[68]
Horwitz EM, Gordon PL, Koo WK, et al. Isolated allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells engraft and stimulate growth in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: Implications for cell therapy of bone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99(13): 8932-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.132252399] [PMID: 12084934]
[69]
Bahney CS, Zondervan RL, Allison P, et al. Cellular biology of fracture healing. J Orthop Res 2019; 37(1): 35-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.24170] [PMID: 30370699]
[70]
Tseng SS, Lee MA, Reddi AH. Nonunions and the potential of stem cells in fracture-healing. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008; 90(Suppl. 1): 92-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/JBJS.G.01192] [PMID: 18292363]
[71]
Einhorn TA. Current concepts review. Enhancement of fracture-healing. JBJS 1995; 77(6): 940-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-199506000-00016]
[72]
Hayda RA, Brighton CT, Esterhai JL Jr. Pathophysiology of delayed healing. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998; (355): (Suppl.)S31-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199810001-00005] [PMID: 9917624]
[73]
Marsh D. Concepts of fracture union, delayed union, and nonunion. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1998; (355): (Suppl.)S22-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199810001-00004] [PMID: 9917623]
[74]
Quarto R, Mastrogiacomo M, Cancedda R, et al. Repair of large bone defects with the use of autologous bone marrow stromal cells. N Engl J Med 2001; 344(5): 385-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200102013440516] [PMID: 11195802]
[75]
Marcacci M, Kon E, Moukhachev V, et al. Stem cells associated with macroporous bioceramics for long bone repair: 6- to 7-year outcome of a pilot clinical study. Tissue Eng 2007; 13(5): 947-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ten.2006.0271] [PMID: 17484701]
[76]
Undale AH, Westendorf JJ, Yaszemski MJ, Khosla S, Eds. Mesenchymal stem cells for bone repair and metabolic bone diseases Mayo Clin Proc. Elsevier 2009.
[77]
Lu T-J, Chiu F-Y, Chiu H-Y, Chang M-C, Hung S-C. Chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional chitosan film culture. Cell Transplant 2017; 26(3): 417-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/096368916X693464] [PMID: 27737727]
[78]
Giuliani N, Lisignoli G, Magnani M, Racano C, Bolzoni M, Dalla Palma B, et al. New insights into osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their potential clinical applications for bone regeneration in pediatric orthopaedics Stem Cells Int 2013.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/312501]
[79]
Salamanna F, Sartori M, Brodano GB, Griffoni C, Martini L, Boriani S, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of spinal arthrodesis: From preclinical research to clinical scenario Stem Cells Int 2017.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3537094]
[80]
Loibl M, Wuertz Kozak K, Vadala G, Lang S, Fairbank J, Urban JP. Controversies in regenerative medicine: Should intervertebral disc degeneration be treated with mesenchymal stem cells? JOR spine 2019; 2(1): e1043.
[81]
Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Bueno C, Insausti CL, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells derived from dental tissues. Int Endod J 2011; 44(9): 800-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01877.x] [PMID: 21477154]
[82]
Huang GT-J, Sonoyama W, Chen J, Park SH. In vitro characterization of human dental pulp cells: Various isolation methods and culturing environments. Cell Tissue Res 2006; 324(2): 225-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00441-005-0117-9] [PMID: 16440193]
[83]
Carinci F, Papaccio G, Laino G, et al. Comparison between genetic portraits of osteoblasts derived from primary cultures and osteoblasts obtained from human pulpar stem cells. J Craniofac Surg 2008; 19(3): 616-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e31816aabc8] [PMID: 18520373]
[84]
Kerkis I, Kerkis A, Dozortsev D, et al. Isolation and characterization of a population of immature dental pulp stem cells expressing OCT-4 and other embryonic stem cell markers. Cells Tissues Organs (Print) 2006; 184(3-4): 105-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000099617] [PMID: 17409736]
[85]
Miura M, Gronthos S, Zhao M, et al. SHED: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003; 100(10): 5807-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0937635100] [PMID: 12716973]
[86]
Isaka J, Ohazama A, Kobayashi M, et al. Participation of periodontal ligament cells with regeneration of alveolar bone. J Periodontol 2001; 72(3): 314-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2001.72.3.314] [PMID: 11327058]
[87]
Seo B-M, Miura M, Gronthos S, et al. Investigation of multipotent postnatal stem cells from human periodontal ligament. Lancet 2004; 364(9429): 149-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16627-0] [PMID: 15246727]
[88]
Abe S, Yamaguchi S, Amagasa T. Multilineage cells from apical pulp of human tooth with immature apex. Oral Sci Int 2007; 4(1): 45-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1348-8643(07)80011-5]
[89]
Sonoyama W, Liu Y, Yamaza T, et al. Characterization of the apical papilla and its residing stem cells from human immature permanent teeth: A pilot study. J Endod 2008; 34(2): 166-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2007.11.021] [PMID: 18215674]
[90]
Morsczeck C, Götz W, Schierholz J, et al. Isolation of precursor cells (PCs) from human dental follicle of wisdom teeth. Matrix Biol 2005; 24(2): 155-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2004.12.004] [PMID: 15890265]
[91]
Kémoun P, Laurencin-Dalicieux S, Rue J, et al. Human dental follicle cells acquire cementoblast features under stimulation by BMP-2/-7 and enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) in vitro. Cell Tissue Res 2007; 329(2): 283-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00441-007-0397-3] [PMID: 17443352]
[92]
d’Aquino R, De Rosa A, Lanza V, et al. Human mandible bone defect repair by the grafting of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells and collagen sponge biocomplexes. Eur Cell Mater 2009; 18(7): 75-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.22203/eCM.v018a07] [PMID: 19908196]
[93]
Giuliani A, Manescu A, Langer M, et al. Three years after transplants in human mandibles, histological and in-line holotomography revealed that stem cells regenerated a compact rather than a spongy bone: Biological and clinical implications. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 2(4): 316-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5966/sctm.2012-0136] [PMID: 23502599]
[94]
Oczypok EA, Perkins TN, Oury TD. All the “RAGE” in lung disease: The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a major mediator of pulmonary inflammatory responses. Paediatr Respir Rev 2017; 23: 40-9.
[PMID: 28416135]
[95]
Ayala-Cuellar AP, Kang J-H, Jeung E-B, Choi K-C. Roles of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue regeneration and immunomodulation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27(1): 25-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2017.260] [PMID: 29902862]
[96]
Zhao R, Su Z, Wu J, Ji H-L. Serious adverse events of cell therapy for respiratory diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8(18): 30511-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.15426] [PMID: 28430622]
[97]
Lee RH, Pulin AA, Seo MJ, et al. Intravenous hMSCs improve myocardial infarction in mice because cells embolized in lung are activated to secrete the anti-inflammatory protein TSG-6. Cell Stem Cell 2009; 5(1): 54-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2009.05.003] [PMID: 19570514]
[98]
Karagiannidis C, Hense G, Martin C, et al. Activin A is an acute allergen-responsive cytokine and provides a link to TGF-β-mediated airway remodeling in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117(1): 111-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.09.017] [PMID: 16387593]
[99]
Barner M, Mohrs M, Brombacher F, Kopf M. Differences between IL-4R α-deficient and IL-4-deficient mice reveal a role for IL-13 in the regulation of Th2 responses. Curr Biol 1998; 8(11): 669-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70256-8] [PMID: 9635196]
[100]
Nakajima H, Iwamoto I, Tomoe S, et al. CD4+ T-lymphocytes and interleukin-5 mediate antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration into the mouse trachea. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146(2): 374-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/146.2.374] [PMID: 1362635]
[101]
Akbari O, Freeman GJ, Meyer EH, et al. Antigen-specific regulatory T cells develop via the ICOS-ICOS-ligand pathway and inhibit allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity. Nat Med 2002; 8(9): 1024-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm745] [PMID: 12145647]
[102]
Lee S-H, Jang A-S, Kwon J-H, Park S-K, Won J-H, Park C-S. Mesenchymal stem cell transfer suppresses airway remodeling in a toluene diisocyanate-induced murine asthma model. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2011; 3(3): 205-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4168/aair.2011.3.3.205] [PMID: 21738887]
[103]
Nemeth K, Keane-Myers A, Brown JM, Metcalfe DD, Gorham JD, Bundoc VG, et al. Bone marrow stromal cells use TGF-β to suppress allergic responses in a mouse model of ragweed-induced asthma. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 200910720.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0910720107]
[104]
Bonfield TL, Koloze M, Lennon DP, Zuchowski B, Yang SE, Caplan AI. Human mesenchymal stem cells suppress chronic airway inflammation in the murine ovalbumin asthma model. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2010; 299(6): L760-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00182.2009] [PMID: 20817776]
[105]
Kavanagh H, Mahon BP. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells prevent allergic airway inflammation by inducing murine regulatory T cells. Allergy 2011; 66(4): 523-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02509.x] [PMID: 21091718]
[106]
Goodwin M, Sueblinvong V, Eisenhauer P, et al. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit Th2-mediated allergic airways inflammation in mice. Stem Cells 2011; 29(7): 1137-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.656] [PMID: 21544902]
[107]
Abreu SC, Antunes MA, de Castro JC, et al. Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells vs. mesenchymal stromal cells in experimental allergic asthma. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 187(2): 190-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resp.2013.03.014] [PMID: 23548824]
[108]
Fan E, Brodie D, Slutsky AS. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: Advances in diagnosis and treatment. JAMA 2018; 319(7): 698-710.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2017.21907] [PMID: 29466596]
[109]
Pierrakos C, Karanikolas M, Scolletta S, Karamouzos V, Velissaris D. Acute respiratory distress syndrome: Pathophysiology and therapeutic options. J Clin Med Res 2012; 4(1): 7-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4021/jocmr761w] [PMID: 22383921]
[110]
Ishitsuka Y, Moriuchi H, Isohama Y, et al. A selective thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthase inhibitor, ozagrel, attenuates lung injury and decreases monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 mRNA expression in oleic acid-induced lung injury in guinea pigs. J Pharmacol Sci 2009; 111(2): 211-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/jphs.09128SC] [PMID: 19783866]
[111]
Goodman RB, Strieter RM, Martin DP, et al. Inflammatory cytokines in patients with persistence of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996; 154(3 Pt 1): 602-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.154.3.8810593] [PMID: 8810593]
[112]
Miller EJ, Cohen AB, Nagao S, et al. Elevated levels of NAP-1/interleukin-8 are present in the airspaces of patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome and are associated with increased mortality. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992; 146(2): 427-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/146.2.427] [PMID: 1489135]
[113]
Kim ES, Chang YS, Choi SJ, et al. Intratracheal transplantation of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuates Escherichia coli-induced acute lung injury in mice. Respir Res 2011; 12(1): 108.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-12-108] [PMID: 21843339]
[114]
Lee JW, Fang X, Gupta N, Serikov V, Matthay MA. Allogeneic human mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of E. coli endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in the ex vivo perfused human lung. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0907996106]
[115]
Mossman BT, Churg A. Mechanisms in the pathogenesis of asbestosis and silicosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998; 157(5 Pt 1): 1666-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.157.5.9707141] [PMID: 9603153]
[116]
Camus P, Fanton A, Bonniaud P, Camus C, Foucher P. Interstitial lung disease induced by drugs and radiation. Respiration 2004; 71(4): 301-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000079633] [PMID: 15316202]
[117]
Lee S-H, Jang A-S, Kim Y-E, et al. Modulation of cytokine and nitric oxide by mesenchymal stem cell transfer in lung injury/fibrosis. Respir Res 2010; 11(1): 16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-11-16] [PMID: 20137099]
[118]
Ortiz LA, Dutreil M, Fattman C, et al. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist mediates the antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effect of mesenchymal stem cells during lung injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104(26): 11002-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0704421104] [PMID: 17569781]
[119]
Moodley Y, Atienza D, Manuelpillai U, et al. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells reduce fibrosis of bleomycin-induced lung injury. Am J Pathol 2009; 175(1): 303-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2353/ajpath.2009.080629] [PMID: 19497992]
[120]
Yoo SH, Lee JH, Yoo KH, Jung K-S, Rhee CK. Different pattern of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test score between chronic bronchitis and non-chronic bronchitis patients. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2018; 81(3): 228-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4046/trd.2017.0088] [PMID: 29527842]
[121]
Eisenberg RL. Emphysema What radiology residents need to know: Chest radiology. Springer 2020; pp. 153-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16826-1_12]
[122]
Hao W, Li M, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Wang P. Inflammatory mediators in exhaled breath condensate and peripheral blood of healthy donors and stable COPD patients. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41(2): 224-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08923973.2019.1609496] [PMID: 31046512]
[123]
Guan XJ, Song L, Han FF, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells protect cigarette smoke-damaged lung and pulmonary function partly via VEGF-VEGF receptors. J Cell Biochem 2013; 114(2): 323-35.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.24377] [PMID: 22949406]
[124]
Huh JW, Kim S-Y, Lee JH, et al. Bone marrow cells repair cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in rats. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2011; 301(3): L255-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00253.2010] [PMID: 21622846]
[125]
Cruz FF. Rocco PRMJERoRM The potential of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for chronic lung disease 2020; 14(1): 31-9.
[126]
Goodarzi P, Aghayan HR, Larijani B, et al. Stem cell-based approach for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2015; 29: 168.
[PMID: 26000262]
[127]
Sanberg PR, Eve DJ, Cruz LE, Borlongan CV. Neurological disorders and the potential role for stem cells as a therapy. Br Med Bull 2012; 101(1): 163-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/lds001] [PMID: 22357552]
[128]
Tandon A, Singh SJ, Chaturvedi RK. Stem cells as potential targets of polyphenols in multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease Biomed Res Int 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1483791]
[129]
Dulamea A. Mesenchymal stem cells in multiple sclerosis - translation to clinical trials. J Med Life 2015; 8(1): 24-7.
[PMID: 25914733]
[130]
Connick P, Kolappan M, Patani R, et al. The mesenchymal stem cells in multiple sclerosis (MSCIMS) trial protocol and baseline cohort characteristics: An open-label pre-test: Post-test study with blinded outcome assessments. Trials 2011; 12(1): 62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-12-62] [PMID: 21366911]
[131]
Harris VK, Stark J, Vyshkina T, et al. Phase I trial of intrathecal mesenchymal stem cell-derived neural progenitors in progressive multiple sclerosis. EBioMedicine 2018; 29: 23-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.02.002] [PMID: 29449193]
[132]
Gugliandolo A, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in Parkinson’s disease animal models. Curr Res Transl Med 2017; 65(2): 51-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.retram.2016.10.007] [PMID: 28466824]
[133]
Shariati A, Nemati R, Sadeghipour Y, Yaghoubi Y, Baghbani R, Javidi K, et al. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for neurodegenerative disease; a promising frontier. Eur J Cell Biol 2020.151097
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151097]
[134]
White IA, Sanina C, Balkan W, Hare JM. Mesenchymal stem cells in cardiology Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Springer 2016; pp. 55-87.
[135]
Khoei SG, Dermani FK, Malih S, Hosseini NF, Sheykhhasan M. The use of mesenchymal stem cells and their derived extracellular vesicles in cardiovascular disease treatment. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888X15666200501235201] [PMID: 32357818]
[136]
Miao C, Lei M, Hu W, Han S, Wang Q. A brief review: The therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in myocardial infarction. Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 8(1): 242.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13287-017-0697-9] [PMID: 29096705]
[137]
Sameri S, Samadi P, Dehghan R, Salem E, Fayazi N, Amini R. Stem cell aging in lifespan and disease: A state-of-the-art review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 15(4): 362-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888X15666200213105155] [PMID: 32053079]
[138]
Jeong H, Yim HW, Park H-J, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ischemic heart disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Stem Cells 2018; 11(1): 1-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.15283/ijsc17061] [PMID: 29482311]
[139]
Barnes CJ, Distaso CT, Spitz KM, Verdun VA, Haramati A. Comparison of stem cell therapies for acute kidney injury. Am J Stem Cells 2016; 5(1): 1-10.
[PMID: 27335697]
[140]
Patschan D, Buschmann I, Ritter O, Kribben A. Cell-based therapies in acute kidney injury (AKI). Kidney Blood Press Res 2018; 43(3): 673-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000489624] [PMID: 29734169]
[141]
Marcheque J, Bussolati B, Csete M, Perin L. Concise reviews: Stem cells and kidney regeneration: An update. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018.
[PMID: 30302937]
[142]
Chung BH. Use of mesenchymal stem cells for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2019; 38(2): 131-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.23876/j.krcp.19.051] [PMID: 31189218]
[143]
Bochon B, Kozubska M, Surygała G, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells-potential applications in kidney diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20(10): 2462.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102462] [PMID: 31109047]
[144]
Tsuchiya A, Kojima Y, Ikarashi S, et al. Clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells in liver diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases. Inflamm Regen 2017; 37(1): 16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41232-017-0045-6] [PMID: 29259715]
[145]
Fayek SA, Quintini C, Chavin KD, Marsh CL. The current state of liver transplantation in the United States: Perspective from American society of transplant surgeons (ASTS) scientific studies committee and endorsed by ASTS council. Am J Transplant 2016; 16(11): 3093-104.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.14017] [PMID: 27545282]
[146]
Shi M, Liu Z, Wang Y, et al. A pilot study of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for acute liver allograft rejection. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6(12): 2053-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sctm.17-0134] [PMID: 29178564]
[147]
Wang Y-H, Wu D-B, Chen B, Chen E-Q, Tang H. Progress in mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for acute liver failure. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9(1): 227.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-0972-4] [PMID: 30143052]
[148]
Kwak K-A, Cho H-J, Yang J-Y, Park Y-S. Current perspectives regarding stem cell-based therapy for liver cirrhosis Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology Hepatology 2018.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4197857]
[149]
Lencioni R, de Baere T, Soulen MC, Rilling WS, Geschwind JFH. Lipiodol transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review of efficacy and safety data. Hepatology 2016; 64(1): 106-16.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.28453] [PMID: 26765068]
[150]
Jang YO, Kim YJ, Baik SK, et al. Histological improvement following administration of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for alcoholic cirrhosis: a pilot study. Liver Int 2014; 34(1): 33-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/liv.12218] [PMID: 23782511]
[151]
Kang SH, Kim MY, Eom YW, Baik SKJG. liver. Gut Liver 2020; 14(3): 306-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5009/gnl18412] [PMID: 31581387]
[152]
Liang J, Wang D, Dominique F, Sun L. Mesenchymal stem cells for treating autoimmune diseases: The Chinese experience from lab to clinics. Curr Res Transl Med 2016; 64(2): 115-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.retram.2016.04.007] [PMID: 27316395]
[153]
Nauta AJ, Fibbe WE. Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells. Blood 2007; 110(10): 3499-506.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-02-069716] [PMID: 17664353]
[154]
Jiang X-X, Zhang Y, Liu B, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cells inhibit differentiation and function of monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Blood 2005; 105(10): 4120-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-02-0586] [PMID: 15692068]
[155]
Sotiropoulou PA, Perez SA, Gritzapis AD, Baxevanis CN, Papamichail M. Interactions between human mesenchymal stem cells and natural killer cells. Stem Cells 2006; 24(1): 74-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1634/stemcells.2004-0359] [PMID: 16099998]
[156]
Aggarwal S, Pittenger MF. Human mesenchymal stem cells modulate allogeneic immune cell responses. Blood 2005; 105(4): 1815-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2004-04-1559] [PMID: 15494428]
[157]
Uccelli A, Moretta L, Pistoia V. Mesenchymal stem cells in health and disease. Nat Rev Immunol 2008; 8(9): 726-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri2395] [PMID: 19172693]
[158]
Carrion FA, Figueroa FE. Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: Is the cure for connective tissue diseases within connective tissue? Stem Cell Res Ther 2011; 2(3): 23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/scrt64] [PMID: 21586107]
[159]
Prockop DJ. Concise review: Two negative feedback loops place mesenchymal stem/stromal cells at the center of early regulators of inflammation. Stem Cells 2013; 31(10): 2042-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.1400] [PMID: 23681848]
[160]
Tse WT, Pendleton JD, Beyer WM, Egalka MC, Guinan EC. Suppression of allogeneic T-cell proliferation by human marrow stromal cells: Implications in transplantation. Transplantation 2003; 75(3): 389-97.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.TP.0000045055.63901.A9] [PMID: 12589164]
[161]
Majumdar MK, Keane-Moore M, Buyaner D, et al. Characterization and functionality of cell surface molecules on human mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Sci 2003; 10(2): 228-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02256058] [PMID: 12595759]
[162]
Potian JA, Aviv H, Ponzio NM, Harrison JS, Rameshwar P. Veto-like activity of mesenchymal stem cells: Functional discrimination between cellular responses to alloantigens and recall antigens. J Immunol 2003; 171(7): 3426-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.171.7.3426] [PMID: 14500637]
[163]
Le Blanc K, Mougiakakos D. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells and the innate immune system. Nat Rev Immunol 2012; 12(5): 383-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nri3209] [PMID: 22531326]
[164]
Le Blanc K, Tammik L, Sundberg B, Haynesworth SE, Ringdén O. Mesenchymal stem cells inhibit and stimulate mixed lymphocyte cultures and mitogenic responses independently of the major histocompatibility complex. Scand J Immunol 2003; 57(1): 11-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2003.01176.x] [PMID: 12542793]
[165]
González MA, Gonzalez-Rey E, Rico L, Büscher D, Delgado M. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate experimental colitis by inhibiting inflammatory and autoimmune responses. Gastroenterology 2009; 136(3): 978-89.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2008.11.041] [PMID: 19135996]
[166]
Chen Q-Q, Yan L, Wang C-Z, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate TNBS-induced colitis by modulating inflammatory and autoimmune responses. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19(29): 4702-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v19.i29.4702] [PMID: 23922467]
[167]
Duijvestein M, Wildenberg ME, Welling MM, et al. Pretreatment with interferon-γ enhances the therapeutic activity of mesenchymal stromal cells in animal models of colitis. Stem Cells 2011; 29(10): 1549-58.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/stem.698] [PMID: 21898680]
[168]
García-Olmo D, García-Arranz M, Herreros D, Pascual I, Peiro C, Rodríguez-Montes JA. A phase I clinical trial of the treatment of Crohn’s fistula by adipose mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Dis Colon Rectum 2005; 48(7): 1416-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10350-005-0052-6] [PMID: 15933795]
[169]
de la Portilla F, Alba F, García-Olmo D, Herrerías JM, González FX, Galindo A. Expanded allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells (eASCs) for the treatment of complex perianal fistula in Crohn’s disease: results from a multicenter phase I/IIa clinical trial. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28(3): 313-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00384-012-1581-9] [PMID: 23053677]
[170]
Duijvestein M, Vos ACW, Roelofs H, et al. Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell treatment for refractory luminal Crohn’s disease: Results of a phase I study. Gut 2010; 59(12): 1662-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.2010.215152] [PMID: 20921206]
[171]
Barnhoorn MC, Wasser MNJM, Roelofs H, et al. Long-term evaluation of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for Crohn’s disease perianal fistulas. J Crohn’s Colitis 2020; 14(1): 64-70.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz116] [PMID: 31197361]
[172]
Zhou K, Zhang H, Jin O, et al. Transplantation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell ameliorates the autoimmune pathogenesis in MRL/lpr mice. Cell Mol Immunol 2008; 5(6): 417-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2008.52] [PMID: 19118507]
[173]
Zhang Y, Xia Y, Ni S, Gu Z, Liu H. Transplantation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviates pneumonitis of MRL/lpr mice. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6(2): 109-17.
[PMID: 24605224]
[174]
Ji S, Guo Q, Han Y, Tan G, Luo Y, Zeng F. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation inhibits abnormal activation of Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway in T cells from systemic lupus erythematosus mice. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 29(5-6): 705-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000178590] [PMID: 22613971]
[175]
Bouffi C, et al. IL-6-dependent PGE2 secretion by mesenchymal stem cells inhibits local inflammation in experimental arthritis 2010; 5(12): e14527.
[176]
Liu Y, et al. Therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis 2010; 12(6): 210.
[177]
Traggiai E, Volpi S, Schena F, et al. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induce both polyclonal expansion and differentiation of B cells isolated from healthy donors and systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Stem Cells 2008; 26(2): 562-9.
[PMID: 18024418]
[178]
Youd M, Blickarz C, Woodworth L, et al. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells do not protect NZBxNZW F1 mice from developing lupus disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2010; 161(1): 176-86.
[PMID: 20456409]
[179]
Sun L, Akiyama K, Zhang H, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation reverses multiorgan dysfunction in systemic lupus erythematosus mice and humans. Stem Cells 2009; 27(6): 1421-32.
[PMID: 19489103]
[180]
Sun L, Wang D, Liang J, et al. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in severe and refractory systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum 2010; 62(8): 2467-75.
[PMID: 20506343]
[181]
Liang J, Zhang H, Hua B, et al. Allogenic mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in refractory systemic lupus erythematosus: A pilot clinical study. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69(8): 1423-9.
[PMID: 20650877]
[182]
Wen L, Labopin M, Badoglio M, Wang D, Sun L, Farge-Bancel D. Prognostic factors for clinical response in systemic lupus erythematosus patients treated by allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019: 7061408.
[PMID: 31191681]
[183]
Yap H-Y, Tee SZ, Wong MM, Chow SK, Peh SC, Teow SY. Pathogenic role of immune cells in rheumatoid arthritis: Implications in clinical treatment and biomarker development. Cells 2018; 7(10): 161.
[PMID: 30304822]
[184]
Bouffi C, Bony C, Courties G, Jorgensen C, Noël D. IL-6-dependent PGE2 secretion by mesenchymal stem cells inhibits local inflammation in experimental arthritis. PLoS One 2010; 5(12)e14247
[PMID: 21151872]
[185]
Augello A, Tasso R, Negrini SM, Cancedda R, Pennesi G. Cell therapy using allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells prevents tissue damage in collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56(4): 1175-86.
[PMID: 17393437]
[186]
Le Blanc K, Frassoni F, Ball L, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of steroid-resistant, severe, acute graft-versus-host disease: A phase II study. Lancet 2008; 371(9624): 1579-86.
[PMID: 18468541]
[187]
Sullivan C, Murphy JM, Griffin MD, et al. Genetic mismatch affects the immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and their ability to influence the course of collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14(4): R167.
[PMID: 22812502]
[188]
Djouad F, Fritz V, Apparailly F, et al. Reversal of the immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells by tumor necrosis factor α in collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2005; 52(5): 1595-603.
[PMID: 15880818]
[189]
Munir H, McGettrick HM. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for autoimmune disease: Risks and rewards. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24(18): 2091-100.
[PMID: 26068030]
[190]
Wang L, Huang S, Li S, et al. Efficacy and safety of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell therapy for rheumatoid arthritis patients: A prospective phase I/II study. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13: 4331-40.
[PMID: 31908418]
[191]
Jeong J, Baek H, Kim YJ, et al. Human salivary gland stem cells ameliorate hyposalivation of radiation-damaged rat salivary glands. Exp Mol Med 2013; 45(11)e58
[PMID: 24232257]
[192]
Khalili S, Liu Y, Kornete M, et al. Mesenchymal stromal cells improve salivary function and reduce lymphocytic infiltrates in mice with Sjögren’s-like disease. PLoS One 2012; 7(6)e38615
[PMID: 22685592]
[193]
Shi B, Qi J, Yao G, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation ameliorates Sjögren’s syndrome via suppressing IL-12 production by dendritic cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9(1): 308.
[PMID: 30409219]
[194]
Abughanam G, Elkashty OA, Liu Y, Bakkar MO, Tran SD. Mesenchymal stem cells extract (MSCsE)-based therapy alleviates xerostomia and keratoconjunctivitis sicca in sjogren’s syndrome-like disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20(19)E4750
[PMID: 31557796]
[195]
Vanneaux V, Farge-Bancel D, Lecourt S, et al. Expression of transforming growth factor β receptor II in mesenchymal stem cells from systemic sclerosis patients. BMJ Open 2013; 3(1)e001890
[PMID: 23299111]
[196]
Larghero J, Vija L, Lecourt S, Michel L, Verrecchia F, Farge D. Mesenchymal stem cells and immunomodulation: Toward new immunosuppressive strategies for the treatment of autoimmune diseases?. Rev Med Interne 2009; 30(3): 287-99.
[PMID: 18930338]
[197]
Christopeit M, Schendel M, Föll J, Müller LP, Keysser G, Behre G. Marked improvement of severe progressive systemic sclerosis after transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells from an allogeneic haploidentical-related donor mediated by ligation of CD137L. Leukemia 2008; 22(5): 1062-4.
[PMID: 17972956]
[198]
Zhang H, Liang J, Tang X, et al. Sustained benefit from combined plasmapheresis and allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells transplantation therapy in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19(1): 165.
[PMID: 28724445]
[199]
Rozier P, Maria A, Goulabchand R, Jorgensen C, Guilpain P, Noël D. Mesenchymal stem cells in systemic sclerosis: Allogenic or autologous approaches for therapeutic use? Front Immunol 2018; 9: 2938.
[PMID: 30619298]
[200]
Le Blanc K, Rasmusson I, Sundberg B, et al. Treatment of severe acute graft-versus-host disease with third party haploidentical mesenchymal stem cells. Lancet 2004; 363(9419): 1439-41.
[PMID: 15121408]
[201]
Müller I, Kordowich S, Holzwarth C, et al. Application of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in pediatric patients following allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2008; 40(1): 25-32.
[PMID: 17869550]
[202]
Servais S, Baron F, Lechanteur C, et al. Infusion of bone marrow derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of steroid-refractory acute graft-versus-host disease: A multicenter prospective study. Oncotarget 2018; 9(29): 20590-604.
[PMID: 29755674]
[203]
Lee ST, Jang JH, Cheong JW, et al. Treatment of high-risk acute myelogenous leukaemia by myeloablative chemoradiotherapy followed by co-infusion of T cell-depleted haematopoietic stem cells and culture-expanded marrow mesenchymal stem cells from a related donor with one fully mismatched human leucocyte antigen haplotype. Br J Haematol 2002; 118(4): 1128-31.
[PMID: 12199796]
[204]
Ball LM, Bernardo ME, Roelofs H, et al. Cotransplantation of ex vivo expanded mesenchymal stem cells accelerates lymphocyte recovery and may reduce the risk of graft failure in haploidentical hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. Blood 2007; 110(7): 2764-7.
[PMID: 17638847]
[205]
Gonzalo-Daganzo R, Regidor C, Martín-Donaire T, et al. Results of a pilot study on the use of third-party donor mesenchymal stromal cells in cord blood transplantation in adults. Cytotherapy 2009; 11(3): 278-88.
[PMID: 19308773]
[206]
Gavin C, Boberg E, Von Bahr L, et al. Tissue immune profiles supporting response to mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in acute graft-versus-host disease-a gut feeling. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10(1): 334.
[PMID: 31747938]
[207]
Elgaz S, Kuçi Z, Kuçi S, Bönig H, Bader P. Clinical use of mesenchymal stromal cells in the treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease. Transfus Med Hemother 2019; 46(1): 27-34.
[PMID: 31244579]
[208]
Zhou X, Jin N, Wang F, Chen B. Mesenchymal stem cells: a promising way in therapies of graft-versus-host disease. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20: 114.
[PMID: 32280306]
[209]
Manieri NA, Stappenbeck TS. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy of intestinal disease: Are their effects systemic or localized? Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2011; 27(2): 119-24.
[PMID: 21150589]
[210]
Brittan M, Hunt T, Jeffery R, et al. Bone marrow derivation of pericryptal myofibroblasts in the mouse and human small intestine and colon. Gut 2002; 50(6): 752-7.
[PMID: 12010874]
[211]
Komori M, Tsuji S, Tsujii M, et al. Involvement of bone marrow-derived cells in healing of experimental colitis in rats. Wound Repair Regen 2005; 13(1): 109-18.
[PMID: 15659043]
[212]
Sémont A, Mouiseddine M, François A, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells improve small intestinal integrity through regulation of endogenous epithelial cell homeostasis. Cell Death Differ 2010; 17(6): 952-61.
[PMID: 20019749]
[213]
Gonzalez-Rey E, Anderson P, González MA, Rico L, Büscher D, Delgado M. Human adult stem cells derived from adipose tissue protect against experimental colitis and sepsis. Gut 2009; 58(7): 929-39.
[PMID: 19136511]
[214]
Sackstein R, Merzaban JS, Cain DW, et al. Ex vivo glycan engineering of CD44 programs human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cell trafficking to bone. Nat Med 2008; 14(2): 181-7.
[PMID: 18193058]
[215]
Cheng Z, Ou L, Zhou X, et al. Targeted migration of mesenchymal stem cells modified with CXCR4 gene to infarcted myocardium improves cardiac performance. Mol Ther 2008; 16(3): 571-9.
[PMID: 18253156]
[216]
Dotan I, Werner L, Vigodman S, et al. CXCL12 is a constitutive and inflammatory chemokine in the intestinal immune system. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010; 16(4): 583-92.
[PMID: 19774645]
[217]
Liu H, Xue W, Ge G, et al. Hypoxic preconditioning advances CXCR4 and CXCR7 expression by activating HIF-1α in MSCs. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 401(4): 509-15.
[PMID: 20869949]
[218]
Ko IK, Kim BG, Awadallah A, et al. Targeting improves MSC treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. Mol Ther 2010; 18(7): 1365-72.
[PMID: 20389289]
[219]
Dhere T, Copland I, Garcia M, et al. The safety of autologous and metabolically fit bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in medically refractory Crohn’s disease - a phase 1 trial with three doses. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 44(5): 471-81.
[PMID: 27385373]
[220]
Panés J, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of stem cell therapy (Cx601) for complex perianal fistulas in patients with Crohn’s disease Gastroenterology 2018; 154(5): 1334-42.
[221]
Sheykhhasan M, Wong JKL, Seifalian AM. Human adipose-derived stem cells with great therapeutic potential. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 14(7): 532-48.
[PMID: 30973112]
[222]
Bravo E, Pascual M. Adipose tissue-derived stromal stem cells for use in treating refractory complex perianal fistulas in crohn’s disease. Google Patents 2017. NL2018512B1.
[223]
Serena C, Keiran N, Madeira A, et al. Crohn’s disease disturbs the immune properties of human adipose-derived stem cells related to inflammasome activation. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9(4): 1109-23.
[PMID: 28966116]
[224]
Ibraheim H, Giacomini C, Kassam Z, Dazzi F, Powell N. Advances in mesenchymal stromal cell therapy in the management of Crohn’s disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 12(2): 141-53.
[PMID: 29096549]
[225]
Scott LJ. Darvadstrocel: A review in treatment-refractory complex perianal fistulas in Crohn’s disease. BioDrugs 2018; 32(6): 627-34.
[PMID: 30298387]
[226]
Galipeau J, Sensébé L. Mesenchymal stromal cells: Clinical challenges and therapeutic opportunities. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 22(6): 824-33.
[PMID: 29859173]
[227]
Garcia-Olmo D, Guadalajara H, Rubio-Perez I, Herreros MD, de-la-Quintana P, Garcia-Arranz M. Recurrent anal fistulae: Limited surgery supported by stem cells. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21(11): 3330-6.
[PMID: 25805941]
[228]
Chen TS, Lim SK. Measurement of precursor miRNA in exosomes from human ESC-derived mesenchymal stem cells.Circulating MicroRNAs. Springer 2013; pp. 69-86.
[229]
Zhu Z, Fang Z, Hu X, Zhou S. MicroRNAs and mesenchymal stem cells: Hope for pulmonary hypertension. Rev Bras Cir Cardiovasc 2015; 30(3): 380-5.
[PMID: 26313730]
[230]
Wang X, Zhu Y, Xu B, Wang J, Liu X. Identification of TLR2 and TLR4 induced microRNAs in human mesenchymal stem cells and their possible roles in regulating TLR signals. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13(6): 4969-80.
[PMID: 27121537]
[231]
Fu Y, Ni J, Chen J, et al. Dual-functionalized MSCs that express CX3CR1 and IL-25 exhibit enhanced therapeutic effects on inflammatory bowel disease. Mol Ther 2020; 28(4): 1214-28.
[PMID: 32087149]
[232]
Joddar B, Tasnim N, Thakur V, Kumar A, McCallum RW, Chattopadhyay M. Delivery of mesenchymal stem cells from Gelatin-alginate hydrogels to stomach lumen for treatment of gastroparesis. Bioengineering (Basel) 2018; 5(1): 12.
[PMID: 29414870]
[233]
Racusen LC. Pathology of acute renal failure: Structure/function correlations. Adv Ren Replace Ther 1997; 4(2)(Suppl. 1): 3-16.
[PMID: 9113236]
[234]
Humphreys BD, Bonventre JV. Mesenchymal stem cells in acute kidney injury. Annu Rev Med 2008; 59: 311-25.
[PMID: 17914926]
[235]
Morigi M, Introna M, Imberti B, et al. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells accelerate recovery of acute renal injury and prolong survival in mice. Stem Cells 2008; 26(8): 2075-82.
[PMID: 18499895]
[236]
Tögel F, Hu Z, Weiss K, Isaac J, Lange C, Westenfelder C. Administered mesenchymal stem cells protect against ischemic acute renal failure through differentiation-independent mechanisms. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2005; 289(1): F31-42.
[PMID: 15713913]
[237]
Bruno S, Grange C, Deregibus MC, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived microvesicles protect against acute tubular injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2009; 20(5): 1053-67.
[PMID: 19389847]
[238]
Tögel F, Zhang P, Hu Z, Westenfelder C. VEGF is a mediator of the renoprotective effects of multipotent marrow stromal cells in acute kidney injury. J Cell Mol Med 2009; 13(8B): 2109-14.
[PMID: 19397783]
[239]
Tögel F, Cohen A, Zhang P, Yang Y, Hu Z, Westenfelder C. Autologous and allogeneic marrow stromal cells are safe and effective for the treatment of acute kidney injury. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 18(3): 475-85.
[PMID: 18564903]
[240]
Bruno S, Grange C, Collino F, et al. Microvesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells enhance survival in a lethal model of acute kidney injury. PLoS One 2012; 7(3): e33115.
[PMID: 22431999]
[241]
Crop MJ, Baan CC, Korevaar SS, et al. Donor-derived mesenchymal stem cells suppress alloreactivity of kidney transplant patients. Transplantation 2009; 87(6): 896-906.
[PMID: 19300194]
[242]
Batten P, Sarathchandra P, Antoniw JW, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cells induce T cell anergy and downregulate T cell allo-responses via the TH2 pathway: relevance to tissue engineering human heart valves. Tissue Eng 2006; 12(8): 2263-73.
[PMID: 16968166]
[243]
Krampera M, Marconi S, Pasini A, et al. Induction of neural-like differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow, fat, spleen and thymus. Bone 2007; 40(2): 382-90.
[PMID: 17049329]
[244]
Lange C, et al. Hepatocytic gene expression in cultured rat mesenchymal stem cells.Transplantation proceedings. 2005; 37(1): pp. 276-9.
[245]
Sato Y, Araki H, Kato J, et al. Human mesenchymal stem cells xenografted directly to rat liver are differentiated into human hepatocytes without fusion. Blood 2005; 106(2): 756-63.
[PMID: 15817682]
[246]
Anumanthan G, Makari JH, Honea L, et al. Directed differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells into bladder urothelium. J Urol 2008; 180(4)(Suppl.): 1778-83.
[PMID: 18721942]
[247]
Korkmaz M, Güvenç BH, Bilir A, et al. Isolation and culture of adult and fetal rabbit bladder smooth muscle cells and their interaction with biopolymers. J Pediatr Surg 2003; 38(1): 21-4.
[PMID: 12592612]
[248]
Nincheri P, Luciani P, Squecco R, et al. Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells towards smooth muscle cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66(10): 1741-54.
[PMID: 19337690]
[249]
Kinner B, Zaleskas JM, Spector M. Regulation of smooth muscle actin expression and contraction in adult human mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Cell Res 2002; 278(1): 72-83.
[PMID: 12126959]
[250]
Wang D, Park JS, Chu JS, et al. Proteomic profiling of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells upon transforming growth factor β1 stimulation. J Biol Chem 2004; 279(42): 43725-34.
[PMID: 15302865]
[251]
Kim MR, Jeon ES, Kim YM, Lee JS, Kim JH. Thromboxane a(2) induces differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells to smooth muscle-like cells. Stem Cells 2009; 27(1): 191-9.
[PMID: 18845763]
[252]
Becker C, Laeufer T, Arikkat J, Jakse G. TGFbeta-1 and epithelial-mesenchymal interactions promote smooth muscle gene expression in bone marrow stromal cells: Possible application in therapies for urological defects. Int J Artif Organs 2008; 31(11): 951-9.
[PMID: 19089797]
[253]
Shukla D, Box GN, Edwards RA, Tyson DR. Bone marrow stem cells for urologic tissue engineering. World J Urol 2008; 26(4): 341-9.
[PMID: 18654786]
[254]
Montzka K, Heidenreich A. Application of mesenchymal stromal cells in urological diseases. BJU Int 2010; 105(3): 309-12.
[PMID: 19912199]
[255]
Missoum A. Recent updates on mesenchymal stem cell based therapy for acute renal failure. Curr Urol 2020; 13(4): 189-99.
[PMID: 31998051]
[256]
Abedi A, Azarnia M, Jamali Zahvarehy M, Foroutan T, Golestani S. Effect of different times of intraperitoneal injections of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium on gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury. Urol J 2016; 13(3): 2707-16.
[PMID: 27351327]
[257]
Liu B, Ding FX, Liu Y, et al. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium attenuate interstitial fibrosis and stimulate the repair of tubular epithelial cells in an irreversible model of unilateral ureteral obstruction. Nephrology (Carlton) 2018; 23(8): 728-36.
[PMID: 28667820]
[258]
Dominguez JH, Liu Y, Gao H, Dominguez JM II, Xie D, Kelly KJ. Renal tubular cell-derived extracellular vesicles accelerate the recovery of established renal ischemia reperfusion injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2017; 28(12): 3533-44.
[PMID: 28747315]
[259]
Sun DZ, Abelson B, Babbar P, Damaser MS. Harnessing the mesenchymal stem cell secretome for regenerative urology. Nat Rev Urol 2019; 16(6): 363-75.
[PMID: 30923338]
[260]
Stagg J, Galipeau J. Mechanisms of immune modulation by mesenchymal stromal cells and clinical translation. Curr Mol Med 2013; 13(5): 856-67.
[PMID: 23642066]
[261]
De Miguel MP, Fuentes-Julián S, Blázquez-Martínez A, et al. Immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells: Advances and applications. Curr Mol Med 2012; 12(5): 574-91.
[PMID: 22515979]
[262]
Ting C-H, Ho P-J, Yen BL. Age-related decreases of serum-response factor levels in human mesenchymal stem cells are involved in skeletal muscle differentiation and engraftment capacity. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23(11): 1206-16.
[PMID: 24576136]
[263]
Zhao K, Liu Q. The clinical application of mesenchymal stromal cells in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9(1): 46.
[PMID: 27193054]
[264]
Dazzi F, Ramasamy R, Glennie S, Jones SP, Roberts I. The role of mesenchymal stem cells in haemopoiesis. Blood Rev 2006; 20(3): 161-71.
[PMID: 16364518]
[265]
Meuleman N, Tondreau T, Ahmad I, et al. Infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells can aid hematopoietic recovery following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell myeloablative transplant: A pilot study. Stem Cells Dev 2009; 18(9): 1247-52.
[PMID: 19309241]
[266]
Lazarus HM, Koc ON, Devine SM, et al. Cotransplantation of HLA-identical sibling culture-expanded mesenchymal stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells in hematologic malignancy patients. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2005; 11(5): 389-98.
[PMID: 15846293]
[267]
Koç ON, Gerson SL, Cooper BW, et al. Rapid hematopoietic recovery after coinfusion of autologous-blood stem cells and culture-expanded marrow mesenchymal stem cells in advanced breast cancer patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18(2): 307-16.
[PMID: 10637244]
[268]
Bernardo ME, Ball LM, Cometa AM, et al. Co-infusion of ex vivo-expanded, parental MSCs prevents life-threatening acute GVHD, but does not reduce the risk of graft failure in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic umbilical cord blood transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2011; 46(2): 200-7.
[PMID: 20400983]
[269]
Wu Y, Wang Z, Cao Y, et al. Cotransplantation of haploidentical hematopoietic and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells with a myeloablative regimen for refractory/relapsed hematologic malignancy. Ann Hematol 2013; 92(12): 1675-84.
[PMID: 23842707]
[270]
Xiong Y-Y, Fan Q, Huang F, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells versus mesenchymal stem cells combined with cord blood for engraftment failure after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A pilot prospective, open-label, randomized trial. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 20(2): 236-42.
[PMID: 24216182]
[271]
Liu X, Wu M, Peng Y, et al. Improvement in poor graft function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation upon administration of mesenchymal stem cells from third-party donors: A pilot prospective study. Cell Transplant 2014; 23(9): 1087-98.
[PMID: 23294601]
[272]
Arai Y, Aoki K, Takeda J, et al. AML and MDS Working Group of Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Clinical significance of high-dose cytarabine added to cyclophosphamide/total-body irradiation in bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for myeloid malignancy. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8(1): 102.
[PMID: 26337829]
[273]
Chang Y-J, Zhao XY, Xu LP, et al. Donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies were associated with primary graft failure after unmanipulated haploidentical blood and marrow transplantation: A prospective study with randomly assigned training and validation sets. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8(1): 84.
[PMID: 26156584]
[274]
Xiao Y, Jiang ZJ, Pang Y, et al. Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stromal cell treatment from related donors for patients with refractory aplastic anemia. Cytotherapy 2013; 15(7): 760-6.
[PMID: 23731760]
[275]
Lukomska B, et al. Challenges and controversies in human mesenchymal stem cell therapy Stem Cells International 2019.
[276]
Ning H, Yang F, Jiang M, et al. The correlation between cotransplantation of mesenchymal stem cells and higher recurrence rate in hematologic malignancy patients: outcome of a pilot clinical study. Leukemia 2008; 22(3): 593-9.
[PMID: 18185520]
[277]
Sun Z, Wang S, Zhao RC. The roles of mesenchymal stem cells in tumor inflammatory microenvironment. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7(1): 14.
[PMID: 24502410]
[278]
Lee MW, Ryu S, Kim DS, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells in suppression or progression of hematologic malignancy: Current status and challenges. Leukemia 2019; 33(3): 597-611.
[PMID: 30705410]
[279]
Qing C. The molecular biology in wound healing & non-healing wound. Chin J Traumatol 2017; 20(4): 189-93.
[PMID: 28712679]
[280]
Eming SA, Martin P, Tomic-Canic M. Wound repair and regeneration: Mechanisms, signaling, and translation Sci Transl Med 2014.
[281]
Boyce ST, Lalley AL. Tissue engineering of skin and regenerative medicine for wound care. Burns Trauma 2018; 6(1): 4.
[PMID: 30009192]
[282]
Frykberg RG, Banks J. Challenges in the treatment of chronic wounds. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2015; 4(9): 560-82.
[PMID: 26339534]
[283]
Pereira RF, Bártolo PJ. Traditional therapies for skin wound healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2016; 5(5): 208-29.
[PMID: 27134765]
[284]
Tabatabaei Qomi R, Sheykhhasan M. Adipose-derived stromal cell in regenerative medicine: A review. World J Stem Cells 2017; 9(8): 107-17.
[PMID: 28928907]
[285]
Sheykhhasan M. Mesenchymal stem cells and platelet derived concentrates in regenerative medicine. J Stem Cell Res Ther 2017; 2(5): 00079.
[286]
Nuschke A. Activity of mesenchymal stem cells in therapies for chronic skin wound healing. Organogenesis 2014; 10(1): 29-37.
[PMID: 24322872]
[287]
Lee DE, Ayoub N, Agrawal DK. Mesenchymal stem cells and cutaneous wound healing: Novel methods to increase cell delivery and therapeutic efficacy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7(1): 37.
[PMID: 26960535]
[288]
Kanji S, Das H. Advances of stem cell therapeutics in cutaneous wound healing and regeneration. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017: 5217967.
[289]
Fu Y, Karbaat L, Wu L, Leijten J, Both SK, Karperien M. Trophic effects of mesenchymal stem cells in tissue regeneration. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2017; 23(6): 515-28.
[PMID: 28490258]
[290]
Wu Q, Chen B, Liang Z. Mesenchymal stem cells as a prospective therapy for the diabetic foot Stem Cells Int 2016.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4612167]
[291]
Chen L, Tredget EE, Wu PY, Wu Y. Paracrine factors of mesenchymal stem cells recruit macrophages and endothelial lineage cells and enhance wound healing. PLoS One 2008; 3(4)e1886
[PMID: 18382669]
[292]
Martinello T, Gomiero C, Perazzi A, et al. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells improve the wound healing process of sheep skin. BMC Vet Res 2018; 14(1): 202.
[PMID: 29940954]
[293]
Kalhor N, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells and their derived conditioned media as crucial cell candidates for wound healing: A letter 6(3)
[294]
Mishra PJ, Mishra PJ, Banerjee D. Keratinocyte induced differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into dermal myofibroblasts: A role in effective wound healing. Int J Transl Sci 2016; 2016(1): 5-32.
[PMID: 27294075]
[295]
Maxson S, Lopez EA, Yoo D, Danilkovitch-Miagkova A, Leroux MA. Concise review: Role of mesenchymal stem cells in wound repair. Stem Cells Transl Med 2012; 1(2): 142-9.
[PMID: 23197761]
[296]
Rohban R, Pieber TR. Mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells in regeneration: Tissue specificity and regenerative potential Stem Cells Int 2017.
[297]
Arutyunyan I. Umbilical cord as prospective source for mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy Stem Cells Int 2016.
[298]
Shin T-H, Kim HS, Choi SW, Kang KS. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for inflammatory skin diseases: Clinical potential and mode of action. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18(2): 244.
[PMID: 28125063]
[299]
Kalhor N, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells and their derived conditioned media as crucial cell candidates for wound healing: A letter. Journal of Skin and Stem Cell 2019; 6(3)
[300]
Prockop DJ, Oh JY. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs): role as guardians of inflammation. Mol Ther 2012; 20(1): 14-20.
[PMID: 22008910]
[301]
Tao H, et al. Proangiogenic features of mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic applications Stem Cells Int 2016.
[302]
Isakson M, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells and cutaneous wound healing: current evidence and future potential Stem Cells Int 2015.
[303]
Cao Y, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells improve healing of diabetic foot ulcer. J Diab Res 2017.
[304]
Golchin A, et al. The clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in skin diseases: An update and concise review. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2018.
[PMID: 30210006]
[305]
Gadelkarim M, Abushouk AI, Ghanem E, Hamaad AM, Saad AM, Abdel-Daim MM. Adipose-derived stem cells: Effectiveness and advances in delivery in diabetic wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107: 625-33.
[PMID: 30118878]
[306]
Sheykhhasan M, Ghiasi M, Pak HBJIJMU-E. The assessment of natural scaffolds ability in chondrogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Internet Journal of Medical Update-EJOURNAL 2016; 11(2): 11-6.
[307]
Ghiasi M, et al. Adipose-derived stem cells: An optimized protocol for isolation and proliferation. Acta Medica International 2016; 3(1): 116.
[308]
Del Papa N, et al. Adipose-derived stem cells to facilitate ulcer healing: Future strategies.Atlas of Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis. Springer 2019; pp. 209-15.
[309]
Marino G, et al. Therapy with autologous adipose-derived regenerative cells for the care of chronic ulcer of lower limbs in patients with peripheral arterial disease. J Surg Res 2013; 185(1): 36-44.
[310]
Davies JE, Walker JT, Keating A. Concise Review: Wharton’s Jelly: The rich, but enigmatic, source of mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6(7): 1620-30.
[PMID: 28488282]
[311]
Doi H, Kitajima Y, Luo L, et al. Potency of umbilical cord blood- and Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells for scarless wound healing. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 18844.
[PMID: 26728342]
[312]
Arno AI, Amini-Nik S, Blit PH, et al. Effect of human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cell paracrine signaling on keloid fibroblasts. Stem Cells Transl Med 2014; 3(3): 299-307.
[PMID: 24436441]
[313]
Koh KS, Oh TS, Kim H, et al. Clinical application of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in progressive hemifacial atrophy (Parry-Romberg disease) with microfat grafting techniques using 3-dimensional computed tomography and 3-dimensional camera. Ann Plast Surg 2012; 69(3): 331-7.
[PMID: 22907186]
[314]
Jianhui Z, Chenggang Y, Binglun L, et al. Autologous fat graft and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells assisted fat graft for treatment of Parry-Romberg syndrome. Ann Plast Surg 2014; 73(Suppl. 1): S99-S103.
[PMID: 25003459]
[315]
Hu MS, et al. Mesenchymal stromal cells and cutaneous wound healing: A comprehensive review of the background, role, and therapeutic potential Stem Cells Int 2018.
[316]
Ankrum J, Karp JM. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy: Two steps forward, one step back. Trends Mol Med 2010; 16(5): 203-9.
[PMID: 20335067]
[317]
Hocking AM. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cutaneous wounds. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2012; 1(4): 166-71.
[PMID: 24527299]
[318]
Kim KH, Blasco-Morente G, Cuende N, Arias-Santiago S. Mesenchymal stromal cells: Properties and role in management of cutaneous diseases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31(3): 414-23.
[PMID: 27549663]
[319]
Natesan S, et al. Mesenchymal stem cell–based therapies for repair and regeneration of skin wounds. A Roadmap to Non-Hematopoietic Stem Cell-based Therapeutics. Elsevier 2019; pp. 173-222.
[320]
Squillaro T, Peluso G, Galderisi U. Clinical trials with mesenchymal stem cells: An update. Cell Transplant 2016; 25(5): 829-48.
[PMID: 26423725]
[321]
Moon KC, Suh HS, Kim KB, et al. Potential of allogeneic adipose-derived stem cell-hydrogel complex for treating diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes 2019; 68(4): 837-46.
[PMID: 30679183]
[322]
Kim HS, Lee JH, Roh KH, Jun HJ, Kang KS, Kim TY. Clinical trial of human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: Phase I/IIa studies. Stem Cells 2017; 35(1): 248-55.
[PMID: 27256706]
[323]
Kharbanda S, Smith AR, Hutchinson SK, et al. Unrelated donor allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients with hemoglobinopathies using a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen and third-party mesenchymal stromal cells. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2014; 20(4): 581-6.
[PMID: 24370862]
[324]
Wilson JG, Liu KD, Zhuo H, et al. Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells for treatment of ARDS: A phase 1 clinical trial. Lancet Respir Med 2015; 3(1): 24-32.
[PMID: 25529339]
[325]
Matthay MA, Calfee CS, Zhuo H, et al. Treatment with allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells for moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (START study): A randomised phase 2a safety trial. Lancet Respir Med 2019; 7(2): 154-62.
[PMID: 30455077]
[326]
Keller CA, Gonwa TA, Hodge DO, Hei DJ, Centanni JM, Zubair AC. Feasibility, safety, and tolerance of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for obstructive chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7(2): 161-7.
[PMID: 29322685]
[327]
de Oliveira HG, Cruz FF, Antunes MA, et al. Combined bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell therapy and one-way endobronchial valve placement in patients with pulmonary emphysema: A phase I clinical trial. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6(3): 962-9.
[PMID: 28186686]
[328]
Vrtovec B, Poglajen G, Sever M, et al. Effects of intracoronary stem cell transplantation in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. J Card Fail 2011; 17(4): 272-81.
[PMID: 21440864]
[329]
Hare JM, DiFede DL, Rieger AC, et al. Randomized comparison of allogeneic versus autologous mesenchymal stem cells for nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: POSEIDON-DCM trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 69(5): 526-37.
[PMID: 27856208]
[330]
Heldman AW, DiFede DL, Fishman JE, et al. Transendocardial mesenchymal stem cells and mononuclear bone marrow cells for ischemic cardiomyopathy: The TAC-HFT randomized trial. JAMA 2014; 311(1): 62-73.
[PMID: 24247587]
[331]
Bartolucci J, Verdugo FJ, González PL, et al. Safety and efficacy of the intravenous infusion of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in patients with heart failure: A phase 1/2 randomized controlled trial (RIMECARD trial [Randomized Clinical Trial of Intravenous Infusion Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Cardiopathy]). Circ Res 2017; 121(10): 1192-204.
[PMID: 28974553]
[332]
Teerlink JR, Metra M, Filippatos GS, et al. CHART Investigators. Benefit of cardiopoietic mesenchymal stem cell therapy on left ventricular remodelling: Results from the Congestive Heart Failure Cardiopoietic Regenerative Therapy (CHART-1) study. Eur J Heart Fail 2017; 19(11): 1520-9.
[PMID: 28560782]
[333]
Orozco L, Munar A, Soler R, et al. Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with autologous mesenchymal stem cells: Two-year follow-up results. Transplantation 2014; 97(11): e66-8.
[PMID: 24887752]
[334]
Orozco L, Munar A, Soler R, et al. Treatment of knee osteoarthritis with autologous mesenchymal stem cells: A pilot study. Transplantation 2013; 95(12): 1535-41.
[PMID: 23680930]
[335]
Garza JR, Campbell RE, Tjoumakaris FP, et al. Clinical efficacy of intra-articular mesenchymal stromal cells for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: A double-blinded prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Am J Sports Med 2020; 48(3): 588-98.
[PMID: 32109160]
[336]
Detry O, Vandermeulen M, Delbouille MH, et al. Infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells after deceased liver transplantation: A phase I-II, open-label, clinical study. J Hepatol 2017; 67(1): 47-55.
[PMID: 28284916]
[337]
Xue X, Liu Y, Zhang J, Liu T, Yang Z, Wang H. Bcl-xL genetic modification enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of heart infarction. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2015176409
[PMID: 26074971]
[338]
Syková E, Rychmach P, Drahorádová I, et al. Transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Results of phase I/IIa clinical trial. Cell Transplant 2017; 26(4): 647-58.
[PMID: 27938483]
[339]
Ra JC, Jeong EC, Kang SK, Lee SJ, Choi KH. A prospective, nonrandomized, no placebo-controlled, phase I/II clinical trial assessing the safety and efficacy of intramuscular injection of autologous adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with severe Buerger’s disease. Cell Med 2016; 9(3): 87-102.
[PMID: 28713639]
[340]
Tsai Y-A, Liu RS, Lirng JF, et al. Treatment of spinocerebellar ataxia with mesenchymal stem cells: A phase I/IIa clinical study. Cell Transplant 2017; 26(3): 503-12.
[PMID: 28195034]
[341]
Duma C, Kopyov O, Kopyov A, et al. Human intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of autologous, non-engineered, adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (ADSVF) for neurodegenerative disorders: Results of a 3-year phase 1 study of 113 injections in 31 patients. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46(5): 5257-72.
[PMID: 31327120]
[342]
Uccelli A, Laroni A, Brundin L, et al. MESEMS study group. MEsenchymal StEm cells for Multiple Sclerosis (MESEMS): A randomized, double blind, cross-over phase I/II clinical trial with autologous mesenchymal stem cells for the therapy of multiple sclerosis. Trials 2019; 20(1): 263.
[PMID: 31072380]
[343]
Ahn SY, Chang YS, Sung SI, Park WS. Mesenchymal stem cells for severe intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants: Phase I dose-escalation clinical trial. Stem Cells Transl Med 2018; 7(12): 847-56.
[PMID: 30133179]
[344]
Tompkins BA, et al. Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate aging frailty: A phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial The Journals of Gerontology: Series A 2017; 72(11): 1513-22.
[345]
Von Einem JC, Peter S, Günther C, et al. Treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer with genetically modified autologous mesenchymal stem cells - TREAT-ME-1 - a phase I, first in human, first in class trial. Oncotarget 2017; 8(46): 80156-66.
[PMID: 29113291]
[346]
Zhang J, Lv S, Liu X, Song B, Shi L. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell treatment for Crohn’s disease: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Gut Liver 2018; 12(1): 73-8.
[PMID: 28873511]
[347]
Serrero M, Grimaud F, Philandrianos C, Visée C, Sabatier F, Grimaud JC. Long-term safety and efficacy of local microinjection combining autologous microfat and adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction for the treatment of refractory perianal fistula in Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology 2019; 156(8): 2335-2337.e2.
[PMID: 30664877]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy