Abstract
In the central nervous system (CNS) and in the periphery, specific proteins (transporters) are responsible for the regulation of the synaptic concentrations of the major monoamine neurotransmitters, noradrenaline (NE), serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA). Several reports have shown that the expression of these transporters within the CNS may be altered in patients with certain neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, in the CNS the monoamine transporters are major targets for existing and developmental drugs. The best known drugs targeting these transporters are the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (e.g. citalopram, Celexa®) that are most frequently used in the treatment of clinical depression. Selective NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) have also found use for the treatment of depression and other conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) disorder. Given that the NE transporter (NET) is also a binding site for cocaine and drugs of abuse, there is a great need for a probe to assess the densities of NET in vivo by brain imaging with either positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission tomography (SPET). PET in particular has the potential to measure NET densities quantitatively and with high resolution in the human brain in vivo. The quality of a PET image depends crucially on the radioligand used in the emission measurement. Commonly used radionuclides in PET radioligands are carbon-11 (t1/2 = 20.4 min) and fluorine-18 (t1/2 = 109.8 min). This review specifically summarizes the present status of the development of 11C- or 18F-labeled ligands as tools for imaging NET in brain with PET in support of neuropsychiatric clinical research and drug development.
Keywords: NET, radioligand, PET, carbon-11, fluorine-18
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Development of Radioligands for Imaging of Brain Norepinephrine Transporters In Vivo with Positron Emission Tomography
Volume: 7 Issue: 18
Author(s): Magnus Schou, Victor W. Pike and Christer Halldin
Affiliation:
Keywords: NET, radioligand, PET, carbon-11, fluorine-18
Abstract: In the central nervous system (CNS) and in the periphery, specific proteins (transporters) are responsible for the regulation of the synaptic concentrations of the major monoamine neurotransmitters, noradrenaline (NE), serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA). Several reports have shown that the expression of these transporters within the CNS may be altered in patients with certain neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, in the CNS the monoamine transporters are major targets for existing and developmental drugs. The best known drugs targeting these transporters are the selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (e.g. citalopram, Celexa®) that are most frequently used in the treatment of clinical depression. Selective NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) have also found use for the treatment of depression and other conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) disorder. Given that the NE transporter (NET) is also a binding site for cocaine and drugs of abuse, there is a great need for a probe to assess the densities of NET in vivo by brain imaging with either positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission tomography (SPET). PET in particular has the potential to measure NET densities quantitatively and with high resolution in the human brain in vivo. The quality of a PET image depends crucially on the radioligand used in the emission measurement. Commonly used radionuclides in PET radioligands are carbon-11 (t1/2 = 20.4 min) and fluorine-18 (t1/2 = 109.8 min). This review specifically summarizes the present status of the development of 11C- or 18F-labeled ligands as tools for imaging NET in brain with PET in support of neuropsychiatric clinical research and drug development.
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Cite this article as:
Schou Magnus, Pike W. Victor and Halldin Christer, Development of Radioligands for Imaging of Brain Norepinephrine Transporters In Vivo with Positron Emission Tomography, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 7 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802607782507411
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802607782507411 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
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