Abstract
Benzamide riboside (BR), a synthetic C-nucleoside, acts as a strong growth inhibitor of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. BR, like TR and related nucleoside prodrugs, act by anabolism to NAD analogs. These analogs selectively inhibit IMPDH, leading to depletion of cellular GTP, growth cessation, and cell differentiation. To date only preclinical studies have been carried out. However, in tiazofurin (TR), a related drug, phase I / II clinical trials have been conducted in patients with acute leukemia and shown to be a very promising agent with a response rate of 85percent in 26 patients in one of the trials. Tiazofurin is now undergoing phase III clinical trials as a result. Dose limiting toxicity of tiazofurin was headache, somnolence and nausea with no myelosuppression noted. By contrast, BR showed skeletal muscle toxicity, hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression in preclinical data. Skeletal muscle toxicity was noted in the paraspinal muscles and may represent dose-limiting toxicity. Since BR does exhibit myelosuppression, the most common chemotherapy-related side effect in humans, careful judgment is warranted should BR be included in multidrug regimens, although BRs potent cytotoxicity to tumor cells in preclinical models still makes it a promising drug.
Keywords: c-nucleoside, benzamide riboside, cancer chemotherapy, toxicity, apoptosis
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Toxicity and Efficacy of Benzamide Riboside in Cancer Chemotherapy Models
Volume: 9 Issue: 7
Author(s): Hiremagalur N. Jayaram, Joel A. Yalowitz, Francisco Arguello and John F. Greene,Jr
Affiliation:
Keywords: c-nucleoside, benzamide riboside, cancer chemotherapy, toxicity, apoptosis
Abstract: Benzamide riboside (BR), a synthetic C-nucleoside, acts as a strong growth inhibitor of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. BR, like TR and related nucleoside prodrugs, act by anabolism to NAD analogs. These analogs selectively inhibit IMPDH, leading to depletion of cellular GTP, growth cessation, and cell differentiation. To date only preclinical studies have been carried out. However, in tiazofurin (TR), a related drug, phase I / II clinical trials have been conducted in patients with acute leukemia and shown to be a very promising agent with a response rate of 85percent in 26 patients in one of the trials. Tiazofurin is now undergoing phase III clinical trials as a result. Dose limiting toxicity of tiazofurin was headache, somnolence and nausea with no myelosuppression noted. By contrast, BR showed skeletal muscle toxicity, hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression in preclinical data. Skeletal muscle toxicity was noted in the paraspinal muscles and may represent dose-limiting toxicity. Since BR does exhibit myelosuppression, the most common chemotherapy-related side effect in humans, careful judgment is warranted should BR be included in multidrug regimens, although BRs potent cytotoxicity to tumor cells in preclinical models still makes it a promising drug.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Jayaram N. Hiremagalur, Yalowitz A. Joel, Arguello Francisco and Greene,Jr F. John, Toxicity and Efficacy of Benzamide Riboside in Cancer Chemotherapy Models, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2002; 9 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867024606858
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867024606858 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
miR-21, An Oncogenic Target miRNA for Cancer Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms and Recent Advancements in Chemo and Radio-resistance
Current Gene Therapy Cyclodextrins and their Derivatives as Carrier Molecules in Drug and Gene Delivery Systems
Current Organic Chemistry A Century of Thioxanthones: Through Synthesis and Biological Applications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Recent Advances of MEK Inhibitors and Their Clinical Progress
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Anti-Cancer Approach with NK4: Bivalent Action and Mechanisms
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Toll-Like Receptors: Cost or Benefit for Cancer?
Current Pharmaceutical Design Targeting Ion Channels in Leukemias: A New Challenge for Treatment
Current Medicinal Chemistry Drug Tissue Distribution: Study Methods and Therapeutic Implications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Viral Based Gene Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Current Gene Therapy Targeting Tumors with Small Molecule Peptides
Current Cancer Drug Targets Expression and Function of PPARs in Cancer Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 5'-Nucleotidases, Nucleosides and their Distribution in the Brain: Pathological and Therapeutic Implications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cytosine Methyltransferases as Tumor Markers
Current Genomics Application of the Shortest Path Algorithm for the Discovery of Breast Cancer-Related Genes
Current Bioinformatics A Comparative Study of Two Novel Nanosized Radiolabeled Analogues of Methionine for SPECT Tumor Imaging
Current Medicinal Chemistry Blockage of Autophagy in C6 Glioma Cells Enhanced Radiosensitivity Possibly by Attenuating DNA-PK-Dependent DSB Due to Limited Ku Nuclear Translocation and DNA Binding
Current Molecular Medicine Malignant Intracranial High Grade Glioma and Current Treatment Strategy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Anthraquinones: Analytical Techniques as a Novel Tool to Investigate on the Triggering of Biological Targets
Current Drug Targets Combining Oncolytic Virotherapy and Cytotoxic Therapies to Fight Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Perfusion Computed Tomography and its Application in Oncologic Practice
Current Molecular Imaging (Discontinued)