Abstract
Proteasomes are the major nonlysosomal protein degradation machinery in eukaryotic cells and they are largely responsible for the processing of antigens for presentation by the MHC class I pathway. This review concentrates on recent developments in the area of antigen processing. Specialized proteasomes called immunoproteasomes and an 11S regulator of proteasomes (PA28) are induced by interferon-g, but it is not entirely clear why changes in proteasome structure are beneficial for antigen presentation. Different proteasome complexes have distinct subcellular distributions and subtle differences in cleavage specificity. Thus it is likely that the efficiency of production of MHC class I binding peptides varies in different locations. Immunoproteasome subunits are enriched at the ER where TAP transports peptides for association with newly synthesized MHC class I molecules. There is recent evidence to suggest that antigen presentation from viral expression vectors, or from peptides that are either delivered by bacterial toxins or derived from signal peptides, require proteasome activity for generation of the correct C-terminus of the epitope. The correct N-terminus may be generated by recently identified ER associated aminopeptidases. A number of viral protein interactions with proteasome subunits have been reported and such interactions may interfere with host anti-viral defenses and also contribute to mechanisms of cell transformation.
Keywords: antigen presentation, immunoproteasome complexes, mhc class I, immunoproteasome subunits
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title: Proteasome Function in Antigen Presentation: Immunoproteasome Complexes, Peptide Production, and Interactions with Viral Proteins
Volume: 5 Issue: 3
Author(s): A. Jennifer Rivett and Arron R. Hearn
Affiliation:
Keywords: antigen presentation, immunoproteasome complexes, mhc class I, immunoproteasome subunits
Abstract: Proteasomes are the major nonlysosomal protein degradation machinery in eukaryotic cells and they are largely responsible for the processing of antigens for presentation by the MHC class I pathway. This review concentrates on recent developments in the area of antigen processing. Specialized proteasomes called immunoproteasomes and an 11S regulator of proteasomes (PA28) are induced by interferon-g, but it is not entirely clear why changes in proteasome structure are beneficial for antigen presentation. Different proteasome complexes have distinct subcellular distributions and subtle differences in cleavage specificity. Thus it is likely that the efficiency of production of MHC class I binding peptides varies in different locations. Immunoproteasome subunits are enriched at the ER where TAP transports peptides for association with newly synthesized MHC class I molecules. There is recent evidence to suggest that antigen presentation from viral expression vectors, or from peptides that are either delivered by bacterial toxins or derived from signal peptides, require proteasome activity for generation of the correct C-terminus of the epitope. The correct N-terminus may be generated by recently identified ER associated aminopeptidases. A number of viral protein interactions with proteasome subunits have been reported and such interactions may interfere with host anti-viral defenses and also contribute to mechanisms of cell transformation.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Rivett Jennifer A. and Hearn R. Arron, Proteasome Function in Antigen Presentation: Immunoproteasome Complexes, Peptide Production, and Interactions with Viral Proteins, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2004; 5 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203043379774
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203043379774 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Artificial Intelligence for Protein Research
Protein research, essential for understanding biological processes and creating therapeutics, faces challenges due to the intricate nature of protein structures and functions. Traditional methods are limited in exploring the vast protein sequence space efficiently. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer promising solutions by improving predictions and speeding up ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Potential Roles of HDAC Inhibitors in Mitigating Ischemia-induced Brain Damage and Facilitating Endogenous Regeneration and Recovery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Applications of Polymeric Nanocapsules in Field of Drug Delivery Systems
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Integrated Biomarkers for Depression in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Critical Review
Current Alzheimer Research Role of Salt and Potassium in Hypertension and the Associated Organ Damages
Current Hypertension Reviews Chaperone-Assisted Secretion in Bacteria: Protein and DNA Transport <i>via</i> Cell Membranes
Current Proteomics Curcumin Nanomedicine: A Road to Cancer Therapeutics
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glucagon Like Peptide-1 and Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Inhibitors in the Treatment of Solid Tumors
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Therapeutic Benefits of Regulating Inflammation in Autoimmunity
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Probiotics and Different Efficacy, How it can be Managed?
Current Drug Therapy Oral Submucous Fibrosis as an Overhealing Wound: Implications in Malignant Transformation
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery A Case Report of Antitubercular Drugs Induced Exanthematous Reaction Complicated by Acute Onset Levofloxacin Induced Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
Current Drug Safety Metallothionein I+II Expression as an Early Sign of Chronic Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Rats
Current Aging Science Neurokinin Peptides and Neurokinin Receptors as Potential Therapeutic Intervention Targets of Basal Ganglia in the Prevention and Treatment of Parkinsons Disease
Current Drug Targets Editorial (Another Year of Prosperity for Current Molecular Medicine)
Current Molecular Medicine Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Biotechnology Potential Therapeutic Targeting of Platelet-Mediated Cellular Interactions in Atherosclerosis and Inflammation
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cancer Nanotechnology - Prospects for Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews The Forward Path for Biopharmaceuticals and Biosimilars: Emerging Options in the Selection of Host Cell Systems
Current Biotechnology Osmoadaptation of Mammalian Cells - An Orchestrated Network of Protective Genes
Current Genomics