Abstract
Atherosclerosis is currently viewed as an inflammatory disease in which the initiation and progression of the atherosclerotic plaque towards a rupture prone, unstable plaque is driven by leukocyte recruitment mediated by various inflammatory mediators. Recently, interest in chemotactic cytokines or chemokines with regard to atherosclerosis has been growing as chemokines mediate the influx of leukocytes that is typical of atherothrombosis. The activity of the majority of chemokines is overlapping and chemokines are not only produced by the various cellular constituents of the atherosclerotic plaque but also by activated platelets. Consequently, the direct influence of individual chemokines on plaque destabilisation and rupture is widespread and rather unclear. Experimental research has already established the role of a number of chemokines in advanced atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, given the complexity and size of the chemokine family, further screening of cardiovascular disease for chemokine level and genetic polymorphisms for chemokines will be warranted as the search for viable biomarkers of plaque destabilization as well as novel therapeutic targets for specific atheroregressive therapeutic compounds is ongoing. With regard to the latter, clinical trials with specific chemokine inhibitory strategies, like chemokine receptor antagonists, are already underway in other inflammatory disorders. Summarizing, chemokine inhibition likely constitutes an important therapeutic option next to already established drugs in the management of cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, chemokines, vulnerable plaque, cardiovascular diseases, leukocytes, platelets, therapeutics
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Chemokines and Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression: Towards Therapeutic Targeting?
Volume: 13 Issue: 10
Author(s): A. O. Kraaijeveld, S. C. A. de Jager, T. J. C. van Berkel, E. A. L. Biessen and J. W. Jukema
Affiliation:
Keywords: Atherosclerosis, chemokines, vulnerable plaque, cardiovascular diseases, leukocytes, platelets, therapeutics
Abstract: Atherosclerosis is currently viewed as an inflammatory disease in which the initiation and progression of the atherosclerotic plaque towards a rupture prone, unstable plaque is driven by leukocyte recruitment mediated by various inflammatory mediators. Recently, interest in chemotactic cytokines or chemokines with regard to atherosclerosis has been growing as chemokines mediate the influx of leukocytes that is typical of atherothrombosis. The activity of the majority of chemokines is overlapping and chemokines are not only produced by the various cellular constituents of the atherosclerotic plaque but also by activated platelets. Consequently, the direct influence of individual chemokines on plaque destabilisation and rupture is widespread and rather unclear. Experimental research has already established the role of a number of chemokines in advanced atherosclerosis. Nevertheless, given the complexity and size of the chemokine family, further screening of cardiovascular disease for chemokine level and genetic polymorphisms for chemokines will be warranted as the search for viable biomarkers of plaque destabilization as well as novel therapeutic targets for specific atheroregressive therapeutic compounds is ongoing. With regard to the latter, clinical trials with specific chemokine inhibitory strategies, like chemokine receptor antagonists, are already underway in other inflammatory disorders. Summarizing, chemokine inhibition likely constitutes an important therapeutic option next to already established drugs in the management of cardiovascular disease.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kraaijeveld O. A., A. de Jager C. S., C. van Berkel J. T., L. Biessen A. E. and Jukema W. J., Chemokines and Atherosclerotic Plaque Progression: Towards Therapeutic Targeting?, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2007; 13 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207780487584
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161207780487584 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Recent Advances in Ozonation of Vegetable Oils
Recent Patents on Materials Science Monitoring Calcific Aortic Valve Disease: The Role of Biomarkers
Current Medicinal Chemistry Heme Oxygenase-1 against Vascular Insufficiency: Roles of Atherosclerotic Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Central Role of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme in Vertebrate Pathophysiology
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Endocannabinoid Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinases: Implications in Ischemic Stroke
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Heme Oxygenase-Derived Carbon Monoxide Restores Vascular Function in Type 1 Diabetes
Drug Metabolism Letters Oxidative Stress During Myocardial Ischaemia and Heart Failure
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pleiotropic Effect of Statins as Antioxidants on Cardiac Hypertrophy
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Recent Advances in the Development of Thioredoxin Reductase Inhibitors as Anticancer Agents
Current Drug Targets QT Alterations in Psychopharmacology: Proven Candidates and Suspects
Current Drug Safety Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet-to-lymphocyte Ratio as Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Surgery Procedures: A Literature Review
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Acute Tonsillitis
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Chinese Herbal Medicine for Hyperlipidaemia: A Review Based on Data Mining from 1990 to 2016
Current Vascular Pharmacology The Effect of Anti-B-cell Therapy on the Development of Atherosclerosis in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Nuclear Imaging of Post-infarction Inflammation in Ischemic Cardiac Diseases - New Radiotracers for Potential Clinical Applications
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Pharmacological Adjuvant Therapies in Primary Coronary Interventions: Bivalirudin
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Vitamin D in Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design MicroRNAs Determining Inflammation as Novel Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pharmaceutical Care: Past, Present and Future
Current Pharmaceutical Design Telmisartan Blocks Advanced Glycation End Product (AGE)-Induced Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells via Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ (PPAR-γ )
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery