Abstract
Prior to the discovery of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a beneficial association was shown between chronic usage of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), that nonselectively inhibit both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2, and prevention of colorectal cancer. The cloning of COX-2 allowed the development of enzyme inhibitors that selectively inhibit COX-2 and also facilitated the expression profiling of COX-2 in many cancer tissues. COX-2 selective inhibitors have shown efficacy in vitro and in vivo in several animal cancer models and in limited human clinical trials. The potency of COX-2 inhibitors in vivo can be attributed to the inhibition of the enzyme in the tumor as well as in stromal cells, resulting in reduction of carcinogen production, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptopic actions within the tumor and anti-angiogenic and pro-immune surveillance activities in endothelial and myeloid cells. The combination of COX-2 inhibitor with standard cancer chemotherapeutic and / or radiation may provide additional therapeutic paradigms in the treatment of various human cancers.
Keywords: colorectal cancer, prostaglandins, nsaid, cyclooxygenase, cox, cancer, cox-2 inhibitors, angiogenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Cancer and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibition
Volume: 10 Issue: 6
Author(s): J. F. Evans and S. L.. Kargman
Affiliation:
Keywords: colorectal cancer, prostaglandins, nsaid, cyclooxygenase, cox, cancer, cox-2 inhibitors, angiogenesis
Abstract: Prior to the discovery of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a beneficial association was shown between chronic usage of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), that nonselectively inhibit both cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2, and prevention of colorectal cancer. The cloning of COX-2 allowed the development of enzyme inhibitors that selectively inhibit COX-2 and also facilitated the expression profiling of COX-2 in many cancer tissues. COX-2 selective inhibitors have shown efficacy in vitro and in vivo in several animal cancer models and in limited human clinical trials. The potency of COX-2 inhibitors in vivo can be attributed to the inhibition of the enzyme in the tumor as well as in stromal cells, resulting in reduction of carcinogen production, anti-proliferative and pro-apoptopic actions within the tumor and anti-angiogenic and pro-immune surveillance activities in endothelial and myeloid cells. The combination of COX-2 inhibitor with standard cancer chemotherapeutic and / or radiation may provide additional therapeutic paradigms in the treatment of various human cancers.
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Cite this article as:
Evans F. J. and Kargman L.. S., Cancer and Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) Inhibition, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2004; 10 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043453126
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043453126 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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