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Review Article

口腔疾病发展中的表观遗传改变的影响

卷 28, 期 6, 2021

发表于: 14 January, 2020

页: [1091 - 1103] 页: 13

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867327666200114114802

价格: $65

摘要

背景：表观遗传机制改变基因表达和调节重要的细胞过程，有助于主要牙科疾病的发生和进展。它们的可逆性可能有助于靶向治疗。本文就口腔鳞状细胞癌、牙髓炎、牙周炎、龋齿和先天性口面畸形的表观遗传学变化进行综述，以寻找潜在的治疗靶点。 方法：我们进行了一个结构化的检索书目数据库(PubMed和MEDLINE)，为同行评议的表观遗传学研究，重点关注口腔疾病在过去十年。对筛选后的论文进行了定性内容分析，并对主要发现进行了批判性讨论。 结果：一些表观遗传修饰与OSCC的发病机制有关，包括参与DNA修复、细胞周期调控和增殖的基因启动子甲基化导致恶性转化。此外，肿瘤抑制基因的表观遗传失活、组蛋白伴侣和几种microrna的过表达与OSCC的侵袭性有关。研究人员在牙髓炎中检测到IFN-γ甲基化模式和组蛋白的三甲基化反应，同时检测到一些microrna的异常表达，这些microrna主要影响细胞因子的产生。慢性牙周病与toll样受体2、前列腺素合成酶2、E-cadherin和一些炎症细胞因子的甲基化模式修饰以及miR-146a和miR155的过表达有关。此外，DNA甲基化被发现调节角膜形成，并牵涉到龋的发病机制以及一些先天性口面部畸形。 结论：强有力的证据表明，表观遗传学改变参与口腔疾病的发病机制，表观遗传学靶向可作为目前口腔健康管理的补充治疗方案。

关键词: 表观遗传学，口腔疾病，口腔鳞癌，牙周炎，DNA甲基化，龋齿

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