Abstract
miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptionally gene expression by degradation or translational repression of specific target mRNAs. In the 90s, lin-4 and let-7 were firstly identified as small regulatory RNAs able to control C. elegans larval development, by specifically targeting the 3’UTR of lin-14 and lin-28, respectively. These findings have introduced a novel and wide layer of complexity in the regulation of mRNA and protein expression. Lin-4 and let-7 are now considered the founding members of an abundant class of small fine-tuned RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs), in viruses, green algae, plants, flies, worms, and in mammals. In humans, the estimated number of genes encoding for miRNAs is as high as 1000 and around 30% of the protein-coding genes are post-transcriptionally controlled by miRNAs.
This article reviews the role of miRNAs in regulating several biological responses in muscle cells, ranging from proliferation, differentiation and adaptation to stress cues. Cardiac and skeletal muscles are powerful examples to summarize the activity of miRNAs in cell fate specification, lineage differentiation and metabolic pathways. Indeed, specific miRNAs control the number of proliferating muscle progenitors to guarantee the proper formation of the heart and muscle fibers and to assure the self-renewal of muscle progenitors during adult tissue regeneration. On the other side, several other miRNAs promote the differentiation of muscle progenitors into skeletal myofibers or into cardiomyocytes, where metabolic activity, survival and remodeling process in response to stress, injury and chronic diseases are also fine-tuned by miRNAs.
Keywords: miRNAs, stem cells, cardiac and muscle myogenesis, Proliferation, progenitors, Biogenesis, polymerase, miRtrons, exonucleolytic
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Role of miRNAs in Muscle Stem Cell Biology: Proliferation, Differentiation and Death
Volume: 18 Issue: 13
Author(s): Stefania Crippa, Marco Cassano, Maurilio Sampaolesi
Affiliation:
Keywords: miRNAs, stem cells, cardiac and muscle myogenesis, Proliferation, progenitors, Biogenesis, polymerase, miRtrons, exonucleolytic
Abstract: miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptionally gene expression by degradation or translational repression of specific target mRNAs. In the 90s, lin-4 and let-7 were firstly identified as small regulatory RNAs able to control C. elegans larval development, by specifically targeting the 3’UTR of lin-14 and lin-28, respectively. These findings have introduced a novel and wide layer of complexity in the regulation of mRNA and protein expression. Lin-4 and let-7 are now considered the founding members of an abundant class of small fine-tuned RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs), in viruses, green algae, plants, flies, worms, and in mammals. In humans, the estimated number of genes encoding for miRNAs is as high as 1000 and around 30% of the protein-coding genes are post-transcriptionally controlled by miRNAs.
This article reviews the role of miRNAs in regulating several biological responses in muscle cells, ranging from proliferation, differentiation and adaptation to stress cues. Cardiac and skeletal muscles are powerful examples to summarize the activity of miRNAs in cell fate specification, lineage differentiation and metabolic pathways. Indeed, specific miRNAs control the number of proliferating muscle progenitors to guarantee the proper formation of the heart and muscle fibers and to assure the self-renewal of muscle progenitors during adult tissue regeneration. On the other side, several other miRNAs promote the differentiation of muscle progenitors into skeletal myofibers or into cardiomyocytes, where metabolic activity, survival and remodeling process in response to stress, injury and chronic diseases are also fine-tuned by miRNAs.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Stefania Crippa, Marco Cassano, Maurilio Sampaolesi , Role of miRNAs in Muscle Stem Cell Biology: Proliferation, Differentiation and Death, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2012; 18 (13) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799859620
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161212799859620 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Matrix Metallopropteinases in Heart Failure
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Progress Towards the Development of DHQO Derivatives and Related Analogues with Inotropic Effects
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Heart Failure and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Current Pharmaceutical Design Multimodality Imaging for Interventional Cardiology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endothelin-1 and Endothelin Converting Enzyme-1 in Human Atherosclerosis - Novel Targets for Pharmacotherapy in Atherosclerosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cardiac Complications Attributed to Hydroxychloroquine: A Systematic Review of the Literature Pre-COVID-19
Current Cardiology Reviews The HGF/c-Met Receptor System Under Pathological Conditions
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Clinical Vignettes: Integrated Care of Cancer Patients by Oncologists and Cardiologists
Current Cardiology Reviews Stress Hormone-Mediated DNA Damage Response -- Implications for Cellular Senescence and Tumour Progression
Current Drug Targets Cardiac Effects of Anabolic Steroids: Hypertrophy, Ischemia and Electrical Remodelling as Potential Triggers of Sudden Death
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Developing Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors as Anti-Cancer Therapeutics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Muscular Dystrophies: Histology, Immunohistochemistry, Molecular Genetics and Management
Current Pharmaceutical Design Heat Shock Proteins - Two Sides of a Coin
Current Cardiology Reviews Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias
Current Cardiology Reviews A Comprehensive Review on Chrysin: Emphasis on Molecular Targets, Pharmacological Actions and Bio-pharmaceutical Aspects
Current Drug Targets Pathogenesis of Age-Related Cataract: A Systematic Review of Proteomic Studies
Current Proteomics The Failing Heart in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by Excessive Water Drinking: A Case Report and Brief Review
New Emirates Medical Journal High-Density Lipoprotein-Raising Strategies: Update 2010
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial: (Thematic Issue: Novel Strategies for Cardiac Repair Post-Myocardial Infarction)
Current Pharmaceutical Design Understanding Abnormal c-JNK/p38MAPK Signaling in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Potential Drug Targets and Influences on Neurological Disorders
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets