Abstract
It has been known for a long time that inhaled adenosine-monophosphate (AMP) induces airway obstruction in asthmatic patients, but not in healthy subjects. The mechanism of AMP is indirect and occurs via its decay product, adenosine. It stimulates mast cells through its low-affinity receptor A2B to release histamine, which ultimately leads to smooth muscle contraction. This feature of adenosine reveals its pro-inflammatory function, which may play important role in asthma. Indeed, mice lacking adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme which decomposes adenosine, develop asthma-like disorder with elevated IgE, eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness. Human studies showed elevated adenosine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and exhaled breath condensate of asthmatics as compared to healthy people. Furthermore, certain human ADA phenotypes are associated with prevalence of asthma. These data suggest a protective role for ADA and a pro-inflammatory function for adenosine in asthma. The role of adenosine in inflammatory processes, however, is not unequivocal. Some in vitro studies showed that adenosine binding to its high-affinity receptor A2A results in inhibition of leukotriene synthesis or function of adhesion molecules. It is possible that the concentration of adenosine in lung tissues determines whether it promotes or reduces inflammation. Adenosine has also been associated with other respiratory diseases such as fibrosis, sarcoidosis, cystic fibrosis or tuberculosis. Identification of adenosine receptor subtypes and their role in the pathomechanism of respiratory diseases may provide new therapeutical targets. This review aims to summarize the role of adenosine and adenosine receptors in asthma and other pulmonary disorders.
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Adenosine and Adenosine Receptors in the Pathomechanism and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases
Volume: 15 Issue: 9
Author(s): G. Vass and I. Horvath
Affiliation:
Abstract: It has been known for a long time that inhaled adenosine-monophosphate (AMP) induces airway obstruction in asthmatic patients, but not in healthy subjects. The mechanism of AMP is indirect and occurs via its decay product, adenosine. It stimulates mast cells through its low-affinity receptor A2B to release histamine, which ultimately leads to smooth muscle contraction. This feature of adenosine reveals its pro-inflammatory function, which may play important role in asthma. Indeed, mice lacking adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme which decomposes adenosine, develop asthma-like disorder with elevated IgE, eosinophilia and airway hyperresponsiveness. Human studies showed elevated adenosine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and exhaled breath condensate of asthmatics as compared to healthy people. Furthermore, certain human ADA phenotypes are associated with prevalence of asthma. These data suggest a protective role for ADA and a pro-inflammatory function for adenosine in asthma. The role of adenosine in inflammatory processes, however, is not unequivocal. Some in vitro studies showed that adenosine binding to its high-affinity receptor A2A results in inhibition of leukotriene synthesis or function of adhesion molecules. It is possible that the concentration of adenosine in lung tissues determines whether it promotes or reduces inflammation. Adenosine has also been associated with other respiratory diseases such as fibrosis, sarcoidosis, cystic fibrosis or tuberculosis. Identification of adenosine receptor subtypes and their role in the pathomechanism of respiratory diseases may provide new therapeutical targets. This review aims to summarize the role of adenosine and adenosine receptors in asthma and other pulmonary disorders.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Vass G. and Horvath I., Adenosine and Adenosine Receptors in the Pathomechanism and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2008; 15 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708783955392
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986708783955392 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Pulmonary Hypertension: Current Therapy and Future Prospects
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Thyroid Diseases During Pregnancy: Bibliometric Analysis of Scientific Publications
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Expanding Universe of Neurotrophic Factors: Therapeutic Potential in Aging and Age-Associated Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Double Point Modified Analogs of Vitamin D as Potent Activators of Vitamin D Receptor
Current Pharmaceutical Design TRP Channels and Pain
Current Pharmaceutical Design Methacholin Provocation Test in COPD and Healthy Smokers
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Cholestasis During Pregnancy: Aetiopathogenesis, Foetal-Maternal Repercussions and Pharmacological Treatments
Current Women`s Health Reviews Targeting the L-Arginine-Nitric Oxide Pathway for Cancer Treatment
Current Pharmaceutical Design Novel Strategies for the Treatment of Asthma
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Kidney Diseases and Chemokines
Current Drug Targets Episcleritis and Scleritis in Rheumatic Disease
Current Rheumatology Reviews Atopy and Role of Mast Cells in IgE-Mediated Allergic Diseases
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Heme Oxygenase-1: A Novel Therapeutic Target in Oxidative Tissue Injuries
Current Medicinal Chemistry Covid-19: Pathophysiology; Mechanism of Transmission and Possible Molecular Drug Target for Management
Current Molecular Pharmacology Toxicities by Herbal Medicines with Emphasis to Traditional Chinese Medicine
Current Drug Metabolism HIV-1 p24-nef DNA Vaccine Plus Protein Boost Expands T-Cell Responses in BALB/c
Current Drug Delivery Impact of Mast Cell Chymase on Renal Disease Progression
Current Hypertension Reviews Ethnobotanical Bioprospection of Candidates for Potential Antimicrobial Drugs from Brazilian Plants: State of Art and Perspectives
Current Protein & Peptide Science Contemporary Methods for Patients to Report the Severity of Dyspnea
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Methotrexate Induced Pneumonitis: A Review Article
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews