Abstract
The thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) has been used both to augment and accelerate the clinical effects of antidepressants, particularly the tricyclics. More recent work indicates that it may have similar actions with regard to the SSRIs. Two main mechanisms have been put forward to explain its antidepressant actions, (a) an action at the nuclear level involving stimulation of gene transcription, (b) an action at the cell membrane level involving potentiation of neurotransmission. In particular, there is considerable evidence for potentiation by T3 of the actions of the neurotransmitter 5- HT or serotonin. This evidence, which is mainly based on in vivo microdialysis studies, is reviewed, and evidence based on human and animal neuroendocrine studies considered. The effects of T3, alone and together with the SSRI fluoxetine, on mRNA levels for the 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B autoreceptors, which mediate serotonergic neurotransmission by feedback actions at the levels of cell firing(somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors) and neurotransmitter release (nerve terminal 5- HT1B autoreceptors) were also determined. Administration of a combination of fluoxetine and T3 induced reductions in the transcription of these autoreceptors, which may explain the clinical potentiating effects of this combination, and thus link the nuclear and neurotransmitter hypotheses of T3 action.
Keywords: Triiodothyronine, serotonin, depression, antidepressant, microdiaysis, mRNA, fluoxetine, autoreceptor
Current Drug Targets
Title: Basic Mechanisms of Augmentation of Antidepressant Effects with Thyroid Hormone
Volume: 7 Issue: 2
Author(s): Tsuri Lifschytz, Ronen Segman, Galit Shalom, Bernard Lerer, Eitan Gur, Tanya Golzer and Michael E. Newman
Affiliation:
Keywords: Triiodothyronine, serotonin, depression, antidepressant, microdiaysis, mRNA, fluoxetine, autoreceptor
Abstract: The thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) has been used both to augment and accelerate the clinical effects of antidepressants, particularly the tricyclics. More recent work indicates that it may have similar actions with regard to the SSRIs. Two main mechanisms have been put forward to explain its antidepressant actions, (a) an action at the nuclear level involving stimulation of gene transcription, (b) an action at the cell membrane level involving potentiation of neurotransmission. In particular, there is considerable evidence for potentiation by T3 of the actions of the neurotransmitter 5- HT or serotonin. This evidence, which is mainly based on in vivo microdialysis studies, is reviewed, and evidence based on human and animal neuroendocrine studies considered. The effects of T3, alone and together with the SSRI fluoxetine, on mRNA levels for the 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B autoreceptors, which mediate serotonergic neurotransmission by feedback actions at the levels of cell firing(somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors) and neurotransmitter release (nerve terminal 5- HT1B autoreceptors) were also determined. Administration of a combination of fluoxetine and T3 induced reductions in the transcription of these autoreceptors, which may explain the clinical potentiating effects of this combination, and thus link the nuclear and neurotransmitter hypotheses of T3 action.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lifschytz Tsuri, Segman Ronen, Shalom Galit, Lerer Bernard, Gur Eitan, Golzer Tanya and Newman E. Michael, Basic Mechanisms of Augmentation of Antidepressant Effects with Thyroid Hormone, Current Drug Targets 2006; 7 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006775515482
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006775515482 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New drug therapy for eye diseases
Eyesight is one of the most critical senses, accounting for over 80% of our perceptions. Our quality of life might be significantly affected by eye disease, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, dry eye, etc. Although the development of microinvasive ocular surgery reduces surgical complications and improves overall outcomes, medication therapy is ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Exploring the Role of Gene Therapy for Neurological Disorders
Current Gene Therapy Patient Perspectives in OMERACT Provide an Anchor for Future Metric Development and Improved Approaches to Healthcare Delivery in Connective Tissue Disease Related Interstitial Lung Disease (CTD-ILD)
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Differences Between Parkinson’s and Huntington’s Diseases and Their Role for Prioritization of Stem Cell-Based Treatments
Current Molecular Medicine Potential Application of Centrifuges to Protect the CNS in Space and on Earth
Current Alzheimer Research Placebo Effect in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Placebo Response and Placebo Responders in OCD: The Trend Over Time
Current Neuropharmacology Structural Requirements to Obtain Highly Potent and Selective 18 kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) Ligands
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Oxidative Stress and Opioids' Toxicity: An Update
Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry Enzyme Activity Assays for Protein Kinases: Strategies to Identify Active Substrates
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Assessment of Motor Function in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome With Virtual Reality-based Mirror Visual Feedback: A Pilot Case Study
Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Adult Neurogenic and Antidepressant Effects of Adiponectin: A Potential Replacement for Exercise
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Impaired Neurovascular Coupling in the APPxPS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Electrochemical Analysis and Quantum Chemistry of Castor Oil-Based Corrosion Inhibitors
Current Analytical Chemistry Targeting Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors in Cancer: New Ligands and Potential Side-Effects
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Stability in Cognitive Function Over 18 Years: Prevalence and Predictors among Older Mexican Americans
Current Alzheimer Research NMDA Neurotransmission Dysfunction in Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease
Current Neuropharmacology Cardiac Tissue Engineering
Recent Patents on Regenerative Medicine Axotomy Leads to Reduced Calcium Increase and Earlier Termination of CCL2 Release in Spinal Motoneurons with Upregulated Parvalbumin Followed by Decreased Neighboring Microglial Activation
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Abnormal Saccadic Intrusions with Alzheimer's Disease in Darkness
Current Alzheimer Research Supplements, Diets and Other Complementary and Alternative Interventions in Adolescent Mental Health
Adolescent Psychiatry High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP): A New Biochemical Marker of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews