Abstract
Background: Apolipoprotein-E (apoE) ε4 allele is a known risk factor for Alzheimers disease (AD). Polymorphism of apoE is also one of the most important genetic markers for coronary artery disease (CAD). The allelic variation in the apoE gene has a significant effect on inter-individual variation of lipids and lipoprotein plasma levels as well. This study investigated whether apoE polymorphism affects the plasma levels of apoE and the possible association to CAD extent and cognitive functions. Methods: Plasma apoE levels and apoE genotypes were evaluated of subjects with normal coronary arteries, and individuals with angiographycally confirmed mild/moderate or severe atheromatosis. The cognitive performance of the volunteers was also measured by mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Results: Out of the 6 expected genotypes, only 5 were detected in participants: E3/3 (56.0%), E3/4 (23.6%), E4/4 (8.2%), E2/4 (3.3%), E2/3 (8.9%). The ε3 allele (72%) was the most frequent, followed by ε4 (22%) and ε2 (6%). No difference was found in plasma levels of either apoE or in apoE genotype frequencies among the groups, however MMSE scores of CAD patients irrespective of their atheromatosis extent were significantly lower than that seen in the normal population. Conclusions: Although neither apoE plasma levels, nor apoE polymorphism in patients presenting with mild/moderate or severe atheromatosis showed to be associated with CAD severity, the presence of atheromatosis in the heart vessels positively correlated with cognitive dysfunction.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, apolipoprotein-E, atheromatosis, cognitive impairment, coronary artery disease, polymorphism, plasma levels
Current Alzheimer Research
Title: Atheromatosis Extent in Coronary Artery Disease is not Correlated with Apolipoprotein-E Polymorphism and its Plasma Levels, but Associated with Cognitive Decline
Volume: 7 Issue: 6
Author(s): L. M. Lima, M.d. G. Carvalho, C. N. Ferreira, A. P. Fernandes, C. P.d.F. Neto, J. C.F. Garcia, H. J. Reis, Z. Janka, A. Palotas and M. d.O. Sousa
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, apolipoprotein-E, atheromatosis, cognitive impairment, coronary artery disease, polymorphism, plasma levels
Abstract: Background: Apolipoprotein-E (apoE) ε4 allele is a known risk factor for Alzheimers disease (AD). Polymorphism of apoE is also one of the most important genetic markers for coronary artery disease (CAD). The allelic variation in the apoE gene has a significant effect on inter-individual variation of lipids and lipoprotein plasma levels as well. This study investigated whether apoE polymorphism affects the plasma levels of apoE and the possible association to CAD extent and cognitive functions. Methods: Plasma apoE levels and apoE genotypes were evaluated of subjects with normal coronary arteries, and individuals with angiographycally confirmed mild/moderate or severe atheromatosis. The cognitive performance of the volunteers was also measured by mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Results: Out of the 6 expected genotypes, only 5 were detected in participants: E3/3 (56.0%), E3/4 (23.6%), E4/4 (8.2%), E2/4 (3.3%), E2/3 (8.9%). The ε3 allele (72%) was the most frequent, followed by ε4 (22%) and ε2 (6%). No difference was found in plasma levels of either apoE or in apoE genotype frequencies among the groups, however MMSE scores of CAD patients irrespective of their atheromatosis extent were significantly lower than that seen in the normal population. Conclusions: Although neither apoE plasma levels, nor apoE polymorphism in patients presenting with mild/moderate or severe atheromatosis showed to be associated with CAD severity, the presence of atheromatosis in the heart vessels positively correlated with cognitive dysfunction.
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M. Lima L., G. Carvalho M.d., N. Ferreira C., P. Fernandes A., P.d.F. Neto C., C.F. Garcia J., J. Reis H., Janka Z., Palotas A. and d.O. Sousa M., Atheromatosis Extent in Coronary Artery Disease is not Correlated with Apolipoprotein-E Polymorphism and its Plasma Levels, but Associated with Cognitive Decline, Current Alzheimer Research 2010; 7 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720510792231711
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720510792231711 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
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Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
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