Abstract
Radical induced oxidative damage is extremely harmful to tissues and organs due to molecular modifications brought to polyunsaturated membrane lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Oxidative stress is believed to be one of the pathophysiological mechanisms that operate in neurodegenerative disorders such as cerebral ischemias, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinsons and Alzheimers diseases. Nitrones oppose oxidative challenges by virtue of their ability to trap very rapidly oxygen or carbon centered radicals thus generating nitroxide radical species which are more stable and biochemically less harmful than the original radical. However the operational mechanism of nitrones might also go beyond direct scavenging of radicals. The chemical and pharmacological properties of nitrones depend strongly on the connectivity as well as on the type and position of the substituents in the compounds architecture. Heteroaryl-nitrones are known, but except for a few cases (for example pyridyl-nitrones) no particular attention has been given to this class of molecules. The following review is a survey of the literature reports on this subject from 1980 to 1999. The structures were classified according to the heterocyclic substituent on the nitrone double bond, and documented pharmaceutical features were emphasized. Whenever possible heteroaromatic and related aromatic nitrones were compared.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects of Heteroaryl-Nitrones
Volume: 7 Issue: 12
Author(s): Solo Goldstein and Pierre Lestage
Affiliation:
Abstract: Radical induced oxidative damage is extremely harmful to tissues and organs due to molecular modifications brought to polyunsaturated membrane lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Oxidative stress is believed to be one of the pathophysiological mechanisms that operate in neurodegenerative disorders such as cerebral ischemias, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinsons and Alzheimers diseases. Nitrones oppose oxidative challenges by virtue of their ability to trap very rapidly oxygen or carbon centered radicals thus generating nitroxide radical species which are more stable and biochemically less harmful than the original radical. However the operational mechanism of nitrones might also go beyond direct scavenging of radicals. The chemical and pharmacological properties of nitrones depend strongly on the connectivity as well as on the type and position of the substituents in the compounds architecture. Heteroaryl-nitrones are known, but except for a few cases (for example pyridyl-nitrones) no particular attention has been given to this class of molecules. The following review is a survey of the literature reports on this subject from 1980 to 1999. The structures were classified according to the heterocyclic substituent on the nitrone double bond, and documented pharmaceutical features were emphasized. Whenever possible heteroaromatic and related aromatic nitrones were compared.
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Cite this article as:
Goldstein Solo and Lestage Pierre, Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects of Heteroaryl-Nitrones, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2000; 7 (12) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867003374183
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867003374183 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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