Abstract
Many cytokines have been reported to be increased in human and animal models with cardiovascular diseases. Myocardial infarction (MI) is accompanied with an inflammatory reaction which induces cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. The inflammatory reaction has been investigated in animal models of MI or myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The mechanisms by which cytokine cascade is activated in the infarcted myocardium have been recently elucidated. Several hematopoietic growth factors including interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factors (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and stem cell factor (SCF) have been reported to be positive regulators of granulopoiesis and act at different stages of myeloid cell development. G-CSF plays a critical role in regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and survival of myeloid progenitor cells. G-CSF also causes a marked increase in the release of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into the peripheral blood circulation, a process termed mobilization. Although cardiac myocytes have been considered as terminally differentiated cells, it has been recently reported that there are many proliferating cardiac myocytes after MI in human heart. After it was demonstrated that bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into cardiac myocytes, myocardial regeneration has been widely investigated. Recently, G-CSF has been reported to improve cardiac function and reduces mortality after acute MI. Although the mechanism by which G-CSF ameliorates cardiac dysfunction is not fully understood, there is the possibility that G-CSF may regenerate cardiac myocytes and blood vessels through mobilization of BMSCs. In the future, cytokinemediated regeneration therapy may become to be a novel therapeutic strategy for MI.
Keywords: bone marrow, cardiac myocyte, cytokine, mobilization, myocardial infarction, regeneration, stem cell
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Pleiotropic Effects of Cytokines on Acute Myocardial Infarction: G-CSF as A Novel Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Volume: 9 Issue: 14
Author(s): Hiroyuki Takano, Masashi Ohtsuka, Hiroshi Akazawa, Haruhiro Toko, Mutsuo Harada, Hiroshi Hasegawa, Toshio Nagai and Issei Komuro
Affiliation:
Keywords: bone marrow, cardiac myocyte, cytokine, mobilization, myocardial infarction, regeneration, stem cell
Abstract: Many cytokines have been reported to be increased in human and animal models with cardiovascular diseases. Myocardial infarction (MI) is accompanied with an inflammatory reaction which induces cardiac dysfunction and remodeling. The inflammatory reaction has been investigated in animal models of MI or myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The mechanisms by which cytokine cascade is activated in the infarcted myocardium have been recently elucidated. Several hematopoietic growth factors including interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factors (GM-CSF), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and stem cell factor (SCF) have been reported to be positive regulators of granulopoiesis and act at different stages of myeloid cell development. G-CSF plays a critical role in regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and survival of myeloid progenitor cells. G-CSF also causes a marked increase in the release of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) into the peripheral blood circulation, a process termed mobilization. Although cardiac myocytes have been considered as terminally differentiated cells, it has been recently reported that there are many proliferating cardiac myocytes after MI in human heart. After it was demonstrated that bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into cardiac myocytes, myocardial regeneration has been widely investigated. Recently, G-CSF has been reported to improve cardiac function and reduces mortality after acute MI. Although the mechanism by which G-CSF ameliorates cardiac dysfunction is not fully understood, there is the possibility that G-CSF may regenerate cardiac myocytes and blood vessels through mobilization of BMSCs. In the future, cytokinemediated regeneration therapy may become to be a novel therapeutic strategy for MI.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Takano Hiroyuki, Ohtsuka Masashi, Akazawa Hiroshi, Toko Haruhiro, Harada Mutsuo, Hasegawa Hiroshi, Nagai Toshio and Komuro Issei, Pleiotropic Effects of Cytokines on Acute Myocardial Infarction: G-CSF as A Novel Therapy for Acute Myocardial Infarction, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2003; 9 (14) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612033455008
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612033455008 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Role of microRNA in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke
Current Drug Delivery Endothelin Receptor Antagonists as Disease Modifiers in Systemic Sclerosis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Humanized Cobra Venom Factor: Experimental Therapeutics for Targeted Complement Activation and Complement Depletion
Current Pharmaceutical Design Exercise as a platform for pharmacotherapy development in cardiac diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Recent Progress in Cerebrovascular Gene Therapy
Current Neurovascular Research Cardiac Remodeling and Exercise Training in Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Melatonin in the Biliary Tract and Liver: Health Implications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nongenomic Actions of Thyroid Hormones: From Basic Research to Clinical Applications. An Update
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Mechanisms of the Beneficial Actions of Ischemic Preconditioning on Subcellular Remodeling in Ischemic-Reperfused Heart
Current Cardiology Reviews The Regulatory Effects of Glutamine on Illness and Health
Protein & Peptide Letters Dietary Nitrite in Nitric Oxide Biology: A Redox Interplay with Implications for Pathophysiology and Therapeutics
Current Drug Targets Recently Patented Applications of Homologous Cellular and Extracellular Agents as Therapeutics or Targets for the Prevention of Restenosis Post- Angioplasty
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery An Overview of the Effect of Weight Loss on Cardiovascular Autonomic Function
Current Diabetes Reviews The Influence of Exercise Upon Cardiac Biomarkers: A Practical Guide for Clinicians and Scientists
Current Medicinal Chemistry Adverse Effects of Statins - Mechanisms and Consequences
Current Drug Safety Possible Therapeutic Targets in Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design AMPK As A Target in Rare Diseases
Current Drug Targets Small Peptides as Modulators of Serine Proteases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Therapeutical Potential of CB<sub>2</sub> Receptors in Immune-Related Diseases
Current Molecular Pharmacology Cerebral Aneurysm as an Exacerbating Factor in Stroke Pathology and a Therapeutic Target for Neuroprotection
Current Pharmaceutical Design