Generic placeholder image

Recent Patents on Mechanical Engineering

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 2212-7976
ISSN (Online): 1874-477X

Review Article

Research Progress and Prospect of Orthodontic Accelerating Device

Author(s): Jingang Jiang*, Wei Qian, Zhiyuan Huang, Yongde Zhang and Houjun Chen

Volume 13, Issue 3, 2020

Page: [190 - 204] Pages: 15

DOI: 10.2174/2212797613666200128151515

Price: $65

conference banner
Abstract

Background: Malocclusion is a disease with a high incidence rate that is harmful to humans’ health. Fixed orthodontics is an effective method for the treatment of malocclusion. However, the orthodontic process takes a long time, requires frequent visits, causes pain, and increases the risk of complications. Since orthodontic treatment is lengthy, painful and unbearable, and even leads patients to abandon orthodontic treatment, therefore, how to shorten orthodontic treatment duration, and reduce pain is a research hotspot in the orthodontic field.

Objective: The study aimed to provide an overview of the existing orthodontic accelerating device and introduce their classification, characteristics and development.

Methods: This paper reviewed various productions and patents related to the orthodontic accelerating device. The structural characteristics, differentiations, and applications of the existing orthodontic accelerating device are also introduced.

Results: The existing orthodontic accelerating devices were analyzed and compared, and the typical characteristics were concluded. The main problems in its development were analyzed, the development trend was foreseen, and the current and future research on the productions and patents related to the orthodontic accelerating device is discussed.

Conclusion: The orthodontic accelerating device is composed of a vibration device having electrical stimulation, magnetic field, a low-level laser, and an ultrasonic device according to the application of different physical loads. Orthodontic accelerating device can effectively reduce orthodontic treatment time by 30%-50%, and can reduce the risk of complications and pain. The dose of the physical load determines the effect of the device. So, an optimal loading dose should be selected . Compared with vibrating devices, other types of devices are less used in clinical practice, therefore, such products and patents should be invented in the future.

Keywords: Orthodontic accelerating device, orthodontic appliance, orthodontics, physical therapy, tooth movement, vibration load.

[1]
Jiang JG, Han YS, Zhang YD, Liu Y, Wen FJ, Jiang JX. Forming control point planning and experimentation of orthodontic archwire with robotic bending. Chin J Sci Instrum 2015; 36(10): 2297-303.
[2]
Yao H, Zhao EY, Qin JY. Research progress on the prevalence of malocclusion. Chin Prim Health Care 2003; 17(10): 74.
[3]
Zeng J, Zheng DH, Wang XH, Zhao SY, Xue C, Zhang J. Effects of malocclusion on the psychological status of adults. J Shandong Univ (Health Sci) 2014; 52(6): 94-7.
[4]
Tang ZY, Zhang WY. Study and analysis of mental health in adult orthodontic patients. Acta Medicinae Sinica 2008; 21(2): 230-1.
[5]
Mao J, Shang P. Orthodontic accelerator. CN103211658 (2018).
[6]
Zhi XY. Research and development of orthodontic treatment accelerator that can obtain the natural frequency of tooth. MSc Dissertation Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin, China December 2014..
[7]
Yang Y, Li Y. Re: Vibratory stimulation increases interleukin-1 beta secretion during orthodontic tooth movement Angle Orthod 2015; 25(5): 899.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/angl-85-05-899-899.1]
[8]
Zhu LL, Li H, Yan B. Advances in research on methods and mechanisms for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Oral Biomed 2016; 7(2): 93-7.
[9]
Wang X, Wu CF, Li YS, Wang R. Research progress on relationship between malocclusion as well as orthodontic treatment and psychosocial behavior. China Med Herald 2014; 11(16): 162-5.
[10]
Li S. The influence of time factors in orthodontic treatment. The 13th Annual Session of the Chinese Orthodontic Society; Chengdu, China. October, 2014.
[11]
Hu B, Li JJ. Complications and prevention of orthodontic orthodontics. Clin J Med Offic 2004; 32(5): 123-4.
[12]
Roscoe MG, Meira JB, Cattaneo PM. Association of orthodontic force system and root resorption: A systematic review. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 147(5): 610-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2014.12.026]
[13]
Ding XY, Yuan GJ. New progress in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. J Clin Stomatol 2014; 30(11): 702-3.
[14]
Nimeri G, Kau CH, Abou-Kheir NS, Corona R. Acceleration of tooth movement during orthodontic treatment-a frontier in Orthodontics. Prog Orthod 2013; 14(1): 1-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2196-1042-14-42]
[15]
Wang AP. Prevention and treatment of fixed orthodontic complications. Med Front 2017; 7(14): 95-6.
[16]
Yu WJ, Liu L. Impact of adult orthodontic treatment on life quality. J Oral Sci Res 2011; 27(4): 348-50.
[17]
Qin YJ, Yan B, Pan CQ, Zhu LL, Cheng L, Zhao CY. Clinical study of corticotomy assisted orthodontic treatment. Stomatol 2016; 36(12): 1092-7.
[18]
Kalemaj Z, Debernardi CL, Buti J. Efficacy of surgical and non surgical interventions on accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review. Eur J Oral Implantology 2015; 8(1): 9-24.
[19]
Chen YT, Zhang WB, Yan B, Pan YC. Research progress of the acceleration of orthodontic tooth movement. Stomatol 2017; 37(5): 457-61.
[20]
Lai XY, Liu B, Lu X, Liu Y. Application experience of micro-implant anchorage in orthodontic treatment. J Pract Med 2008; 24(18): 3218-20.
[21]
Hou YN, Chang X. Application of mini-implant anchorage in orthodontic treatment. J Dalian Med Univ 2011; 33(3): 300-4.
[22]
Borsos G, Vokó Z, Gredes T, Kunert-Keil C, Vegh A. Tooth movement using palatal implant supported anchorage compared to conventional dental anchorage. Ann Anat 2012; 194(6): 556-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aanat.2012.08.003]
[23]
Lin QH, Chen XM, Bai D, Zhang XW, Lu GY, Xue SY. Orthodontic bracket of ability overdrive CN104107093 (2014).
[24]
Ye L, Zhu SL. Research progress on lingual self-ligating bracket orthodontic treatment. Int J Stomatol 2009; 36(5): 616-8.
[25]
Lv T. Orthodontic self-locking bracket capable of effectively expressing torque CN104257430 (2015).
[26]
Pan XG. Cover type bracket for tooth correction CN201189211 (2009).
[27]
Wang HY. Clinic effect of herbal preparations on periodontal tissue reconstruction at tooth movement period in orthodontic patients. J Clin Psychosom Dis 2017; 23(5): 112-4.
[28]
Wei JP, Ma JJ, Zhang XZ. Corticotomy facilitated accelerating orthodontic tooth movement Review Med Recapitulate 2015; 21(13): 2319-21.
[29]
Iglesias-Linares A, Moreno-Fernandez AM, Yañez-Vico R, Mendoza-Mendoza A, Gonzalez-Moles M, Solano-Reina E. The use of gene therapy vs. corticotomy surgery in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Orthod Craniofac Res 2011; 14(3): 138-48.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2011.01519.x]
[30]
Bowman SJ. The effect of vibration on the rate of leveling and alignment. J Clin Orthod 2014; 48(11): 678-88.
[31]
Jawad MM, Husein A, Alam MK, Hassan R, Shaari R. Overview of non-invasive factors (low level laser and low intensity pulsed ultrasound) accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 29(1): 367-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1199-8]
[32]
Cifter M, Celikel ADG, Cifter ED, et al. Comparison of the efficiency of alveolar decortication and low level laser therapy on orthodontic tooth movement and alveolar metabolism in rats. J Dent Sci 2019; 14(4): 401-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jds.2019.08.004]
[33]
Fromont-Colson C, Marquez-Diaz M, Badran Z, Cuny-Houchmand M, Soueidan A. Efficiency of low-level laser therapy for orthodontic tooth movement: A review. Lasers Dent Sci 2017; 1(2-4): 47-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41547-017-0010-3]
[34]
Hashimoto H. Effect of micro-pulsed electricity on experimental tooth movement. Nippon Kyosei Shika Gakkai Zasshi 1990; 49(4): 352-413.
[35]
Kameda T, Oda H, Ohkuma K, Terada K. Effects of magnetic fields from electric toothbrushes on fluoride- and oral bacteria-induced corrosion of orthodontic metallic wires. Dent Mater J 2019; 38(6): 909-20.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4012/dmj.2018-293]
[36]
Kang ZM, Li CM, Shi J, Sha YH. Experimental study of rotating pulsed magnetic field on orthodontic alveolar bone remodeling in rabbits. J Jishou Univ (Nat Sci Ed) 2010; 31(2): 108-10.
[37]
Kanzaki H, Chiba M, Arai K, Takahashi I, Haruyama N, Nishimura M, et al. Local RANKL gene transfer to the periodontal tissue accelerates orthodontic tooth movement. Gene Ther 2006; 13(8): 678-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.gt.3302707]
[38]
Alansari S, Nervina J, Alikhani M, Sangsuwon C, Teixeira CC. Different methods of accelerating tooth movement. Clin Dent Rev 2017; 1(1): 10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41894-017-0010-4]
[39]
Yuan CP, Cheng J, Yang JR. Advances in research on maxillofacial cortical incision to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Stomatology 2013; 33(11): 786-8.
[40]
Feng LX, Ma WS. Research progress in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement speed. J Hebei Med Univ 2009; 30(4): 424-6.
[41]
Huo ML, Zhang WB. Advances on the vibration accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. Chin J Orthod 2018; 25(1): 33-6.
[42]
Goodship AE, Lawes TJ, Rubin CT. Low-magnitude high-frequency mechanical signals accelerate and augment endochondral bone repair: Preliminary evidence of efficacy. J Orthop Res 2009; 27(7): 922-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.20824]
[43]
Wang K. Orthodontics in the age factor for root resorption and root resorption of preferred teeth MSc DissertationChina Medical University, Shenyang, China May 2011.
[44]
Feng XB, Lin J. Analysis of psychological factors and cooperation of patients of different ages during orthodontic retention treatment. Chin J Pract Stomatol 2010; 3(8): 491-3.
[45]
Chen J, Cheng J, Huang JQ. Clinical application of colorless transparent activity holder. Fujian Med J 2001; 23(1): 45-6.
[46]
Lu QH, Lu CH. Novel stealth orthodontic facing CN202821670 (2013).
[47]
Qiu MH. Dental braces with vibration device CN203303170 (2013).
[48]
Yamamoto T, Kamioka H, Adachi T, Fukushima S, Sakimual T. Orthodontic appliance US20120148971 (2012).
[49]
Wang JB, Jia QL, Lin DZ, et al. Memory alloy non-bracket invisible appliance and manufacturing method thereof CN106725926 (2017).
[50]
Tu DW. Combined type tooth correcting device and tooth socket reinforcing device CN201987689 (2011).
[51]
Qin HY, Wang MQ, Yuan L. Pain control in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders by stabilization splint. J Pract Stomatol 2006; 22(1): 68-71.
[52]
Kang H, Wang JW. Treatment of stomatognathic dysfunction with occlusal splints. Chin J Pract Stomatol 2011; 4(4): 212-6.
[53]
Shipley TS. Effects of High Frequency acceleration device on aligner treatment-a pilot study. Dent J 2018; 6(3) e32
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj6030032]
[54]
Way BA, Johnson R. Systems and methods for accelerated tooth movement in aligner treatment US20180078338 (2018).
[55]
Lowe MK. Vibrating orthodontic remodeling device and method thereof US8939762 (2015).
[56]
Lowe MK. Pulsatile orthodontic device and methods. US9700384 (2017).
[57]
Lowe MK, Bevly A, Chen R. Orthodontic accelerator US9907626 (2018).
[58]
Kau CH, Nguyen JT, English JD. The clinical evaluation of a novel cyclical force generating device in orthodontics. Orthod Pract 2010; 1(1): 1-4.
[59]
Lowe MK, Bevly A, Spaulding G. Intra-oral vibrating othodontic devices US20150173856 (2015).
[60]
Zhong MQ. Effect observation of different nursing process on the expectation and compliance of orthodontic patients. Clin Med Eng 2016; 23(4): 519-20.
[61]
Zhao GB, Cai DX. Orthodontics accelerating device. CN105686889 (2016).
[62]
You XY. Musical resonance tooth orthotics accelerator CN204133620 (2015).
[63]
Song DS, Zhang ZY. Multifunctional oral cavity therapeutic equipment CN101496744 (2009).
[64]
Zhi XY, Li ZJ, Xia ZY, Zhao QF, Yu G. Development of a vibrator used for accelerating orthodontic treatment. IEEE International Conference on Information Science and Technology (ICIST). Shenzhen, China. April, 2014.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICIST.2014.6920590]
[65]
Xia ZY, Zhi XY, Xiong J, Hu Y. Vibrator CN103462708 (2016).
[66]
Chen J, Xia ZY. Vibrator for tooth movement modulation. US2015297319 (2015).
[67]
Lowe MK, Swol LW. Vibrating orthodontic strip. US20150182305 (2015).
[68]
Chen WJ, Yang ZB, Cui HD. Clinical application of ultrasound in the acceleration of orthodontic tooth. Acta Univ Med Nanjing (Nat Sci) 1995; 15(3): 537-9.
[69]
Xue H, Zheng J, Cui ZP, Bai XF, Li G, Zhang CD, et al. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound accelerates tooth movement via activation of the BMP-2 signaling pathway. Plos One 2013; 8(7) e68926
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0068926]
[70]
Luan LY, Jiang JH, Li CY, Wang HC, Gao LH. Animal study on the ultrasound accelerated orthodontic tooth movement. J Oral Sci Res 2016; 32(2): 109-12.
[71]
Du TT, Li J, Du HL, Cheng M, Zhang T. Research progress of accelerating orthodontic tooth movement. Chin J Pract Stomatol 2017; 10(2): 122-6.
[72]
Xu J, Liu ZF. Orthodontic dual-frequency ultrasonic therapy device CN102283713 (2011).
[73]
Wang JH, Wang HC, Li CY, et al. Wireless just abnormal adjunctie therapy appearance CN204839788 (2015).
[74]
Li LH. Orthodontic treatment auxiliary therapeutic instrument CN106308956 (2017).
[75]
Chung H, Dai TH, Sharma SK, Huang YY, Carroll JD, Hamblin MR, et al. The nuts and bolts of low-level laser (light) therapy. Ann Biomed Eng 2012; 40(2): 516-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-011-0454-7]
[76]
Ge MK, He WL, Chen J, Wen C, Yin X, Hu ZA, et al. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30(5): 1609-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-014-1538-z]
[77]
Domínguez A, Gómez C, Palma JC. Effects of low-level laser therapy on orthodontics: Rate of tooth movement, pain, and release of RANKL and OPG in GCF. Lasers Med Sci 2015; 30(2): 915-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-013-1508-x]
[78]
Huth KC, Neuhaus KW, Gygax M, Bücher K, Crispin A, Paschos E, et al. Clinical performance of a new laser fluorescence device for detection of occlusal caries lesions in permanent molars. J Dent 2008; 36(12): 1033-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdent.2008.08.013]
[79]
Genc G, Kocadereli I, Tasar F, Kilinc K, Ei S, Sarkarati B. Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on orthodontic tooth movement. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 28(1): 41-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1059-6]
[80]
Gontijo IT, Navarro RS, Ciamponi AL, Zezell DM. Whitening techniques using the diode laser and halogen lamp in human devitalized primary teeth. J Dent Child 2008; 75(2): 164-7.
[81]
Wang M, Sun XM, Sun XH. Effects of He-Ne laser irradiation on VEGF mRNA and VEGFR-2 mRNA expression in periodontium of tooth movement in rabbits. J Oral Sci Res 2009; 25(6): 692-5.
[82]
Gao GM, Li M, Gao Y. Clinical application of low energy laser in the aeceleration of orthodontic tooth movement. J Harbin Med Univ 2002; 36(6): 481-2.
[83]
Youssef M, Ashkar S, Hamade E, Gutknecht N, Lampert F, Mir M. The effect of low-level laser therapy during orthodontic movement: A preliminary study. Lasers Med Sci 2008; 23(1): 27-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10103-007-0449-7]
[84]
Doshi-Mehta G, Bhad-Patil WA. Efficacy of low-intensity laser therapy in reducing treatment time and orthodontic pain: A clinical investigation. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 141(3): 289-97.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.09.009]
[85]
Heacock G, Lowe MK. Laser orthodontic devices US20150164618 (2015).
[86]
Wang L, Feng Z. Progress in clinical application and mechanism of nerve electrical stimulation. Chin J Rehab Med 2013; 28(8): 775-8.
[87]
Zhan SY, Duan YG. The effect of electric currents in orthodontic tooth movement. J Hua Xi Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1986; 4(2): 104-7.
[88]
Korostoff E, Davidovitch Z. Method and apparatus for electrically enhanced bone growth and tooth movement US4153060 (1979).
[89]
Leonhardt HJ, Genovese J, Marchetto JJ. Orthodontic treatment US20170274206 (2017).
[90]
Blechman AM, Smiley H. Magnetic force in orthodontics. Am J Orthod 1978; 74(4): 435-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0002-9416(78)90066-0]
[91]
Chen QR, Lou ZH, Cai Z, et al. Effect of pulsed electromagnetic field on rat tooth movement. J Clin Stomatol 1990; 6(3): 171-2.
[92]
Akpolat V, Celik MS, Celik Y, Akdeniz N, Ozerdem MS. Treatment of osteoporosis by long-term magnetic field with extremely low frequency in rats. Gynecol Endocrinol 2009; 25(8): 524-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09513590902972075]
[93]
Su XS, Zhang M. Mechanism of osteogenesis promoted by electromagnetic fields. Chin J Dent Mater Dev 2005; 14(2): 96-8.
[94]
Liang AY, Wang DW. Progress in research and application of rare earth permanent magnets in orthodontics. Chin J Stomatol Res 2009; 3(6): 56-8.
[95]
Liu CH. Effect of electromagnetic field on new bone osteogenesis of alveolar bone. J Pract Med 2004; 20(7): 737-8.
[96]
Yin ZP, Guo L, Wang TY, Lv SL, Che YM. Effect of magnetic field on the proliferation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Contemporary Med 2013; 19(4): 10-1.
[97]
Dogru M, Akpolat V, Dogru AG, Karadede B, Akkurt A, Karadede MI. Examination of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on orthodontic tooth movement in rats. Biotechnol Biotechnol Equip 2014; 28(1): 118-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13102818.2014.901669]
[98]
Huang SG, Kang ZM, Zhang JX, Xiong PY. Experimental study of rotating pulsed magnetic field on orthodontic tooth movement in rabbits. China J Mod Med 2005; 15(20): 3085-8.
[99]
Showkatbakhsh R, Jamilian A, Showkatbakhsh M. The effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the acceleration of tooth movement. World J Orthod 2010; 11(4): e52-6.
[100]
Jansen JH, Jagt OPVD, Punt BJ, Verhaar JA, Leeuwen JPV, Weinans H, et al. Stimulation of osteogenic differentiation in human osteoprogenitor cells by pulsed electromagnetic fields: An in vitro study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2010; 11(1): 188.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-11-188]
[101]
Zhou Y, Zeng RS. Research progress on the mechanism of static magnetic field in promoting osteogenesis. Chin J Stomatol Res 2014; 8(5): 430-2.
[102]
Wang LY. Static magnetic fields of application on the orthodontic clinics and researching its biological safety in the maxillofacial skeletal muscle cells. PhD Dissertation. The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China, April 2010.
[103]
Yu YJ, Sun WB, Ren SS, Liu C, Miao LY. Effects of static magnetic field at different intensity on proliferation and differentiation of osteob last cells. J Oral Sci Res 2016; 32(9): 893-6.
[104]
Smiley H, Blechman A. Integrated oral magnetic osteogenic appliances US4457707 (1984).
[105]
Xia JM, Xia Y. Magnetic guide dental correcting device and correcting method thereof CN107928815 (2018).
[106]
Lowe MK, Swol LW. Electro-orthodontic device US9662183 (2017).
[107]
Huang Z, Chen J, Ma J, Shen B, Pei F, Kraus VB. Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23(9): 1437-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2015.04.005]
[108]
Limpanichkul W, Godfrey K, Srisuk N, Rattanayatikul C. Effects of low-level laser therapy on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Orthod Craniofac Res 2010; 9(1): 38-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-6343.2006.00338.x]
[109]
Alikhani M, Khoo E, Alyami B, Raptis M, Salgueiro JM, Oliveira SM, et al. Osteogenic effect of high-frequency acceleration on alveolar bone. J Dent Res 2012; 91(4): 413-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034512438590]
[110]
Kalajzic Z, Peluso EB, Utreja A, Dyment N, Nihara J, Xu MS, et al. Effect of cyclical forces on the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone remodeling during orthodontic tooth movement. Angle Orthod 2014; 84(2): 297-303.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/032213-234.1]
[111]
Yadav S, Dobie T, Assefnia A, Gupta H, Kalajzic Z, Nanda R. Effect of low-frequency mechanical vibration on orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2015; 148(3): 440-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.03.031]
[112]
Jing D, Xiao JN, Li XB, Li Y, Zhao ZH. The effectiveness of vibrational stimulus to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement: A systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2017; 17(1): 143-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0437-7]
[113]
Pavlin D, Anthony R, Raj V, Gakunga PT. Cyclic loading (vibration) accelerates tooth movement in orthodontic patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Semin Orthod 2015; 21(3): 187-94.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.sodo.2015.06.005]
[114]
Li D. Experimental study on accelerating the movement speed of orthodontic teeth and the mechanism of orthodontic tooth movement.PhD Dissertation. The Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China April 1991.
[115]
Xia XX, Wang SD, Li YY, Liu Y, Gao H. Molecular mechanism to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement Diet health care. 2016; 3(8): 251-.
[116]
Vandevska-Radunovic V. Neural modulation of inflammatory reactions in dental tissues incident to orthodontic tooth movement. A review of the literature. Eur J Orthod 1999; 21(3): 231-47.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejo/21.3.231]
[117]
Alikhani M, Alansari S, Hamidaddin MA, Sangsuwon C, Alyami B, Thirumoorthy SN, et al. Vibration paradox in orthodontics: Anabolic and catabolic effects. Plos One 2018; 13(5) e0196540
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0196540]
[118]
Lundeberg T, Nordemar R, Ottoson D. Pain alleviation by vibratory stimulation. Pain 1984; 20(1): 25-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(84)90808-X]
[119]
Lobre WD, Callegari BJ, Gardner G, Marsh CM, Bush AC, Dunn WJ. Pain control in orthodontics using a micropulse vibration device: A randomized clinical trial. Angle Orthod 2016; 86(4): 625-30.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/072115-492.1]
[120]
Powers MJ. Hand held device for reducing the discomfort associated with the adjusting of orthodontic appliances US005967784 (1999).
[121]
Woodhouse NR, Dibiase AT, Papageorgiou SN, Johnson N, Slipper C, Grant J, et al. Supplemental vibrational force does not reduce pain experience during initial alignment with fixed orthodontic appliances: A multicenter randomized clinical trial. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 17224.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep17224]
[122]
Marie SS, Powers M, Sheridan JJ. Vibratory stimulation as a method of reducing pain after orthodontic appliance adjustment. J Clin Orthodontics Jco 2003; 37(4): 205-8.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy