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Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 2666-0822
ISSN (Online): 2666-0830

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Research Article

Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection with Machine Learning Methods

Author(s): Uğur Erkan* and Dang N.H. Thanh

Volume 15, Issue 4, 2019

Page: [297 - 308] Pages: 12

DOI: 10.2174/2666082215666191111121115

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a disorder associated with genetic and neurological components leading to difficulties in social interaction and communication. According to statistics of WHO, the number of patients diagnosed with ASD is gradually increasing. Most of the current studies focus on clinical diagnosis, data collection and brain images analysis, but do not focus on the diagnosis of ASD based on machine learning.

Objective: This study aims to classify ASD data to provide a quick, accessible and easy way to support early diagnosis of ASD.

Methods: Three ASD datasets are used for children, adolescences and adults. To classify the ASD data, we used the k-Nearest Neighbours method (kNN), the Support Vector Machine method (SVM) and the Random Forests method (RF). In our experiments, the data was randomly split into training and test sets. The parts of the data were randomly selected 100 times to test the classification methods.

Results: The final results were assessed by the average values. It is shown that SVM and RF are effective methods for ASD classification. In particular, the RF method classified the data with an accuracy of 100% for all above datasets.

Conclusion: The early diagnosis of ASD is critical. If the number of data samples is large enough, we can achieve a high accuracy for machine learning-based ASD diagnosis. Among three classification methods, RF achieves the best performance for ASD data classification.

Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, machine learning, supervised learning, random forest, k-nearest neighbour, support vector machine.

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