Abstract
Dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have recently emerged as a new class of anti-Alzheimer agents with potential to positively modify the course of the disease. These compounds exhibit a multifunctional pharmacological profile arising from interaction with several biological targets involved upstream and downstream in the neurodegenerative cascade of Alzheimers disease (AD). The primary target of these compounds is the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Interaction of dual binding site AChE inhibitors with AChE results in a potent inhibitory activity of AChE and AChE-induced β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) aggregation. Some dual binding site AChE inhibitors take on added value a significant ability to additionally inhibit the enzymes butyrylcholinesterase and BACE-1, involved in the co-regulation of the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and in Aβ formation, respectively. The structural determinants which mediate the interaction of dual binding site AChE inhibitors with these three important enzymes for AD treatment are herein reviewed.
Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, BACE-1, drug-target interactions, structure-based drug design, Anti-Alzheimer agents, Alzheimer's disease, AChE inhibitors, b-amyloid peptide, Dementia, Endoproteinases, Ab vaccine, Ramiprosate, AN1792, Bapineuzumab, CTS-21166, LY450139, MK 0752, E2012, Tacrine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine, Protofibrils, Amylospheroids, Torpedo californica, Thioflavin T fluorescence, Anti-TZ2PA6, Physostigmine analogue, BChE inhibitors, Memoquin
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Structural Determinants of the Multifunctional Profile of Dual Binding Site Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors as Anti-Alzheimer Agents
Volume: 16 Issue: 25
Author(s): Carles Galdeano, Elisabet Viayna, Pau Arroyo, Axel Bidon-Chanal, J. Ramon Blas, Diego Munoz-Torrero and F. Javier Luque
Affiliation:
Keywords: Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, BACE-1, drug-target interactions, structure-based drug design, Anti-Alzheimer agents, Alzheimer's disease, AChE inhibitors, b-amyloid peptide, Dementia, Endoproteinases, Ab vaccine, Ramiprosate, AN1792, Bapineuzumab, CTS-21166, LY450139, MK 0752, E2012, Tacrine, Donepezil, Rivastigmine, Galantamine, Protofibrils, Amylospheroids, Torpedo californica, Thioflavin T fluorescence, Anti-TZ2PA6, Physostigmine analogue, BChE inhibitors, Memoquin
Abstract: Dual binding site acetylcholinesterase inhibitors have recently emerged as a new class of anti-Alzheimer agents with potential to positively modify the course of the disease. These compounds exhibit a multifunctional pharmacological profile arising from interaction with several biological targets involved upstream and downstream in the neurodegenerative cascade of Alzheimers disease (AD). The primary target of these compounds is the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Interaction of dual binding site AChE inhibitors with AChE results in a potent inhibitory activity of AChE and AChE-induced β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) aggregation. Some dual binding site AChE inhibitors take on added value a significant ability to additionally inhibit the enzymes butyrylcholinesterase and BACE-1, involved in the co-regulation of the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and in Aβ formation, respectively. The structural determinants which mediate the interaction of dual binding site AChE inhibitors with these three important enzymes for AD treatment are herein reviewed.
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Galdeano Carles, Viayna Elisabet, Arroyo Pau, Bidon-Chanal Axel, Ramon Blas J., Munoz-Torrero Diego and Javier Luque F., Structural Determinants of the Multifunctional Profile of Dual Binding Site Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors as Anti-Alzheimer Agents, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (25) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210793176536
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210793176536 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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