Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) tumors are the most common type of brain tumors. These tumors are in general very malignant and can be characterized as rapidly progressive astrocytomas. The pathological characteristics of these tumors are exemplified by an active invasiveness, necrosis and a specialized form of angiogenesis, known as microvascular hyperplasia. These pathological features are thought to be due to tissue hypoxia. Cells that are under hypoxic stress can either develop an adaptive response that includes increasing the rate of glycolysis and angiogenesis or undergo cell death by promoting apoptosis and/or necrosis. The ability of tumor cells to maintain a balance between an adaptation to hypoxia and cell death is regulated by a family of transcription factors called hypoxia-inducing factors (HIF), which are essential for the regulation of the expression of a large number of hypoxia-responsive genes. The hypothesis that tumor hypoxia would facilitate the likelihood of metastases, tumor recurrence, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and the invasive potential; all of which culminate in a decrease in patient survival. In this review we will summarize the role of hypoxia in GBM with regard to drug therapy and toxicity and attempt to describe the possible interactions between hypoxia and apoptosis.
Current Molecular Pharmacology
Title: Hypoxia and the Malignant Glioma Microenvironment: Regulation and Implications for Therapy
Volume: 2
Author(s): L. Oliver, C. Olivier, F. B. Marhuenda, M. Campone and F. M. Vallette
Affiliation:
Keywords: Apoptosis, hypoxia, glioma
Abstract: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) tumors are the most common type of brain tumors. These tumors are in general very malignant and can be characterized as rapidly progressive astrocytomas. The pathological characteristics of these tumors are exemplified by an active invasiveness, necrosis and a specialized form of angiogenesis, known as microvascular hyperplasia. These pathological features are thought to be due to tissue hypoxia. Cells that are under hypoxic stress can either develop an adaptive response that includes increasing the rate of glycolysis and angiogenesis or undergo cell death by promoting apoptosis and/or necrosis. The ability of tumor cells to maintain a balance between an adaptation to hypoxia and cell death is regulated by a family of transcription factors called hypoxia-inducing factors (HIF), which are essential for the regulation of the expression of a large number of hypoxia-responsive genes. The hypothesis that tumor hypoxia would facilitate the likelihood of metastases, tumor recurrence, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and the invasive potential; all of which culminate in a decrease in patient survival. In this review we will summarize the role of hypoxia in GBM with regard to drug therapy and toxicity and attempt to describe the possible interactions between hypoxia and apoptosis.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Oliver L., Olivier C., Marhuenda B. F., Campone M. and Vallette M. F., Hypoxia and the Malignant Glioma Microenvironment: Regulation and Implications for Therapy, Current Molecular Pharmacology 2009; 2 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874467210902030263
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874467210902030263 |
Print ISSN 1874-4672 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1874-4702 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Prospects for Anti-Neoplastic Therapies Based on Telomere Biology
Current Cancer Drug Targets Transdermal Drug Delivery: A Step towards Treatment of Cancer
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and Non-Stem Cancer Cells: The Potential of Lipid- Based Nanoparticles
Current Pharmaceutical Design Integrins in Drug Targeting-RGD Templates in Toxins
Current Pharmaceutical Design Flavonoids: The Innocuous Agents Offering Protection against Alzheimer’s Disease Through Modulation of Proinflammatory and Apoptotic Pathways
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry EGFR-Targeting Monoclonal Antibodies in Head and Neck Cancer
Current Cancer Drug Targets Folate-modified Graphene Oxide as the Drug Delivery System to Load Temozolomide
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Regulators of Chemokine Receptor Activity as Promising Anticancer Therapeutics
Current Cancer Drug Targets Protein-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Current Organic Chemistry Omega-3 Fatty Acid Treatment Combined with Chemotherapy to Prevent Toxicity, Drug Resistance, and Metastasis in Cancer
Current Drug Targets Physiology, Pharmacology and Pathophysiology of the pH Regulatory Transport Proteins NHE1 and NBCn1: Similarities, Differences, and Implications for Cancer Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Computational Evaluation and In Vitro Validation of New Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Tumor Hypoxia
Current Medical Imaging Prevention of Intracerebral Haemorrhage
Current Drug Targets Potential Role of PKC Inhibitors in the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Review of Selected Patents for Cancer Therapy Targeting Tumor Angiogenesis
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Current Approaches for Drug Delivery to Central Nervous System
Current Drug Delivery Risk Assessment of the Use of Autonomous Parvovirus-Based Vectors
Current Gene Therapy TGFb and its Smad Connection to Cancer
Current Genomics Anti-Toxoplasma Activity of Natural Products: A Review
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery