Abstract
Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (PHH) is caused by solitary benign insulinoma or hyperplasia of pancreatic beta cells. In infants, PHH is caused by functionally defective hyperplastic beta cells, which are either diffusely or focally distributed in the pancreas. In adults, insulinoma is the most common cause of PHH, but recently, an increasing number of beta-cell hyperplasias has been reported among adults. The cause of adult beta-cell hyperplasia is not known. Whether the increased use of bariatric surgery in the treatment of severe obesity plays a role here is under investigation. Accurate localization of disease focus in both insulinoma and focal beta-cell hyperplasia provides an important support for surgery, especially as the use of laparoscopic surgery has increased. Conventional imaging of these challenging pancreatic lesions has evolved during recent years, but current imaging methods still lack sufficient sensitivity or are invasive. In most pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), the usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) for lesion detection is limited because of the low glucose turnover of these tumors. Based on the capacity of pancreatic beta cells to take up and decarboxylate amine precursors, several investigators have studied patients with pancreatic NETs using aminoacid precursors, such as [18F]dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and [11C]hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), in an attempt to increase the sensitivity of PET scanning. Another characteristic of NETs is the expression of somatostatin receptors, and thus encouraging studies with somatostatin receptor imaging with [18Ga]-labeled somatostatin analogs have emerged as a new interesting imaging tool for the diagnosis of pancreatic NETs. This article provides an overview of our experiences and the current literature on PET imaging in patients with PHH caused by insulinoma or beta-cell hyperplasia.
Keywords: Beta-cell hyperplasia, nesidioblastosis, insulinoma, PET, dihydroxyphenylalanine
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Clinical PET Imaging of Insulinoma and Beta-Cell Hyperplasia
Volume: 16 Issue: 14
Author(s): S. Kauhanen, M. Seppanen, H. Minn and P. Nuutila
Affiliation:
Keywords: Beta-cell hyperplasia, nesidioblastosis, insulinoma, PET, dihydroxyphenylalanine
Abstract: Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (PHH) is caused by solitary benign insulinoma or hyperplasia of pancreatic beta cells. In infants, PHH is caused by functionally defective hyperplastic beta cells, which are either diffusely or focally distributed in the pancreas. In adults, insulinoma is the most common cause of PHH, but recently, an increasing number of beta-cell hyperplasias has been reported among adults. The cause of adult beta-cell hyperplasia is not known. Whether the increased use of bariatric surgery in the treatment of severe obesity plays a role here is under investigation. Accurate localization of disease focus in both insulinoma and focal beta-cell hyperplasia provides an important support for surgery, especially as the use of laparoscopic surgery has increased. Conventional imaging of these challenging pancreatic lesions has evolved during recent years, but current imaging methods still lack sufficient sensitivity or are invasive. In most pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), the usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) for lesion detection is limited because of the low glucose turnover of these tumors. Based on the capacity of pancreatic beta cells to take up and decarboxylate amine precursors, several investigators have studied patients with pancreatic NETs using aminoacid precursors, such as [18F]dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) and [11C]hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), in an attempt to increase the sensitivity of PET scanning. Another characteristic of NETs is the expression of somatostatin receptors, and thus encouraging studies with somatostatin receptor imaging with [18Ga]-labeled somatostatin analogs have emerged as a new interesting imaging tool for the diagnosis of pancreatic NETs. This article provides an overview of our experiences and the current literature on PET imaging in patients with PHH caused by insulinoma or beta-cell hyperplasia.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kauhanen S., Seppanen M., Minn H. and Nuutila P., Clinical PET Imaging of Insulinoma and Beta-Cell Hyperplasia, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (14) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210791164090
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210791164090 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Novel Drug-Induced Pulmonary Complications in Cancer Patients You Can Save Life!
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Peptide-based Radiopharmaceuticals for Targeted Tumor Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Radiometal Complexes in Molecular Imaging and Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry A Better Platinum-Based Anticancer Drug Yet to Come?
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Molecular Link Mechanisms between Inflammation and Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting the Nucleus: An Overview of Auger-Electron Radionuclide Therapy
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Tubulin-Targeting Agents in Hybrid Drugs
Current Medicinal Chemistry Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Therapy: A New Cause of Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Endoradiotherapy with Peptides - Status and Future Development
Current Medicinal Chemistry Angiogenesis and Anti-angiogenic Therapies in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Targeting Toll-like Receptors in Autoimmunity
Current Drug Targets α7 nAChR in Airway Respiratory Epithelial Cells
Current Drug Targets Adenocarcinoma of the Appendix in Elderly: Diagnostic Dilemma
New Emirates Medical Journal Small Molecule Toxins Targeting Tumor Receptors
Current Pharmaceutical Design MiRNA-145 and Its Direct Downstream Targets in Digestive System Cancers: A Promising Therapeutic Target
Current Pharmaceutical Design Histotype in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Therapy and Staging: The Emerging Role of an Old and Underrated Factor
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Molecular Targeted Therapy in Enteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: From Biology to Clinical Practice
Current Medicinal Chemistry Tumor-Targeting Peptides: Ligands for Molecular Imaging and Therapy
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Advances in Targeting Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Cancer Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design An Overview of Bioactive Peptides for in vivo Imaging and Therapy in Human Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry