Abstract
Since the mid-1990s, West Nile virus (WNV) has emerged as a significant agent of arboviral encephalitis in several regions of the world. In 1999, WNV was introduced into the northeastern United States and was associated with an outbreak of encephalitis affecting humans, birds and horses. Subsequently, the virus has spread across the country, and across southern Canada, and in 2002 and 2003 was associated with the largest outbreaks of arboviral encephalitis recorded in the Western hemisphere. Interestingly, the more recent spread of WNV into Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean has not been associated with the high levels of clinical disease observed in North America. This review addresses the most recent results from studies investigating the molecular biology and evolution of WNV, as well as progress in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic reagents.
Keywords: glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), viral envelope (E) protein, endoplasmic reticulum, immature virions, flaviviruses, nucleic acid amplification testing
Current Molecular Medicine
Title: Recent Advances in the Molecular Biology of West Nile Virus
Volume: 5 Issue: 8
Author(s): David W.C. Beasley
Affiliation:
Keywords: glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), viral envelope (E) protein, endoplasmic reticulum, immature virions, flaviviruses, nucleic acid amplification testing
Abstract: Since the mid-1990s, West Nile virus (WNV) has emerged as a significant agent of arboviral encephalitis in several regions of the world. In 1999, WNV was introduced into the northeastern United States and was associated with an outbreak of encephalitis affecting humans, birds and horses. Subsequently, the virus has spread across the country, and across southern Canada, and in 2002 and 2003 was associated with the largest outbreaks of arboviral encephalitis recorded in the Western hemisphere. Interestingly, the more recent spread of WNV into Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean has not been associated with the high levels of clinical disease observed in North America. This review addresses the most recent results from studies investigating the molecular biology and evolution of WNV, as well as progress in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic reagents.
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Cite this article as:
Beasley W.C. David, Recent Advances in the Molecular Biology of West Nile Virus, Current Molecular Medicine 2005; 5 (8) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652405774962272
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156652405774962272 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
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