Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) system is involved in several regulatory processes within the body. The action of TNF-α is mediated by the two cell surface receptors TNF-R p55 and TNF-R p75. Soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs) are soluble variants of the extracellular domains of their membrane-bound form. To assess the activity of the TNF-α system in patients suffering from disorders of the central nervous system - such as depression, narcolepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer ’ s and Parkinson ’ s disease - and during psychopharmacological therapy, several studies investigated plasma levels of TNF-α, TNF-R p55 and TNF-R p75 and the local concentration of TNF-α in the brain. It could be shown that an activation of the TNF-α system might promote the development of psychiatric or neurological symptoms or disorders. Additionally, endocrine changes associated with brain disorders may lead to alterations of the TNF-α system. Psychotropic drugs influence the TNF-α system by normalizing the HPA axis changes associated with psychiatric diseases, and inducing weight gain and liver damage. Several side effects of psychotropic drugs resemble brain disorders in which the TNF-α system plays an important pathogenetic role. One could wonder whether these side effects may at least in part be mediated by an activation of the TNF-α system.
Keywords: TNF-α, TNF receptor, Psychopharmacology, Brain disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis
Title: Activity of the TNF-α System in Patients with Brain Disorders and During Psychopharmacological Treatment
Volume: 3 Issue: 1
Author(s): Hubertus Himmerich
Affiliation:
Keywords: TNF-α, TNF receptor, Psychopharmacology, Brain disorders
Abstract: The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) system is involved in several regulatory processes within the body. The action of TNF-α is mediated by the two cell surface receptors TNF-R p55 and TNF-R p75. Soluble TNF receptors (sTNFRs) are soluble variants of the extracellular domains of their membrane-bound form. To assess the activity of the TNF-α system in patients suffering from disorders of the central nervous system - such as depression, narcolepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer ’ s and Parkinson ’ s disease - and during psychopharmacological therapy, several studies investigated plasma levels of TNF-α, TNF-R p55 and TNF-R p75 and the local concentration of TNF-α in the brain. It could be shown that an activation of the TNF-α system might promote the development of psychiatric or neurological symptoms or disorders. Additionally, endocrine changes associated with brain disorders may lead to alterations of the TNF-α system. Psychotropic drugs influence the TNF-α system by normalizing the HPA axis changes associated with psychiatric diseases, and inducing weight gain and liver damage. Several side effects of psychotropic drugs resemble brain disorders in which the TNF-α system plays an important pathogenetic role. One could wonder whether these side effects may at least in part be mediated by an activation of the TNF-α system.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Himmerich Hubertus, Activity of the TNF-α System in Patients with Brain Disorders and During Psychopharmacological Treatment, Current Pharmaceutical Analysis 2007; 3 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341207779802412
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157341207779802412 |
Print ISSN 1573-4129 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-676X |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Recent Developments in Targeting Bromodomain and Extra Terminal
Domain Proteins for Cancer Therapeutics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Arsenic Immunotoxicity and Immunomodulation by Phytochemicals: Potential Relations to Develop Chemopreventive Approaches
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Towards a Personalised Approach to Managing Influenza Infections in Infants and Children – Food for Thought and a Note on Oseltamivir
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Personalized Medicine in Oncology: A Personal View with Myths and Facts
Current Clinical Pharmacology Relevance of Vitamin D in Bone and Muscle Health of Cancer Patients
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Functional Connectivity Analysis of Brain Default Mode Networks Using Hamiltonian Path
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Simultaneously Determining Seven Second-Line Anti-TB Drugs by UHPLC- MS: Application for TDM in HIV-TB Patients
Current Pharmaceutical Analysis Measurement of Entrance Skin Dose in Radiographic Examinations of Pediatric Patients
Current Medical Imaging Current and Promising Therapies in Autosomal Recessive Ataxias
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Antiangiogenic Therapy in Malignant Glioma: Promise and Challenge
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cholinesterases and Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Current Enzyme Inhibition Effects of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-1-Associated Oral Complications
Current HIV Research The First Years of Linezolid Experience in Clinical Practice: A Balance and Future Implications
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Estrogen Receptor-Positive and Estrogen Receptor-Negative Human Breast Cancer Cells: Regulation of Expression of Cancer-Related Genes by Estradiol and Tamoxifen
Current Signal Transduction Therapy HMGB1-Directed Drug Discovery Targeting Cutaneous Inflammatory Dysregulation
Current Drug Metabolism Agave (Agave spp.) and its Traditional Products as a Source of Bioactive Compounds
Current Bioactive Compounds The Role of Microbiota and Intestinal Permeability in the Pathophysiology of Autoimmune and Neuroimmune Processes with an Emphasis on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Type 1 Diabetes and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Design Air Pollution, Platelet Activation and Atherosclerosis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) 4-Hydroxynonenal in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Human Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Association of Zinc and Copper Status with Cardiovascular Diseases and their Assessment Methods: A Review Study
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry