Abstract
Small airway plays a major role in viral infection of the respiratory tract in infants and young children. Indeed these early viral infections have been shown to lead to airway remodeling and early development of non allergic asthma by affecting the expression of critical growth factors. In the old child and adult however, and until very recently, asthma has been considered largely a disease of the large airways. But as our understanding of asthma evolves, it now seems that the disease process in asthma is located in all parts of the tracheobronchial tree, small airways, and alveoli. Small airway remodeling has the potential to produce fixed airflow obstruction, which if untreated and unrecognized can lead chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With the recognition of the important role of the small airways in the pathogenesis of asthma in infants as well as in adults, more aggressive modalities of treatment are urgently needed in order to have a positive impact on asthma outcome. This article will review the impact of early viral infections on airway remodeling in infants, the role that small airways play in older asthmatics, and finally the potential role of new HFA formulation for the treatment of asthma.
Keywords: Forced expiratory flow, parenchyma, inflammation, Hydrofluoroalkane, metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews
Title: Small Airways Disease in Asthma
Volume: 2 Issue: 3
Author(s): Tanya Gulliver, Giovanni Piedimonte and Nemr Eid
Affiliation:
Keywords: Forced expiratory flow, parenchyma, inflammation, Hydrofluoroalkane, metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
Abstract: Small airway plays a major role in viral infection of the respiratory tract in infants and young children. Indeed these early viral infections have been shown to lead to airway remodeling and early development of non allergic asthma by affecting the expression of critical growth factors. In the old child and adult however, and until very recently, asthma has been considered largely a disease of the large airways. But as our understanding of asthma evolves, it now seems that the disease process in asthma is located in all parts of the tracheobronchial tree, small airways, and alveoli. Small airway remodeling has the potential to produce fixed airflow obstruction, which if untreated and unrecognized can lead chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With the recognition of the important role of the small airways in the pathogenesis of asthma in infants as well as in adults, more aggressive modalities of treatment are urgently needed in order to have a positive impact on asthma outcome. This article will review the impact of early viral infections on airway remodeling in infants, the role that small airways play in older asthmatics, and finally the potential role of new HFA formulation for the treatment of asthma.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Gulliver Tanya, Piedimonte Giovanni and Eid Nemr, Small Airways Disease in Asthma, Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews 2006; 2 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339806778018962
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339806778018962 |
Print ISSN 1573-398X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6387 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Exposure to PM2.5 components is associated with respiratory diseases
Through continuous research on the relationship between risk factors and health, it has been found that air pollution, especially atmospheric particulate matter pollution, has become one of the main sources of global disease burden. From 1990 to 2022, the concentration of atmospheric particulate matter pollution has increased by more than ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Systems Medicine Approaches for the Definition of Complex Phenotypes in Chronic Diseases and Ageing. From Concept to Implementation and Policies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial [Pharmacology and Therapeutic Activity of Purinergic Drugs for Disorders of the Nervous System]
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Advances in Whole Genome Sequencing Technology
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Use of Antihistamines in Ocular Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Homocysteine and Folate Therapy in Dialysis Patients
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery The Histamine H3 Receptor as a Therapeutic Drug Target for Metabolic Disorders: Status, Challenges and Opportunities
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Patent Selections:
Current Biomarkers (Discontinued) Interleukin-21 in Immune and Allergic Diseases
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) A Clinical Perspective of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitors in Metabolic and Related Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Molecular Pharmacology Donkeys and Goats Milk Consumption and Benefits to Human Health with Special Reference to the Inflammatory Status
Current Pharmaceutical Design Various Non-Injectable Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Trends in the Exploration of Anticancer Targets and Strategies in Enhancing the Efficacy of Drug Targeting
Current Molecular Pharmacology Eosinophils, a Jack of All Trades in Immunity: Therapeutic Approaches for Correcting Their Functional Disorders
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Oseltamivir in Neonates, Infants and Young Children: A Focus on Clinical Pharmacology
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Catalytic Activity of Certain Antibodies as a Potential Tool for Drug Synthesis and for Directed Prodrug Therapies
Current Medicinal Chemistry Immediate and Late Adverse Reactions to Iodinated Contrast Media: A Pharmacological Point of View
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Hemolysis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension in Sickle Cell Disease: Global Disruption of the Arginine-Nitric Oxide Pathway
Current Hypertension Reviews Impairment of Lung Function During Adjuvant Oxaliplatin Treatment in Patients with Colorectal Cancer: A Prospective Trial
Current Drug Safety Oxygen Radicals in Inflammation and Allergy Related to Viral Infections
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy